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81.
Nakabayashi K Amemiya F Fuchigami T Machida K Takeda S Tamamitsu K Atobe M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(20):5765-5767
A new technique for the preparation of a highly clear and transparent emulsified aqueous solution containing immiscible monomer droplets with diameters of a few tens of nanometres under surfactant-free conditions using tandem acoustic emulsification is described. Highly conductive transparent polymer films were successfully prepared from such an emulsified solution. 相似文献
82.
Horie H Koyama I Kurahashi T Matsubara S 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(9):2658-2660
The linear codimerization of acrylates and alkynes to produce 1,3-dienes is successfully demonstrated using a nickel catalyst in association with 2-aminopyridine as an additive. 相似文献
83.
Ichiro Hayashi Mitsutoshi Kuroda 《Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids》2011,59(9):1731-1751
A series of systematic tensile and microbend tests were conducted on copper foil specimens with different thicknesses. The specimens were made of a copper foil having almost unidirectional crystal orientations that was considered to be nearly single-crystal. In order to investigate the effects of slip system interactions, two different crystal orientations relative to the tensile direction were considered in the tests: one is close to coplanar double-slip orientation, and the other is close to the ideal cube orientation (the tensile direction nearly coincides to [0 0 1]) that yields multi-planar multi-slip deformation. We extended the microbend test method to include the reversal of bending, and we attempted to divide the total amount of strain-hardening into isotropic and kinematic hardening components. In the tensile tests, no systematic tendency of size dependence was observed. In the microbend tests, size-dependent kinematic hardening behavior was observed for both the crystal orientations, while size dependence of isotropic hardening was observed only for the multi-planar multi-slip case. We introduce an extended crystal plasticity model that accounts for the effects of the geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), which correspond to the spatial gradients of crystallographic slips. Through numerical simulations performed using the model, the origin of the size-dependent behavior observed in the microbend tests is discussed. 相似文献
84.
Minoru Tabata Nobuoki Eshima Ichiro Takagi 《Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications》2011,12(6):3261-3293
Urban and rural areas are formed by human migration from thinly populated areas to densely populated areas. It is known in sociodynamics that human migration is described by a nonlinear integro-partial differential equation whose unknown function denotes the population density. This equation is called the master equation. The master equation has its origin in statistical physics, and is regarded as one of the most fundamental equations in natural sciences, as its name suggests. We describe the formation of urban and rural areas by making use of global solutions of the mixed problem for this equation. In this paper we prove sufficient conditions for the mixed problem to have a unique global solution that converges to a two-tier step function as the time variable tends to infinity. This step function is a stationary solution of the master equation, and the higher (lower, respectively) step represents a stationary urban (rural, respectively) area. This result mathematically describes the formation of urban and rural areas in the real world. 相似文献
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86.
Ichiro Ohba 《Pramana》2002,59(2):397-404
From the advent of quantum mechanics, various types of stochastic-dynamical approach to quantum mechanics have been tried. We discuss how to utilize Nelson’s stochastic quantum mechanics to analyze the tunneling phenomena, how to derive relativistic field equations via the Poisson process and how to describe a quantum dynamics of open systems by the use of quantum state diffusion, or the stochastic Schrödinger equation. 相似文献
87.
The extraction of lead from fly ash produced during the thermal treatment of municipal solid wastes was studied using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) and Cyanex 302 (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)monophosphinic acid). The extraction of lead from the fly ash was carried out in a 5 cm(3) internal volume reaction vessel under static extraction conditions at 323 K, and 24 MPa for 1 h. The extraction efficiencies of lead ranged from 4% to the total extraction under the conditions of 0.05 g fly ash with 2 cm(3) Cyanex 302. There was a linear relationship between the extraction efficiencies of lead using the SC-CO(2) + Cyanex 302 and using a water-based method described by JLT13. 相似文献
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