Directed triple systems

Directed triple systems are an example of block designs on directed graphs. A block design on a directed graph can be defined as follows. Let G be a directed graph of k vertices which contain no loops. Let S be a set of υ elements. A collection of k-subsets of S with an assignment of the elements of each k-subset to the vertices of G is called a block design on G of order υ if the following is satisfied. Any ordered pair of elements of S is assigned λ times to an edge of G.For example, if S = {a, b, c, d, e} and

and bae; cad; abc; dbe; acd; bce; adb; cde; aed; bec; is a collection of 3-subsets so written that in each subset the first element is assigned to the vertex 1, the second to 2, and the third to 3, then the collection is a block design on G with λ = 1.In this paper, it is shown that for the graph

if λ = 1, then the graph exists for all υ such that ν ? 2 mod 3.     

Alkene Carboarylation through Catalyst-Free,Visible Light-Mediated Smiles Rearrangement

A light-mediated Truce–Smiles arylative rearrangement is described that proceeds in the absence of any photocatalyst. The protocol creates two C−C bonds from simple starting materials, with the installation of an aryl ring and a difluoroacetate moiety across unactivated alkenes. The reaction proceeds via a radical mechanism, utilizing a light-mediated reduction of ethyl bromodifluoroacetate by N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) to set up intermolecular addition to an unactivated alkene, followed by Truce–Smiles rearrangement.     

Cyclic orbifolds of lattice vertex operator algebras having group-like fusions

Letters in Mathematical Physics - Let L be an even (positive definite) lattice and $$gin O(L)$$. In this article, we prove that the orbifold vertex operator algebra $$V_{L}^{{hat{g}}}$$ has...     

Tomographic probability representation for quantum fermion fields

Tomographic probability representation is introduced for fermion fields. The states of the fermions are mapped onto the probability distribution of discrete random variables (spin projections). The operators acting on the fermion states are described by fermionic tomographic symbols. The product of the operators acting on the fermion states is mapped onto the star-product of the fermionic symbols. The kernel of the star-product is obtained. The antisymmetry of the fermion states is formulated as a specific symmetry property of the tomographic joint probability distribution associated with the states.     

Optical design of high performance con-focal microscopy with digital micro-mirror and stray light filters

This research proposes a newly developed stray light filter in order to eliminate stray light, which otherwise might severely reduce the performance of the con-focal microscopy presented in this research. First, an optical design for con-focal microscopy with a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) is illustrated; second, a newly developed stray light filter is presented, which functions to eliminate possible stray light and ghost images without any sacrifice of luminance. It indicates that not only can the optical system be much simplified but also that its resolution could be one step higher, because the system employs neither a pinhole nor a CCD camera lens. Experimental results are shown in the paper, demonstrating an increase in contrast of up to 60%.     

Solving the Generalized Machine Assignment Problem in Group Technology

Many existing solution methodologies for machine assignment problems in group technology do not consider factors such as part demand, operation sequence and cost of intercellular moves. We formulate a 0-1 quadratic programming model that takes into account these factors in machine assignment. Two approaches are proposed to solve this problem. The first is an A*-based approach that generates optimal solutions. The second is a heuristic approach developed to solve problems with large number of machines and/or parts. The heuristic approach is shown to be efficient in producing good solutions in a computational study.     

Theranostic Iron@Gold Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Hyperthermia‐Chemotherapy upon Photo‐Stimulation

The challenges of nanoparticles, such as size‐dependent toxicity, nonbiocompatibility, or inability to undergo functionalization for drug conjugation, limit their biomedical application in more than one domain. Oval‐shaped iron@gold core–shell (oFe@Au) magnetic nanoparticles are engineered and their applications in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and controlled drug release, are explored via photo stimulation‐generated hyperthermia. The oFe@Au nanoparticles have a size of 42.57 ± 5.99 nm and consist of 10.76 and 89.24 atomic % of Fe and Au, respectively. Upon photo‐stimulation for 10 and 15 minutes, the levels of cancer cell death induced by methotrexate‐conjugated oFe@Au nanoparticles are sixfold and fourfold higher, respectively, than oFe@Au nanoparticles alone. MRI and OCT confirm the application of these nanoparticles as a contrast agent. Finally, results of in vivo experiments reveal that the temperature is elevated by 13.2 °C, when oFe@Au nanoparticles are irradiated with a 167 mW cm^?2 808 nm laser, which results in a significant reduction in tumor volume and scab formation after 7 days, followed by complete disappearance after 14 days. The ability of these nanoparticles to generate heat upon photo‐stimulation also opens new doors for studying hyperthermia‐mediated controlled drug release for cancer therapy. Applications include biomedical engineering, cancer therapy, and theranostics fields.     

Planar Hall effect in biosensor with a tilted angle of the cross-junction

A typical planar Hall effect (PHE) sensor junction consists of two Hall bars that the bars appear normal to each other and the junction can have the required four terminals for current and voltage measurements. We are now introducing a tilted angle of the cross-junction and studying the role of the PHE therein. The results show that although there is a tilted angle of the cross-junction, the PHE voltage is remained constant. The result is interpreted by assuming the sensor material with the behavior of a basic single domain structure under the external magnetic field reversals. The calculations of the model are found to be in good concurrence with the experimental results.