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991.
A. I. Khachaturov 《Technical Physics》2006,51(2):226-230
The contribution of electrons moving at large angles to the barrier junction plane to the tunnel current is calculated. This contribution turns out to be small only if the Fermi energy of the electrons equals several electron volts. Otherwise, specifically, when the Fermi energy is no higher than 1–2 eV, this contribution dominates in high and thin potential barriers. It is found that the tunnel magnetic resistance in ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet contacts correlates with this contribution. It is this correlation that is responsible for a decrease in this contribution as the potential barriers get lower and thicker. 相似文献
992.
E. N. Popova V. E. Yudin N. V. Kukarkina T. A. Kostereva I. V. Gofman V. V. Kudryavtsev 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2006,79(3):439-444
A series of foamed organoplastics based on a combination of foamed fully aromatic polyimide binders and Arimid T polyimide felt were prepared. New composite foamed organoplastics reinforced with montmorillonite nanoparticles were prepared using commercially available aromatic monomers. 相似文献
993.
O. V. Bakbardina I. Yu. Pukhnyarskaya M. A. Gazalieva S. D. Fazylov E. M. Makarov 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2006,79(10):1726-1728
S-Amino derivatives of O-alkyldithiocarbonic acid were prepared by oxidative condensation of certain alkaloids with sodium xanthates. Some of the compounds synthesized exhibit fungicidal activity. 相似文献
994.
S.N. Abdulmadjid M.M. Suliyanti K.H. Kurniawan T.J. Lie M. Pardede R. Hedwig K. Kagawa M.O. Tjia 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2006,82(1):161-166
We report in this paper the results of an experimental study on hydrogen analysis of solid samples in high pressure helium
ambient gas employing the basic scheme of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). It is shown that the metastable excited
state of helium atom can be utilized to induce delayed excitation of the ablated hydrogen atoms, and thereby avoid the Stark
broadening effect as well as overcoming the undesirable mismatch effect, which are responsible for inefficient excitation
respectively. It is further demonstrated that for samples of high boiling-point materials such as zircaloy, successful hydrogen
analysis can be achieved by a newly introduced double excitation technique employing single laser realized in a modified configuration
of the conventional LIBS method.
PACS 51-52 相似文献
995.
996.
Dmitry I. Belov Ronald D. Armstrong 《Computational Optimization and Applications》2006,33(2-3):319-332
This paper introduces a novel approach for extracting the maximum number of non-overlapping test forms from a large collection
of overlapping test sections assembled from a given item bank. The approach involves solving maximum set packing problems
(MSPs). A branch-and-bound MSP algorithm is developed along with techniques adapted from constraint programming to estimate
lower and upper bounds on the optimal MSP solution. The algorithm is general and can be applied in other applications including
combinatorial auctions. The results of computer simulations and experiments with an operational item bank are presented.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
997.
M. Mayr K. -H. Speidel M. Knopp W. Karle T. Faestermann F. Hagelberg H. -J. Simonis P. N. Tandon J. Gerber 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1987,327(2):157-161
[Theg-factor ratio of the first excited 3? and 5? states in40Ca was measured to beg 3/g 5=1.01(10) employing the implantation perturbed angular correlation technique. The static hyperfine fields (SF) in Fe and Gd hosts were used. In addition the lifetime of the 5? state was measured to be τ=426(7)ps. The values of the SF in Gd and Fe hosts were deduced and compared with systematics in this element region. 相似文献
998.
999.
S. Yu. Kudryashov Yu. I. Arutyunov L. A. Onuchak 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2007,81(1):102-107
New methods for calculating the mean volumetric flow rate of the carrier gas and the retention time of the unretained substance in the column under conditions of gas chromatography were proposed. The methods are based on preliminary isothermal calibrations of the flow rate and holdup time for a packed column. A theoretical substantiation of the methods was given. Procedures of plotting calibration dependences for determining the indicated quantities at a desired temperature were described. The calculation results were compared to experimental data obtained by traditional methods. It was demonstrated that the use of calculation methods substantially simplifies the determination of the specific retention volume over a wide temperature range. 相似文献
1000.
Many recent algorithmic approaches involve the construction of a differential equation model for computational purposes, typically
by introducing an artificial time variable. The actual computational model involves a discretization of the now time-dependent differential system, usually
employing forward Euler. The resulting dynamics of such an algorithm is then a discrete dynamics, and it is expected to be
“close enough” to the dynamics of the continuous system (which is typically easier to analyze) provided that small – hence
many – time steps, or iterations, are taken. Indeed, recent papers in inverse problems and image processing routinely report
results requiring thousands of iterations to converge. This makes one wonder if and how the computational modeling process
can be improved to better reflect the actual properties sought.
In this article we elaborate on several problem instances that illustrate the above observations. Algorithms may often lend
themselves to a dual interpretation, in terms of a simply discretized differential equation with artificial time and in terms
of a simple optimization algorithm; such a dual interpretation can be advantageous. We show how a broader computational modeling
approach may possibly lead to algorithms with improved efficiency.
AMS subject classification (2000) 65L05, 65M32, 65N21, 65N22, 65D18 相似文献