Dual and triple equations and q-orthogonal polynomials

In this paper, we solve dual and triple sequences involving q-orthogonal polynomials. We also introduce and solve a system of dual series equations when the kernel is the q-Laguerre polynomials. Examples are included.     

Electrorheological Fluids Equations Involving Variable Exponent with Dependence on the Gradient via Mountain Pass Techniques

This article deals with a quasilinear elliptic equation with variable exponent under a homogenous Dirichlet boundary-value condition, where nonlinearity also depends on the gradient of the solution. By using an iterative method based on Mountain Pass techniques, the existence of a positive solution is obtained.     

Sensitive Spectrofluorimetric Study of the Interaction between Europium(III) and 1,2-Phenylenebis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene) bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)diphenol Schiff Base

A sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the rapid determination of europium(III). This method is based on the formation of nonluminous complex between Eu(III) and a Schiff base reagent N, N′-bis (salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (PABD) and measuring the fluorescence quenching of Eu(III)-PABD complex at λ_ex/em = 390/577 nm. The fluorescence intensity complex decreased linearly by increasing the Eu(III) concentration in the range of 1.0–13.0 μM. The optimum conditions for the complex formation were determined such as a pH .0 of borate buffer. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of Eu(III) were determined and found to be 0.217 and 0.653 μM, respectively. The maximum relative standard deviation of the method for an europium(III) standard of 6.0 μM was 2.07 % (n = 6). The proposed procedures could be applied successfully for the determination of the investigated metal ion in some spiked water samples with a good precision and accuracy compared to official and reported methods as revealed by t- and F-tests.     

Metal chelates of phosphonate-containing ligands-V Stability of some 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid metal chelates

A detailed study of the complexes formed between 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and twelve metal ions, including the alkaline earth and transition non-transition metal ions, is reported. The formation constants of the protonated and unprotonated complexes are measured from potentiometric data and possible structural formulae are given. The results reveal that only mononuclear (1:1) di-, mono- and unprotonated metal chelates are formed and that the general order of stability for the unprotonated complexes is Zn > Mn > Ca > Cu > Cd > Pd > Ni > Co reverse similar Sr > Mg > Ag > Ba.     

Plausible origins of homochirality in the amino acid catalyzed neogenesis of carbohydrates

The intrinsic ability of amino acids to catalyze the asymmetric formation of carbohydrates, which enzymes have mediated for millions of years, with significant amplification of enantiomeric excess suggests a plausible ancient catalytic process for the evolution of homochirality.     

Characterization studies of some bi- and tetradentate bifunctionalSchiff base complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)

Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of some bifunctional arylidene-o-phenylenediamineSchiff bases have been prepared. Formation, stoichiometry and stability of the complexes have been tested in solution using electronic spectral measurements. Characterization of the complexes has been accomplished primarily by elemental analysis, molar conductance as well as electronic and IR spectral measurements. It is concluded that theo,o-hydroxy derivative (L ₁) acts as a bivalent ONNO tetradentate ligand while the molecules of the other derivatives (L ₂-L ₅) are coordinated to the metal ions as bidentate NN ligands. The Cu(II)-L ₁ complex is suggested to possess a tetrahedral geometry whereas the other complexes are suggested to exhibit a distarted octahedral geometry. The different bands observed in the electronic spectra of the complexes inDMF solutions have been assigned to the -*,L M CT and d-d electronic transitions.

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Untersuchungen zur Charakterisierung einiger zwei- und vierzähniger bifunktionellerSchiffbasen-Komplexe mit Co(II), Ni(II) und Cu(II)

Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Co(II)-, Ni(II)- und Cu(II)-Komplexe einiger bifunktioneller Aryliden-o-phenylendiamin-Schiffbasen hergestellt. Unter Verwendung elektronenspektroskopischer Methoden wurde die Bildung, Stöchiometrie und Stabilität der Komplexe in Lösung untersucht. Die Charakterisierung erfolgte mittels Elementaranalysen, Leitfähigkeitsmessungen und Elektronen- bzw. IR-Spektroskopie. Es wird darauf geschlossen, daß daso,o-HydroxyderivatL ₁ als bivalenter vierzähniger ONNO Ligand wirkt, während die anderen Derivate (L ₂-L ₅) als zweizähnige NN Liganden an die Metallionen koordiniert sind. Für den Cu(II)-L ₁ Komplex wird eine tetraedrische Geometrie vorgeschlagen, währenddessen die anderen Komplexe eine verzerrte octaedrische Geometrie aufweisen. Die in den Elektronenspektren der Komplexe inDMF-Lösung auftretenden Banden werden den -*,L M CT und d-d Elektronenübergängen zugeordnet.

     

An efficient synthesis of alkyl α-(hydroxymethyl)acrylates induced by DABCO in an aqueous medium

Alkyl α-(hydroxymethyl)acrylates are prepared in high yields on a synthetic scale by hydroxymethylation of the corresponding acrylates using 30% aqueous formaldehyde in THF or DME as solvent and DABCO as the catalyst.     

Synthesis and properties of iron(II) and iron(III) complexes with 3-(α,γ-dicarboxy-n-propylidene-hydrazino)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (DCPT)

Summary Proton-ligand formation constants ofDCPT and metal-ligand formation constants of its complexes with Fe(II) and Fe(III) have been determined potentiometrically at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C in 75% (v/v) dioxane-water at 0.10M ionic strength (KNO₃). The thermodynamic parameters G, H, and S have also been evaluated. The possibility of formingM(HL),M(HL)₂, andM(HL)₃ species was substantiated from potentiometric and electronic absorption measurements. The values of the stability constants logK _M(HL), log , and log derived from the spectrophotometric method are in good agreement with those obtained from potentiometric data. The use ofDCPT as an analytical reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron is discussed. The solid complexes have been characterized by chemical analysis and magnetic susceptibility, IR, NMR, and electronic spectral data.

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Synthese und Eigenschaften von Eisen(II)- und Eisen(III)-Komplexen mit 3-(,-Dicarboxy-n-propylidene-hydrazino)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin (DCPT)

Zusammenfassung Die Bildungskonstanten sowohl vonDCPT als auch seiner Komplexe mit Fe(II) und Fe(III) wurden bei 10, 20, 30 und 40°C in Dioxan-Wasser (75% (v/v)) bei einer lonenstärke von 0.1M KNO₃ potentiometrisch bestimmt. Zusätzlich wurden die thermodynamischen Parameter G, H und S ermittelt. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens von Komplexen der ArtM(HL),M(HL)₂ undM(HL)₃ wurde mittels potentiometrischer und absorptionsspektroskopischer Messungen erhärtet. Nach beiden Methoden ermittelte Stabilitätkonstanten stimmen gut überein. Die Verwendung vonDCPT als analytisches Reagens zur spektrophotometrischen Eisenbestimmung wird diskutiert. Die Komplexe konnten in Substanz hergestellt werden und wurden durch chemische Analyse und über ihre magnetischen und spektroskopischen Eigenschaften charakterisiert.

     

Use of arsenite reduction in potentiometric methods for arsenic(III) or higher valent lead,manganese, chromium,and vanadium in some industrial products

A simple, rapid, and reliable method is given for determination of As(III) based on arsenite reduction of alcoholic iodine and titration of the equivalent iodide with Hg(II) using silver amalgam as the indicator electrode. Arsenite reduction is applied to the estimation of lead in minium, manganese in duralumin, chromium in zinc chromate, and vanadium and chromium in ilmenite, the excess of arsenite being determined by the same method used for As(III). The endpoints are accurately determined with very satisfactory potential breaks.     

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of New vic-dioxime Complexes Bearing Carboxylate

Three new vic-dioxime ligands, [N-(ethyl-4-amino-1-piperidine carboxylate)-phenylglyoxime (L¹H₂), N-(ethyl-4-amino-1-piperidine carboxylate)-glyoxime (L²H₂), and N,N′-bis(ethyl-4-amino-1-piperidine carboxylate)-glyoxime (L³H₂)], and their Co(II) with Cu(II) metal complexes, were synthesized for the first time. Mononuclear complexes of these ligands with a 1:2 metal-ligand ratio were prepared with Co(II) and Cu(II) salts. The BF₂⁺-capped Co(II) and mononuclear complexes of the vic-dioxime were prepared for [Co(L¹·BF₂)₂] and [Co(L²·BF₂)₂]. The ligands act in a polydentate fashion bonding through nitrogen atoms in the presence of a base, as do most vic-dioximes. The cobalt(II) and copper(II) complexes are non-electrolytes as shown by their molar conductivities (Λ_M) in DMF. The structures of the ligands and complexes were determined by elemental analyses, FT-i.r., u.v.–vis., ¹H- and ¹³C-n.m.r. spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and molar conductivity. The comparative electrochemical studies show that the stabilities of the reduced or oxidized species and the electrode potentials of the complexes are affected by the substituents attached on the oxime moieties of the complexes.