全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2271篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1662篇 |
晶体学 | 25篇 |
力学 | 109篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
数学 | 257篇 |
物理学 | 316篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 146篇 |
2021年 | 99篇 |
2020年 | 58篇 |
2019年 | 64篇 |
2018年 | 59篇 |
2017年 | 51篇 |
2016年 | 90篇 |
2015年 | 72篇 |
2014年 | 83篇 |
2013年 | 197篇 |
2012年 | 150篇 |
2011年 | 155篇 |
2010年 | 86篇 |
2009年 | 75篇 |
2008年 | 81篇 |
2007年 | 88篇 |
2006年 | 73篇 |
2005年 | 57篇 |
2004年 | 53篇 |
2003年 | 56篇 |
2002年 | 62篇 |
2001年 | 40篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有2370条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
The effects of quantum confined stark effect (QCSE) and quantum well (QW) thickness on the optical properties of violet InGaN laser diodes (LDs) have numerically been investigated. The simulation results indicated that the QCSE greatly effects the optical properties of LDs, where QCSE relates to the QW thickness and it increases when the QW thickness is wider which leads to deteriorating of the optical proprieties of the violet InGaN LD. The polarization in the active region of the InGaN LD has been estimated by the blue shift of the wavelength and it is found that the blue shift of the wavelength depends on the QW thickness. The major simulation result has shown that the best properties of violet InGaN LD can be obtained with smaller QW thickness, where more carriers can be restricted, stayed and overlapped inside the QW which leads to a larger stimulated recombination rate and optical material gain which in turn increase the output power of the LD; while decreasing the threshold current of the LD. 相似文献
52.
I. M. Abd-ellah E. H. M. Ibrahim A. N. El-khazandar 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(2-4):239-247
Abstract Interaction of chlorocyclodiphosphazanes (I) with some bifunctional reagents (such as phenylurea, diphenylurea, thiourea and its phenyl derivatives) in acetonitrile furnished geminal and nongeminal aminocyclodiphosphazanes of type (II–V). The structures of the isolated products were proposed on the basis of microanalytical data, infrared, ultraviolet, 1H n.m.r., and mass spectra. The mechanism of the nucleophilic substitution is also discussed. 相似文献
53.
Nabila M. Ibrahim 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(8):1773-1784
The behavior of 4-hydroxycoumarin (1), 7-hydroxycoumarin (2), 4-hydroxy-bergapten (3), and 4-hydroxyisopimpinellin (4) toward sulfur reagents, namely, thionyl chloride, phosphorus pentasulfide, thiolacetic acid, and Lawesson's reagent (5), was studied. The nature of products in each case depended upon the type of reactants and reaction conditions. Possible reaction mechanisms were considered, and structural elucidations of the new products were based upon compatible elementary and spectroscopic evidences. 相似文献
54.
55.
Canan Atilgan Ibrahim Inanc Ali Rana Atilgan 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2012,50(23):1653-1662
We study geometric and energetic factors that partake in modifying properties of polymeric melts via inserting well‐dispersed nanoscopic particles (NP). Model systems are cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene melts including a single atomic clusters of size varied in the range 10–150 atoms (3–7 Å in radius; 0.1–1.5% v/v). We modify the interactions between the chains and the particle by tuning attractive van der Waals interactions. Using molecular dynamics, we study equilibrium fluctuations and dynamical properties at the interface. The NPs move in the polymer matrix in two different regimes corresponding to trapped and free diffusion, depending on the NP size. Furthermore, degree of crowding around the NP by the polymer chains is quantified. Effect of NP size and interaction strength both on volume and volumetric fluctuations is manifested in mechanical properties, quantified here by bulk modulus, K. Tuning NP size and nonbonded interactions results in ~15% enhancement in K by addition of a maximum of 1.5% v/v NP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012 相似文献
56.
Ezzidine Ibrahim Ibrahim Abd-ellah Leyla S. Shaw Ibrahim Alnaimi 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(3-4):109-114
Abstract The formation and subsequent fragmentation of spirocyclodiphosph(V)azanes (II-III) has been studied by mass spectrometry using the link-field scan technique and structural inferencies are drawn from these data. 31P nmr measurements for compound (III) are also described. 相似文献
57.
Stig E. Friberg Ibrahim Kayali Tatang Suhery Linda D. Rhein F. Anthony Simion 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3):337-347
Water uptake in natural and reaggregated stratum corneum was determined by weight difference after storage in an atmosphere of controlled relative humidity. Interlayer spacing in separated lipids as a function of their water content was determined by low-angle X-ray diffractometry. These values were used as a calibration curve to determine the water content of the lipid bilayers in reaggregated stratum corneum. The results revealed different behavior of the lipid models compared to natural lipids of the stratum corneum. The additional water taken up after reaggregation of equilibrated lipids and proteins, was equally partitioned between the protein and the natural lipid fraction, while the models gave a proportionally higher water uptake into the lipids at high relative humidity. It is obvious that the models, so far, do not mimic all the properties of the natural stratum corneum lipids. 相似文献
58.
59.
I. M. El-Deen H. K. Ibrahim 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(3):733-740
Reaction of 2-mercapto-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzopyrano-[4,3- d ]-pyrimidin-5-one ( 3 ) with phenyl isothiocyanate and methyl acrylate yielded the corresponding 2-(substituted)thio-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzopyrano-[4,3- d ]-pyrimidin-5-ones ( 4 , 5 ). Hydrolysis and hydrazinolysis of 5 gave acid derivative 6 , and hydrazone 7 . Treatment of hydrazone 7 with ethyl acetoacetate, diethyl malonate, and phenyl isothiocyanate yielded the corresponding 2-(substituted)thio-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzopyrano- [4,3- d ]-pyrimidin-5-ones ( 8 , 9 , and 11 ). Cyclization of 11 with 2 N NaOH led to 12 . 相似文献
60.
Moamen S. Refat Gehad G. Mohamed Mohamed Y. S. Ibrahim Hamada M. A. Killa Hammad Fetooh 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2013,83(12):2479-2487
Solid complexes have been prepared and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and 1H NMR. Indomethacin forms complexes with Cd(II), Ce(III), and Th(IV) ions in molar ratios (ligand: metal) (2: 1), (3: 1), and (4: 1), respectively. The IR spectra of the complexes suggest that the Indomethacin behaves as a monobasic monodentate ligand coordinated to the metal ions via the deprotonated carboxylate group. Prepared complexes exhibit higher antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms, compared to free ligand. 相似文献