全文获取类型
收费全文 | 644篇 |
免费 | 39篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 469篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 13篇 |
数学 | 44篇 |
物理学 | 166篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 17篇 |
2022年 | 95篇 |
2021年 | 78篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 35篇 |
2017年 | 24篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 40篇 |
2013年 | 30篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 27篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 9篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有698条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Murtaza Hasan Ihsan Ullah Hina Zulfiqar Komal Naeem Arfa Iqbal Huma Gul Muhammad Ashfaq Nasir Mahmood 《Materials Today Chemistry》2018
Synthesis of nanomaterials is being gained extensive attention in the fields of chemistry, applied physics, catalysis, drug delivery and the most important in diagnosis and therapeutic applications. Recently, many reports have been published on physical and chemical synthesis of magnetic as well as metallic nanoparticles (NPs) with viable surface functionalization, but still there is a dire need of such strategies that can combine synthetic methodology with stable surface modification found in nature. Synthesis of NPs via biological methods is the possible way to solve these barriers. However, systematized summary and outlooks of NPs synthesis via biological entities with various influencing factors e.g. temperature, pH, concentration of reactants and reaction time has rarely been reported. This review will present the distinct advantages of biological synthesis of NPs over physical and chemical methods. It will also highlight the recent progress on synthesis of NPs via various biological systems i.e. plant, fungus, bacteria, and yeast. Furthermore, it will explain various factors that control the size, shape, and morphology of these NPs. Finally, it would present the future perspectives of green chemistry for the development of nano-science and -biotechnology. 相似文献
92.
Saeed Ullah Khattak Zafar Iqbal Irshad Ur Rehman Jamshaid Ahmad Abid Ali Khan 《Natural product research》2018,32(10):1212-1215
In the quest for bioactive natural products of fungal origin, Aspergillus flavus was isolated from rhizosphere of Mentha piperita using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Czapec Yeast Broth (CYB) nutrient media for metabolites production. In total, three different metabolites were purified using HPLC/LCMS and the structures were established using 500 Varian NMR experiments. Further the isolated metabolites in different concentrations (10, 100, 1000 μg/mL) were tested for herbicidal activity using Completely Randomized design (CRD) against the seeds of Silybum marianum and Avena fatua which are major threats to wheat crop in Pakistan. Among the isolated metabolites, one compound was found active against the test weed species whose activity is reported in the present work. The chemical name of the compound is 2-(1, 4-dihydroxybutan-2-yl)-1, 3-dihydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxyanthracene-9, 10(4aH, 9aH)-dione with mass of 388. Results showed that all seeds germinated in control treatment; however, with the metabolite treated, the growth was retarded to different levels in all parts of the weeds. At a dose of 1000 μg/mL of the pure compound, 100% seeds of S. marianum and 60% seeds of A. fatua were inhibited. Interestingly, the pure compound exhibited less inhibition of 10% towards the seeds of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). 相似文献
93.
Olcay Bekircan Zekeriya Bıyıklıoğlu Irfan Acar Hakan Bektas Halit Kantekin 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(21-22):3425-3429
The synthesis of metallophthalocyanines [6–9; M = Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and Cu(II)] with four 1,2,4-triazole units obtained from 4-{(4-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]amino}phthalonitrile (5) in the presence of dimethylaminoethanol and the corresponding anhydrous metal salts is described. The thermal stabilities of the Pc compounds were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The new compounds were characterized by a combination of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV–Vis, elemental analysis. 相似文献
94.
Munir Ullah Khan Safir Ullah Khan Xiaohan Cao Muhammad Usman Xinchen Yue Abdul Ghaffar Muhammad Hassan Prof. Chengjian Zhang Prof. Xinghong Zhang 《化学:亚洲杂志》2023,18(1):e202201050
This study demonstrates the superiority of a stable and well-defined heterogeneous cobalt hexacyanocobaltate (Co3[Co(CN)6]2), a typical cobalt Prussian Blue Analogue (CoCo-PBA) that catalyzes the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and propylene oxide (PO) to produce poly(propylene monothiocarbonate)s (PPMTC). The number-average molecular weights of the PPMTC were 66.4 to 139.4 kg/mol, with a polydispersity of 2.0–3.9. The catalyst productivity reached 1040 g polymer/g catalyst (12.0 h). The oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction (O/S ER), which would generate random thiocarbonate and carbonate units, was effectively suppressed, and thus the selectivity of the monothiocarbonate over carbonate linkages was up to >99%. It was shown that no cyclic thiocarbonate byproduct was produced during the heterogeneous catalysis of COS/PO copolymerization using CoCo-PBA as the catalyst. The content of monothiocarbonate and ether units in the copolymer chain could be regulated by tuning the feeding amount of COS. 相似文献
95.
Chinh Tam Le Daniel J. Clark Farman Ullah Velusamy Senthilkumar Joon I. Jang Yumin Sim Maeng‐Je Seong Koo‐Hyun Chung Hyoyeol Park Yong Soo Kim 《Annalen der Physik》2016,528(7-8):551-559
In this study, we utilized picosecond pulses from an Nd:YAG laser to investigate the nonlinear optical characteristics of monolayer MoSe2. Two‐step growth involving the selenization of pulsed‐laser‐deposited MoO3 film was employed to yield the MoSe2 monolayer on a SiO2/Si substrate. Raman scattering, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy verified the high optical quality of the monolayer. The second‐order susceptibility χ(2) was calculated to be ~50 pm V?1 at the second harmonic wavelength ~810 nm, which is near the optical gap of the monolayer. Interestingly, our wavelength‐dependent second harmonic scan can identify the bound excitonic states including negatively charged excitons much more efficiently, compared with the PL method at room temperature. Additionally, the MoSe2 monolayer exhibits a strong laser‐induced damage threshold ~16 GW cm?2 under picosecond‐pulse excitation. Our findings suggest that monolayer MoSe2 can be considered as a promising candidate for high‐power, thin‐film‐based nonlinear optical devices and applications. 相似文献
96.
A new class of glycolipids were generated by the incorporation of lipid entities at the C-6 position of D-glucose through oxidation of the primary hydroxyl group of tetrabenzylated D-glucose to form corresponding aldehyde, which in turn was subjected to Grignard reaction with C8 and C16 alkyl magnesium halides. The resulting lipidated secondary alcohol was further subjected to esterification with long-chain carboxylic acids to afford novel glycolipids. All of the derivatives 4a–b, 6a–d, and 8a–b exhibited low cytotoxicity and induced strong T and B cell proliferation and IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ expression from stimulated splenocyte culture, signifying their potent immunostimulating activity. 相似文献
97.
Rabia Akhtar Muhammad Yousaf Syed Ali Raza Naqvi Muhammad Irfan Abdullah Ijaz Hussain 《合成通讯》2016,46(23):1849-1879
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that plays an important role in inhibiting the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Medicinal chemists are extensively involved in the synthesis of novel ciprofloxacin derivatives, in search of new ciprofloxacin-based drugs with enhanced activity. This review article summarizes the major synthetic approaches involved in the synthesis of ciprofloxacin-based molecules. 相似文献
98.
Inside Cover: Pt3Co Octapods as Superior Catalysts of CO2 Hydrogenation (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 33/2016)
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
99.
M.Iqbal Choudhary Irfan Baig M. Nur‐e‐Alam S. Shahzad‐ul‐Hussan Purev
ndognii M. Bunderya Z. Oyun Atta‐ur‐Rahman 《Helvetica chimica acta》2001,84(8):2409-2416
The four new and four known sesquiterpenoid derivatives 1 – 4 and 5 – 8 , respectively, were isolated from the air‐dried roots of Ferula mongolica. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods and found to be rel‐(2R,3R)‐2‐[(3E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐3,7‐dienyl]‐3,4‐dihydro‐3,8‐dihydroxy‐2‐methyl‐2H,5H‐pyrano[2,3‐b][1]benzopyran‐5‐one ( 1 ), rel‐(2R,3R)‐2‐[(3E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐3,7‐dienyl]‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐hydroxy‐2,3‐dimethyl‐4H‐furo[2,3‐b][1]benzopyran‐4‐one ( 2 ), rel‐(2R,3R)‐2‐[(3E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐3,7‐dienyl]‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐hydroxy‐2,3‐dimethyl‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c][1]benzopyran‐4‐one ( 3 ), rel‐(2R,3R)‐2‐[(3E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐3,7‐dienyl]‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐methoxy‐2,3‐dimethyl‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c][1]benzopyran‐4‐one ( 4 ), (4E,8E)‐1‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxyphenyl)‐5,9,13‐trimethyltetradeca‐4,8,12‐trien‐1‐one ( 5 ), the rel‐(2R,3S) diastereoisomer 6 of 2 , the rel‐(2R,3S) diastereoisomer 7 of 4 , and (4E,8E)‐1‐(2,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐5,9,13‐trimethyltetradeca‐4,8,12‐trien‐1‐one ( 8 ). These compounds were tested as inhibitors against the enzyme α‐glucosidase. The compounds 1 – 6 and 8 exhibited significant inhibitory activity and, therefore, represent a new class of α‐glucosidase inhibitors. 相似文献
100.
Aftab Shaukat Irfan Shaukat Shahid Ali Rajput Rizwan Shukat Sana Hanif Imran Shaukat Xinxin Zhang Chao Chen Xuyang Sun Tingzhu Ye Kaifeng Niu Zhiqiu Yao Shadab Shaukat Muhammad Safdar Mohamed Abdelrahman Umair Riaz Junwei Zhao Xiaoying Gu Liguo Yang 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(23)
Endometritis is the inflammatory response of the endometrial lining of the uterus and is associated with low conception rates, early embryonic mortality, and prolonged inter-calving intervals, and thus poses huge economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GnRb1) is a natural compound obtained from the roots of Panax ginseng, having several pharmacological and biological properties. However, the anti-inflammatory properties of GnRb1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged endometritis through the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway has not yet been researched. This study was planned to evaluate the mechanisms of how GnRb1 rescues LPS-induced endometritis. In the present research, histopathological findings revealed that GnRb1 ameliorated LPS-triggered uterine injury. The ELISA and RT-qPCR assay findings indicated that GnRb1 suppressed the expression level of pro-inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and boosted the level of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine. Furthermore, the molecular study suggested that GnRb1 attenuated TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling. The results demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of GnRb1 in the mouse model of LPS-triggered endometritis via the inhibition of the TLR4-associated NF-κB pathway. Taken together, this study provides a baseline for the protective effect of GnRb1 to treat endometritis in both humans and animals. 相似文献