Homogenization of magneto-electro-elastic multilaminated materials

In this work, based on the periodic unfolding homogenizationtechnique, the limiting equations modelling the behaviour ofthree-dimensional magneto-electro-elastic periodic structuresare rigorously established. The local problems and the correspondinghomogenized coefficients of the elastic, dielectric, magneticpermittivity, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic and magneto-electric(ME) tensors are explicitly described. The homogenization modelis exemplified for laminated composites and a unified generalformula for all effective properties of periodic multilaminatedmagneto-electro-elastic composites is obtained. This formulais applied to investigate the global behaviour for the importantcase of transversely isotropic constituents and any finite numberof layers in each periodic cell. Examples that provide theoreticalevidence of the presence of both a product property and theME effect are given.     

UV–visible spectroscopy for zirconocene activation by MAO in olefin polymerization: activity versus wavenumber

Activation of ansa‐zirconocenes of the type Rac [Zr{1‐Me₂Si(3‐R‐(η⁵‐C₉H₅))(3‐R′‐(η⁵‐C₉H₅))}Cl₂] [R = Et, R′ = H ( 1 ); R = Pr, R′ = H ( 2 ); and R = Et, R′ = Pr ( 3 ), R, R′ = Me ( 4 ) and R, R′ = Bu ( 5 )] by MAO has been studied by UV–visible spectroscopy. Compounds 1–3 have been tested in the polymerization of ethylene at different Al:Zr ratios. UV–vis spectroscopy was used to determine a correlation between the electronic structures of ( 1–5 ) and their polymerization activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Single and double A3-coupling (aldehyde-amine-alkyne) reaction catalyzed by an air stable copper(I)-phosphole complex

An air stable copper(I)-phosphole complex, [CuCl{2,5-bis(2-thienyl)-1-phenylphosphole}₂] (1), was utilized as a catalyst in single and double A³-coupling reactions for preparing mono- and bi-propargylamines. A variety of aldehydes, amines and terminal alkynes were tested. Most of these reactions led to formation of the expected propargylamines in good yields using low amounts catalyst and obviating both the use of purified reagents as employ of a glovebox.     

Nuclear data for the cyclotron production of ~（117）Sb and ~（90）Nb

This presented study is to make comparison of cross sections to produce ¹¹⁷Sb and ⁹⁰Nb via different reactions with particle incident energy up to 70 MeV as a part of systematic studies on particle-induced activations on enriched Sn, Y₂O₃ and ZrO₂ targets, theoretical calculation of production yield, calculation of required thickness of target and suggestion of optimum reaction to produce Antimony-117 and Niobium-90.     

Proximal methods in reflexive Banach spaces without monotonicity

We introduce the concept of hypomonotone point-to-set operators in Banach spaces, with respect to a regularizing function. This notion coincides with the one given by Rockafellar and Wets in Hilbertian spaces, when the regularizing function is the square of the norm. We study the associated proximal mapping, which leads to a hybrid proximal-extragradient and proximal-projection methods for nonmonotone operators in reflexive Banach spaces. These methods allow for inexact solution of the proximal subproblems with relative error criteria. We then consider the notion of local hypomonotonicity and propose localized versions of the algorithms, which are locally convergent.     

Melamine-(H_2SO_4)_3 and PVP-(H_2SO_4)_n as solid acids:Synthesis and application in the first mono-and di-nitration of bisphenol A and other phenols

Melamine and poly vinylpyrrolidone（PVP） reacted with neat sulfuric acid readily to form two new organic solid acids namely melamine-（H₂SO₄）₃ and PVP-（H₂SO₄）_n.These solid acids were used for the first nitration of bisphenol A as well as other phenols in the presence of NH₄NO₃.Mono- and di-nitro bisphenol A have been characterized with IR and ¹H NMR techniques.