An Iron-Free Magnetron-Injection-Gun for a 28GHz, 200kW Gyroklystron Amplifier

A design study of a double-anode magnetron-injection-gun is performed to incorporate the electron gun into a high power 28GHz gyroklystron amplifier operating at 70kV and 8.2A. The electron gun is designed to be used in a tapered magnetic field in the cathode region produced from an iron-free superconducting magnet. An electron trajectory code predicts a beam axial velocity spread of 5.9% at = 1.5, 70kV, 8.2A and 10.4kG, which is a high quality electron beam suitable for the high gain, high efficiency, five-cavity gyroklystron amplifier. The successful design of the high quality electron gun is attributed to a longer gap between the modulating anode and the grounded anode compared with the case of the first 28GHz electron gun built with an iron enclosed electromagnet.     

Stretching DNA: Role of electrostatic interactions

The effect of electrostatic interactions on the stretching of DNA is investigated using a simple worm like chain model. In the limit of small force there are large conformational fluctuations which are treated using a self-consistent variational approach. For small values of the external force f, we find the extension scales as where is the Debye screening length. In the limit of large force the electrostatic effects can be accounted for within the semiflexible chain model of DNA by assuming that only small excursions from rod-like conformations are possible. In this regime the extension approaches the contour length as where f is the magnitude of the external force. The theory is used to analyze experiments that have measured the extension of double-stranded DNA subject to tension at various salt concentrations. The theory reproduces nearly quantitatively the elastic response of DNA at small and large values of f and for all concentration of the monovalent counterions. The limitations of the theory are also pointed out. Received 13 October 1998 and Received in final form 9 June 1999     

Two-photon optical-beam-induced current imaging of indium gallium nitride blue light-emitting diodes

Epilayers of packaged indium gallium nitride light-emitting diodes (LED's) are characterized by optical-beam-induced current (OBIC) and photoluminescence laser-scanning microscopy through two-photon excitation. Light scattering and absorption in the packaging material and the p-doped top layer of the LED's are greatly reduced as a result of employing a longer excitation wavelength, with energy that is less than the bandgap of the top p layer. Compared with single-photon OBIC, two-photon OBIC imaging not only exhibits superior image quality but also reveals more clearly the characteristics of the epilayers that are being focused on.     

多模干涉型GaAs光功分器的研制

采用导模传输分析法设计了多模干涉型１×４ 光功分器。根据所确定的器件结构参数, 结合器件设计和制作过程中可能遇到的因素, 详细分析了器件中自映像效应多模波导的宽度和长度、波导的折射率等结构参数对器件性能的影响。进行了多模干涉型 Ｇａ Ａｓ １×４ 光功分器的制作和测试。测试结果表明, 所研制的器件实现了１×４ 光功分器功能。针对实验过程和测试结果中遇到的问题进行了讨论, 并提出了进一步完善器件性能的方法。     

1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚薄膜的非线性光学特性研究

运用Ｚ扫描方法研究了１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚薄膜的非线性光学特性。用皮秒脉冲激光测得在５３２ ｎｍ 处、光强较低时χ（３）Ｒ ＝ １．２９×１０－ ９ ｅｓｕ, β＝ ４２ ｃｍ ／ＧＷ; 同时研究了不同光脉冲能量时的非线性吸收特性, 发现其非线性吸收随着光强的增大由反饱和吸收转为饱和吸收     

稀土镧离子对1,10-二氮杂菲紫外荧光的增强效应

测量了１,１０－二氮杂菲和硝酸［二－（１,１０－二氮杂菲）合镧］甲醇溶液的单光子和双光子激发紫外荧光谱。研究表明：镧离子的配位对１,１０－二氮杂菲的紫外荧光效率具有显著的增强作用,镧离子的桥梁作用增强了１,１０－二氮杂菲之间的耦合,并引起１,１０－二氮杂菲紫外荧光谱的红移。     

量子微腔中原子大质心动量转移问题

讨论了双模量子环形微腔中二能级原子与腔场相互作用的动力学问题,分析了量子微腔的双模腔场和原子质心交换动量的过程。通过控制双模光场的光子数,得到了原子质心运动可同时吸收或发射多个光子的结论,从而可以实现较大的原子质心动量转移过程,使原子分束效应更为显著。     

外场形式对超冷原子-多聚物分子转化效率的影响

通过改变激光场Rabi频率和原子-多聚物分子耦合强度, 探索了外场形式对超冷原子-多聚物分子转化效率的影响. 首先通过定义时间指数, 对文献所给出的外场做出改进, 讨论了时间指数对转化效率的影响; 然后选取一种更优化的外场形式, 其具有很好的参数鲁棒性, 该外场作用下的绝热过程几乎不存在振荡, 其绝热保真度接近于1, 系统误差较小, 可以稳定、高效地实现超冷原子-多聚物分子的转化. 关键词： 超冷多聚物分子 转化效率 外场形式 绝热保真度     

67.9 W高功率全光纤白光超连续谱激光器

利用自主研发的全光纤被动锁模激光器以及高功率光纤模场匹配器,将145 W的皮秒脉冲耦合进国产光子晶体光纤,实现了67.9 W的高功率全光纤结构白光超连续谱输出,光谱范围为500~1700 nm,10 dB光谱宽度大于1000 nm（泵浦波长除外）。整个激光器系统的光-光（半导体泵浦源输出激光-超连续谱输出激光）转化效率达到33.8%。     

强噪声下基于基因梯度粒子群算法的反馈波前调控方法

当激光束经过透明散射介质时,通常会产生散斑光场。利用反馈波前调控技术对入射光束的相位进行主动调控,可将散斑整形成聚焦光斑。当存在强噪声干扰时,已有的反馈控制算法大多存在调控效果不理想的问题,故提出一种适用于强噪声环境的基于基因梯度粒子群算法的反馈波前调控方法。该方法不过分依赖以往的优化信息,而是结合梯度快速搜索和基因交叉突变功能来实现噪声环境下对激光束的调控。通过与传统算法进行比较,分析基因梯度粒子群的初始参数(调整因子、变异率和交叉率等)和搜索能力对调控效果的影响。结果表明,在明亮室内的强背景杂散光噪声下,基因梯度粒子群算法能在较少的迭代次数下实现更好的聚焦效果。