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131.
Tiyaporn Luangpipat Isabel R. Beattie Yusuf Chisti Richard G. Haverkamp 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(12):6439-6445
An efficient biological route to production of gold nanoparticles which allows the nanoparticles to be easily recovered remains
elusive. Live cells of the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris were incubated with a solution of gold chloride and harvested by centrifugation. Nanoparticles inside intact cells were identified
by transmission electron microscopy and confirmed to be metallic gold by synchrotron based X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray
absorption spectroscopy. These intracellular gold nanoparticles were 40–60 nm in diameter. At a concentration of 1.4% Au in
the alga, a better than 97% recovery of the gold from solution was achieved. A maximum of 4.2% Au in the alga was obtained.
Exposure of C. vulgaris to solutions containing dissolved salts of palladium, ruthenium, and rhodium also resulted in the production of the corresponding
nanoparticles within the cells. These were surmised to be also metallic, but were produced at a much lower intracellular concentration
than achieved with gold. Iridium was apparently toxic to the alga. No nanoparticles were observed using platinum solutions.
C. vulgaris provides a possible route to large scale production of gold nanoparticles. 相似文献
132.
133.
The influence of previous exposure to ultraviolet-A radiation (UVA) was studied on the susceptibility of Enterobacter cloacae to undergo the growth delay effect. Comparison of growth curves corresponding to irradiated and control cells showed that a previous treatment with UVA almost abolished the growth delay effect. UV absorption spectra of tRNA, and reverse phase HPLC analysis of hydrolysed tRNA, demonstrated a low content of 4-thiouridine in E. cloacae cells grown after UVA exposure at low doses. Since 4-thiouridine is the UVA target responsible for initiation of growth delay, this observation explained the influence of previous exposure to UVA on the susceptibility of this organism to undergo growth delay. A similar but weaker alteration was found when Escherichia coli was assayed. The results suggest that, in addition to cross-linking with cytidine residues, the content of 4-thiouridine in tRNA may be modified by UVA by an unknown mechanism. 相似文献
134.
Becerril J Burguete MI Escuder B Luis SV Miravet JF Querol M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2002,(7):738-739
L-Valine containing cyclophanes have been shown to gelate organic solvents leading to soft materials with a clear expression of their chirality at the supramolecular level. 相似文献
135.
136.
Simons C Hanefeld U Arends IW Minnaard AJ Maschmeyer T Sheldon RA 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2004,(24):2830-2831
Rhodium-MonoPhos was successfully immobilised by ionic interactions on aluminosilicate AlTUD-1. The resulting new heterogeneous catalyst can be used in water and showed excellent enantioselectivity and activity in the asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl-2-acetamidoacrylate. 相似文献
137.
Gago S Pillinger M Valente AA Santos TM Rocha J Gonçalves IS 《Inorganic chemistry》2004,43(17):5422-5431
A Zn,Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) with Zn/Al = 1.45 and containing nitrate anions was prepared by coprecipitation and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Zn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS), thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR and FT Raman spectroscopy, and (27)Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. Three Zn...O and four Zn...M (M = Zn, Al) shells could be fitted to the low-temperature (40 K) EXAFS spectrum, in accordance with a model for an ordered cationic sheet. The nitrate anions were easily exchanged by 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylate anions, resulting in an increase in the basal spacing from 9 to 18 A. The basal spacing of the pillared derivative indicates that the anions are arranged with their longest dimension nearly perpendicular to the host layers. This material exhibits a high encapsulating ability, as evidenced by its interaction with a dichloromethane solution of the dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex MoO(2)Cl(2)(THF)(2). A material with a metal loading of 11.2 wt % was obtained. Molybdenum K-edge EXAFS analysis could not substantiate the formation of a supported complex of the type MoO(2)Cl(2)(N-N) but instead indicated the formation of unidentate-bridged entities of the type [O(2)Mo-O-MoO(2)] with a metal-metal separation of 3.29 A. The molybdenum-containing LDH was active as a catalyst for the liquid-phase epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene, 1-octene, and trans-2-octene using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxygen source, yielding the corresponding epoxides as the only products. For reactions carried out with no additional solvent (other than n-decane) or in the presence of 1,2-dichloroethane, the solid catalyst could be recycled with no major loss of activity. Other tests confirmed that the systems functioned as true heterogeneous catalysts. 相似文献
138.
139.
Angurell I Martínez-Ruiz I Rossell O Seco M Gómez-Sal P Martin A 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2004,(15):1712-1713
Tri(N-pyrrolyl)phosphine reacted with the sigma/pi complex [Pd(mu-Cl)(COD-MeO)]2 to give the octa-cycle [Pd(mu-Cl)[P(pyrl)3]]8 containing four Pd(I)-Pd(I) unbridged bonds. 相似文献
140.
tRNA sulfurtransferase activity was assayed in Escherichia coli cell extracts obtained from bacterial suspensions exposed to a sub-lethal dose of ultraviolet-A radiation (fluence 148 kJ m(-2)) imparted at a low fluence rate (41 W m(-2)). We found that the irradiation reduced the enzymatic activity to one fourth of the control value, indicating that ultraviolet-A exposure inhibits the synthesis of 4-thiouridine, the most abundant thionucleoside in E. coli tRNA. Changes in the tRNA content of 4-thiouridine and its derived photoproduct 5-(4'-pyrimidin 2'-one) cytosine were studied in bacteria growing under ultraviolet-A irradiation. In these conditions the accumulation of photoproduct was limited, and the kinetics of this process was non-coincident with disappearance of 4-thiouridine. The results, which are compatible with the fact that ultraviolet-A induces an inhibition of the 4-thiouridine synthesis, suggest that the effect of radiation on tRNA modification is relevant to tRNA photo-inactivation in growing bacteria. 相似文献