可见光促进的双键三氟甲基化反应研究

报道了一种可见光促进的双键直接三氟甲基化的方法.研究中利用Ru（bpy）₃Cl₂为催化剂,Togni's试剂为三氟甲基来源,在可见光促进下实现了含羰基烯烃的三氟甲基化.该反应具有方法简便,条件温和,可以获得较高的反应收率,同时避免了有毒试剂的使用.     

近红外光谱测定猪眼肌肌内脂肪中脂肪酸含量

为了快速无损测定猪眼肌肌内脂肪中脂肪酸含量,提出了近红外光谱技术检测的新方法。选用气相色谱法作为猪眼肌肌内脂肪中脂肪酸测定的标定方法,采用漫反射光纤探头采集由低密度聚乙烯塑料袋包装的猪眼肌样品的光谱,来测定眼肌内脂肪中脂肪酸的含量。利用光谱专用分析软件Unscrambler9.6, 对采集的光谱用平滑,二阶微分法进行预处理, 用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立其定量检测模型。用于本实验的样本总数为82,将异常点除去后,将样品分为校正集和检验集。用校正集的样品来建立定标方程,再用它来预测检验集样品的值。结果表明,脂肪酸C14∶0,C15∶1,C16∶0,C16∶1,C18∶0,C18∶1,C18∶2,C18∶3,C20∶1,C20∶4,SFA,MUFA和PUFA校正模型的相关系数分别为0.57,0.76,0.71,0.77,0.62,0.81,0.86,0.91,0.85,0.91,0.67,0.81和0.95。可见, 用该方法测定肌内脂肪中脂肪酸有较高的测定精度,因此,应用近红外光谱对猪眼肌肌内脂肪中脂肪酸含量的快速无损检测具有可行性。     

Structurally diverse diterpenoids from Isodon ternifolius collected from three regions

Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Isodon ternifolius from three regions in Yunnan Province afforded 9 new diterpenoids, ternifoliusins A–I (1–9), together with 26 known diterpenoids. Among them, ternifoliusins A–D possess rare 6,7:8,15-diseco-7,20-olide-6,8-cyclo-ent-kaurane diterpenoid scaffold. The structures of all compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, as well as quantum chemical calculation methods. Moreover, the molecular constitutions and configurations of ternifoliusins A, E, and F (1, 5, 6) were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Ten compounds were assayed for their cytotoxic activity against the HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480 human tumor cell lines, and compounds 13, 17, 19, 20, 31 and 34 were demonstrated to be active against all of the five human tumor cell lines.     

Crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends nucleated by a self-assembly nucleator

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends nucleated by a self-assembly nucleating agent, N,N′,N″-tricyclohexyl-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylamide (BTCA), were prepared by melt blending. The crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analyzer and tensile testing. It was found that PEO had a synergistic effect together with BTCA on promoting PLA crystallization, besides its toughening effect on the material. Moreover, BTCA revealed prominent reinforcement effect on both neat PLA and PLA/PEO blends in the glass transition region and above, indicating the improvement on the heat resistance of the materials.

     

三维多孔集流体改善NiO电极的储锂特性

三维多孔金属不仅可容纳电极在储锂过程中的体积变化,且为锂离子提供快速传输通道,因此被广泛用做锂离子电池集流体,以提升其循环稳定性和高倍率容量.NiO作为锂离子电池负极具有高理论比容量而备受关注,但其电子导电性差和充放电过程中的巨大体积变化造成其循环寿命短和高倍率容量低.此外,NiO首次放电（嵌锂）产物Ni⁰和Li₂O不能在充电（脱锂）过程中完全反应造成首次不可逆容量大,阻碍了其商业化应用.本工作采用简单、易规模化的化学镀法制备出具有三维贯穿孔的多孔铜（孔径≈5 μm）,并在其孔壁电沉积获得NiO@三维多孔铜电极.由于三维多孔铜集流体可容纳NiO储锂过程中的体积变化;为锂离子提供快速传输通道,同时其高比表面积增大了Ni⁰和Li₂O的反应活性点,因此该电极显示出优异的高倍率容量和高首次库伦效率.该电极在200 mA·g^-1电流密度下,首次放电（嵌锂）和充电（脱锂）容量分别为1522.3和1230.2 mAh·g^-1,首次库伦效率达到80.8%;在高电流密度20 A·g^-1下显示578.1 mAh·g^-1容量.以NiO@三维多孔铜为负极,LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂为正极组装成全电池,首次充电和放电容量分别为1514和1060 mAh·g^-1（基于NiO电极,电流密度0.2 A·g^-1）,首次库伦效率为70%;1.0 A·g^-1电流密度下,首次放电比容量为873 mAh·g^-1,100次循环后保持709 mAh·g^-1,保持率为81%;10 A·g^-1电流密度下容量保持530.6 mAh·g^-1.该工作将为过渡金属氧化物储锂性能提升提供新途径.     

Formation of molecular ladder elements with macrocyclic platforms via linear bifunctional ligands

Reaction between 4-aminopyridine and a dinuclear zinc(II) component of a Robson macrocyclic ligand has resulted in the formation of a molecular ladder element motif. X-ray single crystal structural analysis indicates that two pyridine rings are assembled at the same direction of the macrocycle, which are placed in a nearly parallel way via pi-pi interactions, forming a concavity structure with a macrocyclic base. It is significantly noted that one hydrogen-bond cycle generated from hydrogen atoms of two amino groups with two perchlorate anions has sustained such an assembly of two 4-aminopyridine species to stand in a face to face pattern through a weak molecular interaction on the macrocyclic platform by one-end coordination bonding. The self-assembly of 4-carboxylic pyridine acid and the same macrocyclic component in the presence of sodium hydroxide has yielded an interesting wheel-like complex. Two macrocyclic dinuclear zinc(II) components have been linked through coordination bonding with two pyridine derivatives situated on the same direction of a macrocycle. X-ray structural results suggest that the compound has a unique sandwich-like structure consisting of two macrocyclic covers with two inversely positioned bridging pyridine carboxylic groups in the middle.     

BaZr(BO3)2:Eu的合成及发光性能研究

用硝酸盐热分解法成功制备了BaZr(BO₃)₂:Eu(Eu³⁺的掺杂量为摩尔分数5％)荧光材料，并研究了其在254及147nm光束激发下的发光特性.254nm光束激发下的发射主峰位于612nm处，归属于Eu³⁺的⁵D₀—⁷F₂的电偶极跃迁，但在147nm光束激发下的发射主峰位于592nm处，归属于Eu³⁺的相似文献   

高压下钨的相对电阻随压力的变化

 利用DAC装置及自己建立的实验方法，测量了过渡金属钨在高压（0.8~30.8 GPa）下相对电阻随压力的变化规律。在10 GPa以下的压力范围内，所测得的结果与Bridgman给出的结果符合较好。在10~30.8 GPa的压力范围内，钨的相对电阻随压力呈平滑下降的趋势。压力超过10 GPa的数据，还未见报道。     

Sharp polynomial estimates for the decay of correlations

We generalize a method developed by Sarig to obtain polynomial lower bounds for correlation functions for maps with a countable Markov partition. A consequence is that LS Young’s estimates on towers are always optimal. Moreover, we show that, for functions with zero average, the decay rate is better, gaining a factor 1/n. This implies a Central Limit Theorem in contexts where it was not expected, e.g.,x+Cx ^1+α with 1/2⩽α<1. The method is based on a general result on renewal sequences of operators, and gives an asymptotic estimate up to any precision of such operators.     

Photon echoes in an amplifying rare-earth-ion-doped crystal

We report what we believe is the first experimental demonstration of photon echoes in an amplifying rare-earth-ion-doped crystal. Population inversion is achieved by optical pumping, which yields high-power photon echoes, with an energy gain of as much as a factor of 5. Effects of the pump on the photon echo process highlight the advantages of an amplifying crystal. New questions concerning the optical dephasing mechanisms in Er3+:YSO have arisen.