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11.
Habenaria edgeworthii Hook. f. ex Collett is an important terrestrial orchid used in different Ayurvedic formulations. In the present study, variations among morphological, phytochemical and molecular markers were assessed. A significant difference was observed among populations using morphological traits. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) data revealed lower genetic diversity at population level (He = 0.207) as compared to species level (He = 0.334). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates 74 % variation among populations and 26 % within population. Tuber extracts showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenolics and flavonoids among the populations. Antioxidant activity determined by 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays exhibited considerable antioxidant potential. Furthermore, the associations between molecular and morphological and phytochemical attributes were studied using multiple regression analysis (MRA). Several ISSR fragments were associated with some morphological and phytochemical traits. These ISSR fragments can be useful for breeding programme of the species when no other genetic information, such as linkage maps and quantitative trait loci, is available.  相似文献   
12.
Structural Chemistry - Quantum chemical calculations have been performed at the M06–2X/6–31G(d,p) level of theory to investigate the strength and nature of interactions between the...  相似文献   
13.
Herein, we report a Mott-Schottky catalyst by entrapping cobalt nanoparticles inside the N-doped graphene shell (Co@NC). The Co@NC delivered excellent oxygen evolution activity with an overpotential of merely 248 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 with promising long-term stability. The importance of Co encapsulated in NC has further been demonstrated by synthesizing Co nanoparticles without NC shell. The synergy between the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Co plays a major role to improve the OER activity, whereas the NC shell optimizes the electronic structure, improves the electron conductivity, and offers a large number of active sites in Co@NC. The density functional theory calculations have revealed that the hcp Co has a dominant role in the surface reaction of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, whereas the fcc phase induces the built-in electric field at the interfaces with N-doped graphene to accelerate the H+ ion transport.  相似文献   
14.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may become ideal reinforcing materials for high-performance nano-composites due their exceptional properties. Still, much work is needed to be done before the potentials of CNT based composites can be fully realized. The evaluation of effective material properties of nano-composites is one of many difficult tasks. Simulations using continuum mechanics approach can play a significant role in the analysis of these composites. In the present work, nonlinear heat conduction analysis of CNT based composites has been carried out using continuum mechanics approach. Element free Galerkin method has been applied as a numerical tool. Thermal conductivities of nanotube and polymer matrix are assumed to vary quadratically with temperature. Picard and quasi-linearization schemes have been utilized to obtain the solution of a system of nonlinear equations. Cylindrical representative volume element has been used to evaluate the thermal properties of nano-composites. Present simulations show that the temperature dependent matrix thermal conductivity has a significant effect on the equivalent thermal conductivity of the composite, whereas temperature dependent nanotube thermal conductivity has a small effect on the equivalent thermal conductivity of the composite. The results obtained by Picard method have been found almost similar with those obtained by quasi-linearization approach.  相似文献   
15.
The densities and speeds of sound for binary mixtures containing the solute ionic liquid (IL) methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MOA]+[Tf2N]), solute/solvent methanol, and solvent methyl acetate have been measured at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K at atmospheric pressure. The binary mixtures studied are ([MOA]+[Tf2N] + methyl acetate or methanol), and (methanol + methyl acetate). The apparent molar volume, V φ and the apparent molar isentropic compressibility, k φ , have been evaluated from the experimental density and speed of sound data, respectively. The parameters of a Redlich–Mayer type equation were fitted to the apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compressibility data. The apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compressibility at infinite dilution, Vf0V_{\phi}^{0} and kf0k_{\phi}^{0}, respectively, of the binary solutions have also been calculated at each temperature. The infinite dilution apparent molar volume indicates that intermolecular interactions for (IL + methyl acetate) mixtures are stronger than for (IL + methanol) mixtures at all temperatures except at 298.15 K, and that Vf0V_{\phi}^{0} for the (IL + methyl acetate or methanol) binary systems increases with an increase in temperature. For the (methanol + methyl acetate) system the intermolecular interaction are weaker and Vf0V_{\phi}^{0} also increases with an increase in temperature. Values of the infinite dilution apparent molar expansibility, Ef0E_{\phi}^{0}, indicate that the interaction between (IL + methyl acetate) is greater than for (IL + methanol) and (methanol + methyl acetate).  相似文献   
16.
Three novel diterpene glycosides were isolated for the first time from the commercial extract of the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, along with several known steviol glycosides, namely stevioside, rebaudiosides A-F, rubusoside and dulcoside A. The new compounds were identified as 13-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy] ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid, 13-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-16β-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid and 13-methyl-16-oxo-17-nor-ent-kauran-19-oic acid-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester on the basis of extensive 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data as well as chemical studies.  相似文献   
17.

Background

Accidental autoclaving of L-glutamine was found to facilitate the Agrobacterium infection of a non host plant like tea in an earlier study. In the present communication, we elucidate the structural changes in L-glutamine due to autoclaving and also confirm the role of heat transformed L-glutamine in Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of host/non host plants.

Results

When autoclaved at 121°C and 15 psi for 20 or 40 min, L-glutamine was structurally modified into 5-oxo proline and 3-amino glutarimide (α-amino glutarimide), respectively. Of the two autoclaved products, only α-amino glutarimide facilitated Agrobacterium infection of a number of resistant to susceptible plants. However, the compound did not have any vir gene inducing property.

Conclusions

We report a one pot autoclave process for the synthesis of 5-oxo proline and α-amino glutarimide from L-glutamine. Xenobiotic detoxifying property of α-amino glutarimide is also proposed.  相似文献   
18.
C6H5IO in CH3OH-H20 is activated towards electrophilic attack upon various alkenes by Fe(ClO4).9H2O, FE(III) bleomycin and ZN(II) bleomycin. The results imply that direct transfer of oxygen from an Fe(V)=0 intermediate is not required in the mechanism of oxygenation by iron-containing species, and that much earlier work is questionable as models for biological oxygenation.  相似文献   
19.
Some polishing experiments have been carried out on copper anodes in a hyperbolic cell designed by Gilmont and Walton, using orthophosphoric acid as the electrolyte. The results obtained have been compared to those obtained in similar experiments in a Hull cell. It has been found that very similar bands of different reflectivity and polishes are found to form in both the cells. These bands shift with time and a study of such displacements has been made. The results are briefly discussed.  相似文献   
20.
ABSTRACT

In the present work, effects of silicon negative ion implantation into semi-insulating gallium arsenide (GaAs) samples with fluences varying between 1?×?1015 and 4?×?1017?ions?cm?2 at 100?keV have been described. Atomic force microscopic images obtained from samples implanted with fluence up to 1?×?1017?ion?cm?2 showed the formation of GaAs clusters on the surface of the sample. The shape, size and density of these clusters were found to depend on ion fluence. Whereas sample implanted at higher fluence of 4?×?1017?ions?cm?2 showed bump of arbitrary shapes due to cumulative effect of multiple silicon ion impact with GaAs on the same place. GXRD study revealed formation of silicon crystallites in the gallium arsenide sample after implantation. The silicon crystallite size estimated from the full width at half maxima of silicon (111) XRD peak using Debye-Scherrer formula was found to vary between 1.72 and 1.87?nm with respect to ion fluence. Hall measurement revealed the formation of n-type layer in gallium arsenide samples. The current–voltage measurement of the sample implanted with different fluences exhibited the diode like behavior.  相似文献   
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