A simple method based on the characterization (composition, Bronsted and Lewis acidities) of acid treated HBEA zeolites was developed for estimating the concentrations of framework, extraframework and defect Al species. 相似文献
Ethylene was copolymerized with the non-conjugated diene 5,7-dimethylocta-1,6-diene by metallocene catalysts, homogenous and supported on MCM-41 mesoporous material activated by methylaluminoxane at room temperature. The employed metallocenes were (BzCp)2ZrCl2 (1), (C18H37Cp)2ZrCl2 (2), (CH3)2Si(Ind)2ZrCl2 (3) and ?2C(Cp,Flu)ZrCl2 (4). Diene incorporation and thermal characteristic of the polymers were determined by 13C-NMR and DSC. For the homogeneous systems, only the unbridged metallocene (1) showed a decrease in the activity as the diene content was increased. The ability for diene incorporation in the polymer chain followed the catalyst order (1) < (3) < (2) < (4). Regarding the supported systems, it was observed that all of them showed lower activity than the corresponding homogeneous catalysts. A sharp loss of activity in relation to the homogeneous counterpart was noticed by employing the ansa-metallocenes on MCM-41, especially the complex (4) supported catalyst. The effect of the mesoporous material as support on the behavior of the studied metallocene homogeneous systems in ethylene-diene copolymerization was an increase of polymer molecular weight, maintaining the same level of diene incorporation, except for catalyst (2), when a decrease of the diene incorporation was observed. 相似文献
A 100 ml bottle of polybutadiene, PBD, was repeatedly exposed to air over a period of 6 months. Samples were taken at time zero (PBD-0), after 3 months (PBD-3) and 6 months (PBD-6). These samples were sorbed onto HPLC silica by an open-air solution-evaporation procedure, which involved exposure to the atmosphere for 6 days. Portions of the three sets of samples were used to compare self-immobilization and the effects of 100 degrees C thermal treatments in air or nitrogen on HPLC performance of the resulting phases. It is concluded that self-immobilization is enhanced by prior exposure of sorbed PBD to air and subsequent heating at 100 degrees C further enhances column performance. The best performance (10(5) plates m(-1)) resulted from 4 h heating of PBD-6 material in nitrogen. 相似文献
From the ethanol extract of the stem bark of Tabebuia cassinoides (Lam.) DC (Bignoniaceae), Kingston and Rao [1] isolated two new furonaphthoquinones 6 and 7 that showed activity in KB cell culture assay (ED50 1.0 and 2.0 μg/ml, respectively). These values may be significant since lapachol, which has an ED50 value of 4.4 μg/ml in the same assay, showed sufficient in vivo activity to reach clinical trial at the National Cancer Institute of the United States. The syntheses of these compounds ( 6 and 7 ) were realized in 36% overall yield starting from furan and phthalic anhydride. 相似文献
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) do not have a stable 3D structure but still have important biological activities. Jaburetox is a recombinant peptide derived from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) urease and presents entomotoxic and antimicrobial actions. The structure of Jaburetox was elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance which reveals it is an IDP with small amounts of secondary structure. Different approaches have demonstrated that Jaburetox acquires certain folding upon interaction with lipid membranes, a characteristic commonly found in other IDPs and usually important for their biological functions. Soyuretox, a recombinant peptide derived from the soybean (Glycine max) ubiquitous urease and homologous to Jaburetox, was also characterized for its biological activities and structural properties. Soyuretox is also an IDP, presenting more secondary structure in comparison with Jaburetox and similar entomotoxic and fungitoxic effects. Moreover, Soyuretox was found to be nontoxic to zebra fish, while Jaburetox was innocuous to mice and rats. This profile of toxicity affecting detrimental species without damaging mammals or the environment qualified them to be used in biotechnological applications. Both peptides were employed to develop transgenic crops and these plants were active against insects and nematodes, unveiling their immense potentiality for field applications. 相似文献
This paper studies the degradation of methiocarb, a highly hazardous pesticide found in waters and wastewaters, through an electro-Fenton process, using a boron-doped diamond anode and a carbon felt cathode; and evaluates its potential to reduce toxicity towards the model organism Daphnia magna. The influence of applied current density and type and concentration of added iron source, Fe2(SO4)3·5H2O or FeCl3·6H2O, is assessed in the degradation experiments of methiocarb aqueous solutions. The experimental results show that electro-Fenton can be successfully used to degrade methiocarb and to reduce its high toxicity towards D. magna. Total methiocarb removal is achieved at the applied electric charge of 90 C, and a 450× reduction in the acute toxicity towards D. magna, on average, from approximately 900 toxic units to 2 toxic units, is observed at the end of the experiments. No significant differences are found between the two iron sources studied. At the lowest applied anodic current density, 12.5 A m−2, an increase in iron concentration led to lower methiocarb removal rates, but the opposite is found at the highest applied current densities. The highest organic carbon removal is obtained at the lowest applied current density and added iron concentration. 相似文献
The proposed flow system was developed in order to minimize the drawbacks related to the PGEs determination by quadrupole-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS). It was intended not only to lower the limits of detection (LODs) but also to eliminate the interferences originating from some atomic and molecular ions produced in the argon plasma. This was accomplished by means of an on-line sample clean-up/pre-concentration step, using a chelating resin (Metalfix™ Chelamine™) in which Rh, Pd and Pt were preferably retained when compared with the interfering species.
The results obtained by using the developed flow system in the analysis of urine samples are presented. With a sampling rate of 9 samples h−1 (i.e., 27 determinations) and a sample consumption of ca. 10 mL, the developed flow system allowed linear calibration plots up to 100 ng L−1 with detection limits of 1.2 ng L−1 (Rh), 0.4 ng L−1 (Pd) and 0.9 ng L−1 (Pt). Repeatability studies showed good precision (R.S.D.%, n = 5): 3.7% (Rh); 2.6% (Pd) and 2.4% (Pt), for 10 ng L−1; 2.4% (Rh); 1.4% (Pd) and 1.9% (Pt), for 50 ng L−1; and 1.3% (Rh); 0.58% (Pd) and 0.62% (Pt), for 100 ng L−1. By spiking human urine samples, recovery tests were performed, and the values obtained ranged between 89% and 105% (Rh); 90% and 104% (Pd); and 93% and 105% (Pt). 相似文献
This paper reports a rapid and sensitive method for determination of the anti-inflammatory compound vicenin-2 in L. ericoides Mart. using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Separation of the compound of interest was performed on a VP-ODS(18) (150 x 2 mm, Shimadzu, Japan) column and a pre-column packed with GPV-ODS C(18) (5 x 2 mm, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with acetonitrile-water (15:85) mobile phase containing 2% acetic acid using isocratic flow at 0.5 mL/min for 2 min. Multiple-reaction monitoring of vicenin-2 was performed using electrospray positive ionization. The linear calibration curves were generated using a concentration range of 5-2500 ng/mL with correlation coefficients >0.99. The values of limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 1 and 5 ng/mL, respectively. The method developed based on LC-ESIMS/MS is advantageous because it permits the rapid and selective detection of vicenin-2. Furthermore, the method can be easily applied to the routine analysis of vicenin-2 in plant extracts using a minimal amount of sample. 相似文献