Adaptation of an echelle spectrograph to a large CCD detector

A broad range echelle spectrograph with a CCD matrix detector is developed for different applications in atomic spectroscopy. The compact optical design in combination with a dispersive entrance slit illumination offers a low stray light level and high throughput in the UV spectral region comparable only with spectrographs of higher focal length. Ray tracing calculations for typical wavelengths and the multi-line spectrum of an iron arc show the excellent overall spectrum quality. The subtraction of two partial spectra of different steel alloys demonstrates the spectra evaluation possibilities of the CCD spectrograph.     

A notch filter for 140 GHz microwave radiation

The construction of a notch-filter for 140 GHz with very low passband insertion loss is described. It is based on a single-mode rectangular waveguide and cylindrical cavities matched to it. The typical transmission characteristic is also presented.     

Corner spontaneous magnetization

Details are given of a new method allowing an exact calculation of the spontaneous magnetization in the corner as well as along the edge at an arbitrary distance of the corner for a rectangular planar Ising ferromagnet.     

One-dimensional fluid and circuit simulation of an AC plasmadisplay cell

A one-dimensional multispecies model of a helium filled AC plasma display cell is described. The model includes a continuity equation for each species. Poisson's equation and a circuit equation. The fill gas is helium for which the cross sections for ionization and excitation for the various atomic states are well known. The reaction rates for the different species were parametrized as functions of E/N using a zero-dimensional spatial and two velocity multispecies Boltzmann kinetic code. Calculations are performed using address and sustain voltages operating at a frequency of 50 kHz to model the pulse behavior of a dielectric barrier discharge which occurs over a time scale on the order of 200 ns or less. The code simulates multipulse behavior and shows reasonably good agreement with experimental data. The simulations show that the circuit filters out the discharge dynamics and that the pulse width of the discharge current depends on the circuit RC time constant. Using a 123 V sustain voltage, the calculated discharge current is 0.4 A with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 28 ns. Experimental values using a 120 V sustain voltage are 0.32 A discharge current and 42 ns FWHM     

Rotational temperature and density measurements in a hypersonic flow by dual-line CARS

Rotational temperature and nitrogen number density are measured in the shock wave/boundary layer interaction region in the vicinity of a two-dimensional compression corner disposed in a low pressure, 55 K, Mach 10 hypersonic air flow. Spatially-resolved data are recorded using a nonlinear optical technique named dual-line coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (DLCARS). Averaged temperature and density profiles are compared with those predicted by a Navier-Stokes solver. Good agreement is found.     

Liquid crystal properties of some substituted pyrazines

A number of biphenyl, terphenyl analogues and ethynes which contain a pyrazine ring have been made and their liquid crystal transition temperatures, together with examples of birefringence measurements, are reported. All the 2,5-disubstituted pyrazine systems are liquid crystalline showing high birefringence values for the biphenyl and terphenyl analogues, whereas the 1,5-disubstituted systems are not liquid crystalline. The pyrazine ethyne systems exhibit very high birefringence values. X-ray diffraction has been used to identify the liquid crystal phases of 2-n-nonyloxy-5-(4'-propylbiphenyl-4-yl)pyrazine.     

Uniqueness of form factors for the reduced sine-Gordon model

Using certain asymptotic conditions, we prove the uniqueness of the form factors of the energy-momentum tensor for the reduced sine-Gordon model (2/3) (RSG(2/3)). Bibliography: 5 titles. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 199, 1992, pp. 177–181. Translated by I. A. Izergina.     

Hydrodynamical limit for a Hamiltonian system with weak noise

Starting from a general hamiltonian system with superstable pairwise potential, we construct a stochastic dynamics by adding a noise term which exchanges the momenta of nearby particles. We prolve that, in the scaling limit, the time conserved quantities, energy, momenta and density, satisfy the Euler equation of conservation laws up to a fixed timet provided that the Euler equation has a smooth solution with a given initial data up to timet. The strength of the noise term is chosen to be very small (but nonvanishing) so that it disappears in the scaling limit.Research partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DMS 89001682, DMS 920-1222 and a grant from ARO, DAAL03-92-G-0317Research partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DMS-9101196, DMS-9100383, and PHY-9019433-A01, Sloan Foundation Fellowship and David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship     

Plant polysaccharides I. Polysaccharides ofLagochilus and their biological activity

Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 313–314, March–April, 1995. Original article submitted November 7, 1994.     

Quasi-Symmetric Designs with Good Blocks

The article is concerned with a characterization of quasi-symmetric (QS) designs with intersection numbers 0 and y. It uses the idea of a good block. Such a block G has the property that for any block B with |G ∩ B| = y, every point is on a block containing G ∩ B. It is proved that if a QS design II with intersection numbers 0 and y has a good block, then II must (i) be affine, symmetric, a linear space or (ii) have one of two possible exceptional parameter sets. Only one example is known in case (ii). If all blocks of II are good and II is not a linear space, then it is a projective or affine geometry or it is an extension (in a more general sense than usual) of a projective plane of order y² or y³+ y. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.