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41.
Studies on the encapsulation of diclofenac in small unilamellar liposomes of soya phosphatidylcholine 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Lopes LB Scarpa MV Silva GV Rodrigues DC Santilli CV Oliveira AG 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2004,39(4):151-158
The encapsulation of acid (AD) and sodium diclofenac (SD) in small unilamellar liposomes (SUV) as well as the interactions of the drug with the bilayer was studied. SUV was prepared by sonication from multilamellar liposomes containing soya phosphatidylcholine and diclofenac at various proportions. The size distribution obtained from dynamic light scattering showed that the incorporation of SD decreases significantly the size of the liposomes suggesting that the drug interacts with the bilayer of the liposomes. This size decrease is related with the phase transition of liposomes to mixed micelar solution. The encapsulation of the hydrophilic dye indocyanine green in the aqueous compartment of liposomes showed that the rate of captured dye decreases with SD concentration suggesting the transition of liposomes to mixed micelles. The (31)P NMR analysis indicates that SD interacts with the phosphate of phosphatidylcholine head groups. A schematic model for interaction of SD with phosphatidylcholine of the liposomes in which the diclofenac anion interacts with the ammonium group of the phospholipid and the dichlorophenyl ring occupies a more internal site of bilayer near phosphate group was proposed. 相似文献
42.
A two-dimensional model is developed to describe the hydrodynamics, heat transfer and adsorption phenomena associated with the adsorptive storage of natural gas (NG) in cylindrical reservoirs. Intraparticle and film resistances to both heat and mass transfer are neglected. In the momentum equation, Ergun's law is considered locally valid and is extended to two dimensions. These assumptions are fully justified in the paper. Numerical results are presented concerning the pressurization and blowdown of an ultra-lightweight 50 litre cylinder, commercially available for the storage of compressed NG, if it were filled with an activated carbon having a good adsorptive storage capacity. A simple formula is also proposed to predict the filling times for fast charges. The predicted temperature changes in the packed-bed are in good agreement with those reported in the literature for an experimental charge/discharge. 相似文献
43.
José-francisco Rodrigues 《manuscripta mathematica》1984,46(1-3):65-82
The homogenization of the dam problem is discussed in the general weak formulation by means of the technique of correctors. In the two special cases of horizontal layers and of the isotropic coefficients with separated variables the problem is solved. However, in general, the unsaturated region is not stable for the homogenization, as a counterexample by Alt shows. 相似文献
44.
45.
Preconcentration Systems Using Polyurethane Foam/Me-BDBD for Determination of Copper in Food Samples
Valfredo Azevedo Lemos Daniel Rodrigues Vieira Cleber Galvão Novaes Marcelo Eça Rocha Moacy Selis Santos Regina Terumi Yamaki 《Mikrochimica acta》2006,153(3-4):193-201
A new reagent, 6-[2′-(6′-methyl-benzothiazolylazo)]-1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-benzenedisulfonic acid (Me-BDBD), was synthesised and
used in on-line and off-line systems for copper preconcentration by solid-phase extraction. Spectrophotometry and Flame Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) were the detection techniques. Polyurethane foam loaded with Me-BDBD packed in a minicolumn
was used as sorbent in both systems. The spectral characteristics of Me-BDBD were investigated. The optimum pH values for
maximum sorption of the metal are between 7.0 and 8.5. Copper was desorbed with 0.05 and 0.50 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid solutions, for on-line and off-line systems, respectively. The effects of several foreign substances on
the adsorption of copper are reported. The enrichment factors obtained were 7 (on-line) and 26 (off-line) for the systems.
The proposed procedures allowed the determination of copper with detection limits of 3.4 and 1.4 μg L−1 (0.85 and 0.35 μg per gram of sample) for on-line and off-line systems, respectively. The precision of the procedures was
also calculated: 3.2 (on-line) and 1.9% (off-line). The validation of the procedures was carried out by analysis of certified
reference material. The copper contents in corn and rice flour and black tea samples were determined by applying the proposed
procedures. 相似文献
46.
Ingrid Daubechies 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》1984,94(4):523-535
We discuss the discrete spectrum of the operator $$H_K (c) = \left[ { - \hbar ^2 c^2 \Delta + m^2 c^4 } \right]^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} - \sum\limits_{k = 1}^K {Z_k e^2 \left| {x - R_k } \right|^{ - 1} } $$ . More specifically, we study 1) the behaviour of the eigenvalues when the internuclear distances contract, 2) the existence of ac-independent lower bound forH K (c)?mc 2, 3) the nonrelativistic limit of the eigenvalues ofH K (c)?mc 2. 相似文献
47.
Ingrid Fischler Rosi Wagner Ernst A.Koerner Von Gustorf 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1976,112(2):155-165
The photochemical reaction of the trinuclear complex Fe3(CO)10NSi(CH3)3 under hydrogen leads to substitution of the bridging carbonyl group by two hydrogens. The resulting complex H2Fe3(CO)9NSi(CH3)3 acts as a catalyst in the photochemical hydrogenation of olefins and dienes. 相似文献
48.
Rodrigues JA Abramovitch RA de Sousa JD Leiva GC 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2004,69(9):2920-2928
In preliminary communications, we reported the diastereoselective synthesis of cularine and sarcocapnine via the intramolecular ring closure of nitrenium and oxenium ions, a new highly diastereoselective reductive methylation with (+)-8-phenylmenthyl chloroacetate followed by reduction with sodium borohydride, and a facile entry to the isoquinoline precursors by aza-Wittig electrocyclic ring closure. We now report the full details of the syntheses of (+)-O-demethylcularine, (+)-cularine, (+)-sarcocapnidine, (+)-sarcocapnine, and (+)-crassifoline and describe different methods of synthesis of their precursors. 相似文献
49.
M. E. Rogers T. E. Glass S. J. Mecham D. Rodrigues G. L. Wilkes J. E. McGrath 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(14):2663-2675
New strategies for the synthesis of perfectly alternating segmented polyimide-polydimethyl siloxane copolymers were developed by utilizing a transimidization method. Imide oligomers endcapped with 2-aminopyrimidine were reacted with aminopropyl terminated (dimethyl siloxane) oligomers to afford perfectly alternating segmented imide siloxane copolymers. The polymerization was conducted in solvents such as chlorobenzene and chlorofrom. High molecular weight, fully imidized perfectly alternating segmented imide siloxane copolymers were obtained within 2 h at temperatures of 60-110°C. The mechanism of the reaction was further elucidated via model compounds and NMR characterization. The block copolymers exhibited two Tgs due to the microphase separation of the polyimide and polysiloxane phases. The Tg of the polyimide phase was a function of the length of the polyimide block. However, partial phase mixing was also evident from the DSC results on the imide siloxane copolymers prepared with low molecular weight polyimide segments. Thermooxidative stability and tensile properties of the perfectly alternating segmented imide siloxane copolymers were found to be principally dependent on the amount of poly (dimethyl siloxane) incorporated in the copolymer and did not correlate with the poly (dimethyl siloxane) or polyimide block lengths. The stress-strain behavior of both solvent cast films or molded films is also reported. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
50.
R. Furler Ingrid E. C. P. M. Licht J. K. L. Offenberg H. L. Polak 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1975,25(2):255-260
Studies are reported to illustrate surface adsorption of144Ce,59Fe,234Th,233U,237Np,239Pu and241Am on a dextran gel made by crosslinkage of the polysaccharide dextran (Sephadex). Fixation of such elements was studied from
aqueous solution and was found to depend on pH, age of the tracer solution, hydrolytic behaviour of the adsorbed species,
concentration and the valency of the adsorbed element. 相似文献