全文获取类型
收费全文 | 268652篇 |
免费 | 2418篇 |
国内免费 | 628篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 142936篇 |
晶体学 | 4170篇 |
力学 | 11937篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
数学 | 29630篇 |
物理学 | 83016篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 2339篇 |
2018年 | 3167篇 |
2017年 | 3153篇 |
2016年 | 4546篇 |
2015年 | 2722篇 |
2014年 | 4328篇 |
2013年 | 10820篇 |
2012年 | 8137篇 |
2011年 | 9986篇 |
2010年 | 7162篇 |
2009年 | 6941篇 |
2008年 | 9402篇 |
2007年 | 9616篇 |
2006年 | 8955篇 |
2005年 | 8148篇 |
2004年 | 7470篇 |
2003年 | 6790篇 |
2002年 | 6701篇 |
2001年 | 7338篇 |
2000年 | 5668篇 |
1999年 | 4382篇 |
1998年 | 3870篇 |
1997年 | 3856篇 |
1996年 | 3600篇 |
1995年 | 3336篇 |
1994年 | 3494篇 |
1993年 | 3190篇 |
1992年 | 3674篇 |
1991年 | 3671篇 |
1990年 | 3599篇 |
1989年 | 3459篇 |
1988年 | 3569篇 |
1987年 | 3464篇 |
1986年 | 3286篇 |
1985年 | 4361篇 |
1984年 | 4631篇 |
1983年 | 3872篇 |
1982年 | 4005篇 |
1981年 | 3931篇 |
1980年 | 3908篇 |
1979年 | 3878篇 |
1978年 | 4190篇 |
1977年 | 4107篇 |
1976年 | 4173篇 |
1975年 | 3849篇 |
1974年 | 3894篇 |
1973年 | 4050篇 |
1972年 | 2851篇 |
1971年 | 2378篇 |
1970年 | 2166篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 23 毫秒
91.
Design and development of a two‐dimensional system based on hydrophilic and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with on‐line sample treatment for the simultaneous separation of excreted xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites in urine
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Diego García‐Gómez Encarnación Rodríguez‐Gonzalo Rita Carabias‐Martínez 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2015,29(8):1190-1196
In the present work we describe a two‐dimensional liquid chromatographic system (2D‐LC) with detection by mass spectrometry (MS) for the simultaneous separation of endogenous metabolites of clinical interest and excreted xenobiotics deriving from exposure to toxic compounds. The 2D‐LC system involves two orthogonal chromatographic modes, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) to separate polar endogenous metabolites and reversed‐phase (RP) chromatography to separate excreted xenobiotics of low and intermediate polarity. Additionally, the present proposal has the novelty of incorporating an on‐line sample treatment based on the use of restricted access materials (RAMs), which permits the direct injection of urine samples into the system. The work is focused on the instrumental coupling, studying all possible options and attempting to circumvent the problems of solvent incompatibility between the RAM device and the two chromatographic columns, HILIC and RP. The instrumental configuration developed, RAM‐HILIC‐RPLC‐MS/MS, allows the simultaneous assessment of urinary metabolites of clinical interest and excreted compounds derived from exposure to toxic agents with minimal sample manipulation. Thus, it may be of interest in areas such as occupational and environmental toxicology in order to explore the possible relationship between the two types of compounds. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
92.
Andrey Vyacheslavovich Vasilyev Valeriya Sergeevna Kuznetsova Tatyana Borisovna Bukharova Timofei Evgenevich Grigoriev Yuriy Dmitrievich Zagoskin Irina Alekseevna Nedorubova Igor Ivanovich Babichenko Sergey Nicolaevich Chvalun Dmitry Vadimovich Goldstein Anatoliy Alekseevich Kulakov 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(2)
Compositions based on chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogels with highly porous polylactide granules can be used to obtain moldable bone graft materials that have osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. To eliminate the influence of such characteristics as chain length, degree of purification, and molecular weight on a designed material, the one-stock chitosan sample was reacetylated to degrees of deacetylation (DD%) of 19.5, 39, 49, 55, and 56. A study of the chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel with chitosan of a reduced DD% showed that a low degree of deacetylation increased the MSCs (multipotent stromal cells) viability rate in vitro and reduced the leukocyte infiltration in subcutaneous implantation to Wistar rats in vivo. The addition of 12 wt% polylactide granules resulted in optimal composite mechanical and moldable properties, and increased the modulus of elasticity of the hydrogel-based material by approximately 100 times. Excessive filling of the material with PLA (polylactide) granules (more than 20%) led to material destruction at a ~10% strain. Osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of the chitosan hydrogel-based material with reacetylated chitosan (39 DD%) and highly porous polylactide granules impregnated with BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2) have been demonstrated in models of orthotopic and ectopic bone formation. When implanted into a critical-size calvarial defect in rats, the optimal concentration of BMP-2 was 10 μg/mL: bone tissue areas filled the entire material’s thickness. Implantation of the material with 50 μg/mL BMP-2 was accompanied with excessive growth of bone tissue and material displacement beyond the defect. Significant osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of the material with 10 μg/mL of BMP-2 were also shown in subcutaneous implantation. 相似文献
93.
Dmitrievskii A. A. Zhigachev A. O. Zhigacheva D. G. Rodaev V. V. 《Technical Physics》2020,65(12):2016-2025
Technical Physics - The influence of SiO2 impurity (with a concentration varying from 0 to 10 mol %) on the stability of tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2) and on a set of micro- and macromechanical... 相似文献
94.
Russian Physics Journal - Using the potentials, generated by a tight binding approximation, the equilibrium atomic structure and the phonon spectra of Cr and Ni thin films (one monolayer) deposited... 相似文献
95.
96.
Yablokov M. Yu. Shchegolikhin A. N. Lebedev O. V. Goncharuk G. P. Ozerin A. N. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2021,70(9):1816-1821
Russian Chemical Bulletin - Gradient polymer composites were prepared by melt-mixing of carbon black and polypropylene in a compounder and subsequent hot pressing of pellets. The thermally treated... 相似文献
97.
Journal of Structural Chemistry - Thermodynamic characteristics are calculated for aqueous alkanolamine solutions that are obtained by substituting alkyl radicals for the protons in the amino group... 相似文献
98.
Experimental Mechanics - There have been relatively few studies on mechanical properties of nanomaterials under high strain rates, mainly due to the lack of capable nanomechanical testing devices.... 相似文献
99.
Immobilized Catalysts for Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Amination: Rate Enhancement by Immobilization
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Chandi C. Malakar Prof. Dr. Günter Helmchen 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(19):7127-7134
The first immobilized catalyst for Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic aminations is described. The catalyst is a cationic (π‐allyl)Ir complex bound by cation exchange to an anionic silica gel support. Preparation of the catalyst is facile, and the supported catalyst displayed considerably enhanced activity compared with the parent homogeneous catalyst. Up to 43 consecutive amination runs were possible in recycling experiments. 相似文献
100.
Gelikonov G. V. Ksenofontov S. Yu. Shilyagin P. A. Gelikonov V. M. 《Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics》2019,62(3):228-236
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics - We propose and experimentally test a numerical method for correction of the influence of fluctuations in the distance to objects during noncontact probing in... 相似文献