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101.
Flaw detection near the interface surface is a common problem in many pulse-echo NDT applications due to interference with the interface echo, orders of magnitude above the flaw echoes. Several digital signal processing techniques like deconvolution, Hilbert transform and cepstrum analysis have been proposed to improve axial resolution. However, they require strict linearity, which takes a large portion of the system dynamic range just to fit the interface echo, thus reducing the dynamic range available for flaw detection. This work presents a new alternative based on the time-domain phase analysis of the received signals. Differently from conventional approaches, it works quite well with saturated signals resulting when a high gain is applied to detect small flaws. These can be detected in a range of a fraction of one wavelength from the interface surface, even using narrow-band transducers, as it has been experimentally verified. The method can be easily hardware implemented for real-time processing. 相似文献
102.
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104.
Alexander N. Titov Ingrid Bryntse Svetlana G. Titova Nadezhda V. Toporova 《Solid State Ionics》2001,140(3-4):293-300
The reaction between metallic Ag and PbS1.18(TiS2)n, n=1, 2, misfit layer compounds has been investigated by electrochemical technique, X-ray powder analysis and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that silver intercalation is possible only in the compound with n=2. The thermodynamic behavior and location of phase boundaries were studied in the temperature range 400–650 K. DC-conductivity and magnetic-susceptibility measurements were performed, and the data can be interpreted as an appearance of small polarons during silver insertion. 相似文献
105.
106.
An upper bound on the Ramsey number r(K2,n‐s,K2,n) where s ≥ 2 is presented. Considering certain r(K2,n‐s,K2,n)‐colorings obtained from strongly regular graphs, we additionally prove that this bound matches the exact value of r(K2,n‐s,K2,n) in infinitely many cases if holds. Moreover, the asymptotic behavior of r(K2,m,K2,n) is studied for n being sufficiently large depending on m. We conclude with a table of all known Ramsey numbers r(K2,m,K2,n) where m,n ≤ 10. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 252–268, 2003 相似文献
107.
Ingrid Luyten RobertM. Esnouf SergeyN. Mikhailov EkaterinaV. Efimtseva Paul Michiels HansA. Heus CeesW. Hilbers Piet Herdewijn 《Helvetica chimica acta》2000,83(6):1278-1289
The solution structure of the self‐complementary deca‐ribonucleotide 5′‐r(GCGA*AUUCGC)‐3′ containing 9‐[2‐O‐(β‐D ‐ribofuranosyl)‐β‐D ‐ribofuranosyl]adenine (A*), a modified nucleotide that occurs in lower eukaryotic methionine initiator tRNAs (tRNAsiMet), was determined by NMR spectroscopy. Unexpectedly, the modification has no effect on the thermal stability of the duplex. However, the extra ribose moiety is in the C(3′)‐endo conformation and takes up a well‐defined position in the minor groove, which is in agreement with its position in tRNAsiMet as determined by X‐ray crystallography. Molecular‐dynamics simulations on the RNA duplex in H2O show that the position of the extra ribofuranose moiety seems to be stabilized by bridged H‐bonds (mediated by two H2O molecules) to the backbone of the complementary chain. 相似文献
108.
Dr. Uttam Chakraborty Patrick Bügel Lorena Fritsch Dr. Florian Weigend Prof. Dr. Matthias Bauer Prof. Dr. Axel Jacobi von Wangelin 《ChemistryOpen》2021,10(2):265-271
The controlled assembly of well-defined planar nanoclusters from molecular precursors is synthetically challenging and often plagued by the predominant formation of 3D-structures and nanoparticles. Herein, we report planar iron hydride nanoclusters from reactions of main group element hydrides with iron(II) bis(hexamethyldisilazide). The structures and properties of isolated Fe4, Fe6, and Fe7 nanoplatelets and calculated intermediates enable an unprecedented insight into the underlying building principle and growth mechanism of iron clusters, metal monolayers, and nanoparticles. 相似文献
109.
Oliver Brücher Uwe Bergsträßer Harald Kelm Jens Hartung Marco Greb Ingrid Svoboda Hartmut Fuess 《Tetrahedron》2012,68(34):6968-6980
A cascade, composed of (i) oxovanadium(V)-catalyzed oxidation of bromide by tert-butyl hydroperoxide and (ii) stereoselective 6-endo-bromocyclization, affords 3-bromo-2-aryl-2,6,6-trimethyltetrahydropyrans from styrene-type tertiary alkenols in synthetically useful yields. (E)-Alkenols add the bromo- and the alkoxy substituent anti-selectively across the double bond, indicating a bromonium ion-mechanism for the ring closure. 6-endo-control of the alkenol cyclization thereby arises from the polar effect of the aryl substituent. Two methyl substituents bound to the alkene terminus are not similarly able to favor 6-endo-cyclization, because strain arising from methyl group repulsion, as the bromonium-activated π-bond and the hydroxyl oxygen approach, directs bromocyclization of tertiary prenyl-type substrates toward tetrahydrofuran formation. A hexasubstituted bromotetrahydropyran prepared from the oxidation/bromocyclization cascade served as starting material for synthesis of racemic aplysiapyranoid A, in a sequence of free radical and polar functional group interconversion. 相似文献
110.
Sandra Hildebrandt Andreas Eva Philipp Komissinskiy Claudia Fasel Ingo Fritsch Lambert Alff 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2012,63(3):307-314
Sodium and lithium cobaltates are important materials for thermoelectric and battery applications due to their large thermoelectric power and ability to (de-) intercalate the alkali metal. For these applications, phase pure materials with controlled microstructure are required. We report on the sol?Cgel synthesis of sodium- and lithium-based materials by using acetate precursors. The produced Na2/3CoO2, Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2, and Li(Ni1/2Co1/2)O2 powders are phase pure with grain sizes below 1???m. X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive spectral analyses show that the cation stoichiometry is preserved in the lithium-based compounds. Despite the low temperatures, the sodium content is reduced by 1/3 as compared to the initial value. Chemical phases of the investigated powders are formed in the sol?Cgel route at temperatures typically 100?C200?K lower than those used in the conventional solid-state synthesis of these materials. The suggested sol?Cgel synthesis is a low temperature process suited for production of phase pure and homogeneous materials with volatile cations. 相似文献