On the metric dimension of barycentric subdivision of Cayley graphs

Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series - In a connected graph G, the distance d(u, v) denotes the distance between two vertices u and v of G. Let W = {w 1, w 2, ···, w...     

Liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric assay for the simultaneous quantification of Camptosar and its metabolite SN-38 in mouse plasma and tissues

A simple, rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS bioanalytical method has been developed to simultaneously quantify Camptosar (CPT-11) and its active metabolite, SN-38, in mouse plasma and tissues. A single step protein precipitation with acetonitrile in 96-well plates was used for sample preparation. Camptothecin (CPT) was used as the internal standard. Fast separation of SN-38, CPT-11 and CPT was carried out isocratically on a C18, 2 mm x 50 mm, 5 microm HPLC column with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 20 mM ammonium acetate (pH 3.5) and a 2.5 min chromatographic run time. The API 4000 MS/MS system was operated in positive ionization multiple reaction monitoring mode, and the transitions for SN-38, CPT-11 and CPT were 393.4 --> 349.3, 587.6 --> 167.2 and 349.3 --> 305.3, respectively. The SN-38 and CPT-11 concentrations in samples were calculated from a standard curve of peak area ratios of the analyte to that of the internal standard using a 1/chi2 weighted linear regression. The quantitation limit of 0.5 ng/mL was achieved by using a low sample volume (100 microL) of plasma or tissue homogenates. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.5-500 ng/mL with acceptable precision and accuracy. The method was used for the quantification of CPT-11 and SN-38 in plasma and tissues to support a preclinical pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study of CPT-11 in mice.     

A Tetranuclear Propane-1,3-Dithiolate Complex, [Fe2(CO)5{Ph2P(CH2)3}{(µ-SCH2)2CH2}]2, with a Bridging 1,6-Bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane Ligand

The 2:1 molar reaction of [Fe₂(CO)₆{(µ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}] (1) and a bidentate diphosphine ligand, 1,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane (dpph), in the presence of Me₃NO resulted in the isolation of [Fe₂(CO)₅{Ph₂P(CH₂)₃}{(µ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}]₂ (2) as red crystals in 71?% yield. The dpph ligand in compound 2, coordinates two Fe₂S₂ subunits as bridging mode and hence makes a linkage between two [Fe₂(CO)₅{(µ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}] fragments. Each Fe₂S₂ butterfly of the complex consists of two fused Fe(S-C-C-C-S) six-membered rings, one of which attains a chair conformation, and the other is necessarily in a boat conformation. Compound 2 has unequivocally been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy together with single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Crystals of 2 are triclinic, space group P-1, a = 9.918(4) Å, b = 10.347(3) Å, c = 14.581(5) Å, α?=?72.239(12)º, β?=?80.342(12)º, γ?=?68.550(14)º and Z = 1.

Graphic Abstract

A novel tetranuclear propane-1,3-dithiolate complex, [Fe₂(CO)₅{Ph₂P(CH₂)₃}{(μ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}]₂ (2), bearing a bridging bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane (dpph) ligand, was synthesized from the Me₃NO aided room temperature displacement of carbonyls from [Fe₂(CO)₆{(μ-SCH₂)₂CH₂}] (1), and structurally characterized.

     

Pharmacological Justification for the Medicinal Use of Plumeria rubra Linn. in Cardiovascular Disorders

Plumeria rubra (L.) is a traditional folkloric medicinal herb used to treat cardiovascular disorders. The present investigation was methodically planned to investigate the pharmacological foundations for the therapeutic effectiveness of P. rubra in cardiovascular illnesses and its underlying mechanisms. Ex vivo vaso-relaxant effects of crude leaf extract of P. rubra were observed in rabbit aorta ring preparations. Hypotensive effects were measured using pressure and force transducers connected to the Power Lab data acquisition system. Furthermore, P. rubra displayed cardioprotective properties in rabbits when they were exposed to adrenaline-induced myocardial infarction. In comparison to the intoxicated group, the myocardial infarction model showed decreased troponin levels, CK-MB, LDH, ALT, ALP, AST, and CRP, as well as necrosis, apoptosis, oedema, and inflammatory cell enrollment. P. rubra has revealed good antioxidant properties and prolonged the noradrenaline intoxicated platelet adhesion. Its anticoagulant, vasorelaxant, and cardioprotective effects in both in vivo and ex vivo investigations are enabled by blocking L-type calcium channels, lowering adrenaline, induced oxidative stress, and tissue tear, justifying its therapeutic utility in cardiovascular disorders.     

Significance of activation energy and Wu's slip features in Cross nanofluid with motile microorganisms

The current article investigates the impact of the bioconvection in an unsteady flow of magnetized Cross nanofluid with gyrotactic microorganisms and activation energy over a linearly stretched configuration. The analysis has been performed by utilizing the realistic Wu's slip boundary and zero mass flux conditions. The effects of nonlinear thermal radiation and the activation energy are also addressed. The governing flow equations are deduced to a dimensionless form by considering suitable transformations which are numerically targeted via a shooting algorithm. The physical visualization of each physical parameter governing the flow problem has been displayed graphically for distribution of velocity, temperature, concentration and motile microorganisms. The numerical treatment for the variation of skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number and motile density number is performed in tabular forms.     

Cascaded long-period gratings with nanostructured coatings

The response of the transmission spectrum of cascaded long period gratings (LPGs) to the deposition of nanostructured coatings by use of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique is investigated. The phase of the interference fringes within the LPGs' attenuation bands is shown to be highly sensitive to the optical thickness of the coating, for thicknesses of the order of 100 nm.     

Photodynamic Therapy and the Biophysics of the Tumor Microenvironment

Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) provides opportunities to modulate tumor physiology, enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents, impact immune response and overcome resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based, nonthermal modality that produces reactive molecular species at the site of light activation and is in the clinic for nononcologic and oncologic applications. The unique mechanisms and exquisite spatiotemporal control inherent to PDT enable selective modulation or destruction of the TME and cancer cells. Mechanical stress plays an important role in tumor growth and survival, with increasing implications for therapy design and drug delivery, but remains understudied in the context of PDT and PDT-based combinations. This review describes pharmacoengineering and bioengineering approaches in PDT to target cellular and noncellular components of the TME, as well as molecular targets on tumor and tumor-associated cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of mechanical stress in the context of targeted PDT regimens, and combinations, for primary and metastatic tumors.     

Maximum temperature analysis in a Li-ion battery pack cooled by different fluids

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The use of Li-ion battery in electric vehicles is becoming extensive in the modern-day world owing to their high energy density and longer life. But...     

基于离线激光诱导击穿光谱方法的HL-2A石墨瓦沉积层初步分析

对HL-2A 偏滤器靶板和固定孔栏位置的石墨瓦进行了离线激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量，比较分析了沉积行为，初步得到了不同位置沉积层粒子种类(Fe、Si、H、D 等元素)及其深度的变化。与飞行时间二次离子质谱仪(TOF-SIMS)所得结果进行了对比，发现离子深度变化形貌趋同。根据沉积层有效信号激光数，得到激光烧蚀速率约为270nm/脉冲。     

Development and validation of SPMMTE HPLC method for analysis of profens from human plasma

A fast, selective and reproducible solid‐phase membrane microtip extraction (SPMMTE) HPLC method has been developed and validated for the analyses of ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and flurbiprofen from human plasma. The analysis was carried out on a C₁₈ (150 × 4.6 mm; 5 μm) column. The mobile phase used was water–acetonitrile (55:45, v/v) adjusted to pH 3.0 using trifluoroacetic acid, at a flow rate 0.5 mL/min with a detection wavelength of 225 nm. The values for the capacity factors for the profen samples ranged from 0.47 to 1.50. The values for the selectivity factor (α) for ketoprofen–flurbiprofen, flurbiprofen–ibuprofen and ibuprofen–ketoprofen combinations from human plasma samples were 1.99, 1.00 and 2.10, respectively. The resolution factors (Rs) for ketoprofen–flurbiprofen, flurbiprofen–ibuprofen and ibuprofen–ketoprofen from plasma samples were 3.00, 1.50 and 4.10, respectively. The percentage recoveries of ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and flurbiprofen from human plasma were 75–85%. All of the profens were separated within 7.0 min, indicating a relatively fast method. During the development of the SPMMTE procedure the parameters of pH, contact time, desorption and types of solvents were optimized. The final method was also found to be efficient, effective and inexpensive. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.