Polarized angular dependence of three-dimensional light-scattering for nanoparticles on thin film wafer

Bidirectional ellipsometry has been developed as a technique for distinguishing among various scattering features near surfaces. The polarized angular dependence of three-dimensional light-scattering by the nanoparticles on thin film wafer is calculated and measured. These calculations and measurements yield angular dependence of bidirectional ellipsometric parameters for out-of-plane light-scattering. The experimental data show good agreement with theoretical predictions for different nanoparticle diameters and thin film thicknesses when bidirectional ellipsometry was employed to measure nanoparticles (60 nm, 100 nm, and 200 nm) on Si wafers with different film thicknesses of 2 nm, 5 nm, and 10 nm. Not only are the diameters of the nanoparticles determined, but also the film thicknesses can be calculated and distinguished from the measurement results. Additionally, the results indicate that improved accuracy is possible for measurements of scattering features from nanoparticles and thin films.     

A new three-dimensional chaotic system with wide range of parameters

A new three-dimensional chaotic system with large scope of parameters is proposed. Its properties such as equilibrium points, Poincaré map, the largest Lyapunov exponent spectra and bifurcation diagrams are analyzed theoretically and numerically. Theoretical analyses and simulation tests indicate that the proposed chaotic system can keep chaotic in a wide range of parameters. The system is recommendable for many engineering applications such as secure communications, cryptology, information processing, etc.     

Algorithms of target detection on hyperspectral imagery

With the development of airborne and spaceborne remote sensing from the 1980s, as a new and growing technology, hyperspectral imaging is widely used in different fields, such as military investigation, battlefield information acquisition, environmental monitoring, mineral exploration and public security. Because of the unique characteristic of acquiring spectral and spatial information simultaneously, it brings the hyperspectral detection advantages when dealing with target detection problem under complex conditions. Target detecting models of hyperspectral image are established, including the target subspace model and the probability statistical model. And several algorithms are introduced, which are based on original spectral features, sub-space projection and probability statistical model separately. Comparison shows that if the background includes fault objectives, GLRT is the best algorithm, and its SINR is the largest; on condition of anomaly target detection, LPTD is the best, and have a quite high SINR.     

Thermal modeling optimization and experimental validation for a single, concentrator solar cell system with a heat sink

A single concentrator solar cell model with a heat sink is established to simulate the thermal performance of the system by varying the number, height, and thickness of fins, the base thickness and thermal resistance of the thermal conductive adhesive. Influence disciplines of those parameters on temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are obtained. With optimized number, height and thickness of fins, and the thickness values of base of 8, 1.4 cm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm, the lowest temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are 41.7℃ and 36.3℃ respectively. A concentrator solar cell prototype with a heat sink fabricated based on the simulation optimized structure is built. Outdoor temperatures of the prototype are tested. Temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are stabilized with time continuing at about 37℃-38℃ and 35℃-36℃ respectively, slightly lower than the simulation results because of effects of the wind and cloud. Thus the simulation model enables to predict the thermal performance of the system, and the simulation results can be a reference for designing heat sinks in the field of single concentrator solar cells.     

微波对人眼的危害及其防护的物理分析

根据已有的微波对眼睛伤害的实例,结合人的眼睛结构,从理论上分析微波对眼睛危害产生的原因.同时,指出了在微波操作和使用过程中,如何保护好自己的眼睛.     

复杂网络中节点重要性排序的研究进展

如何用定量分析的方法识别超大规模网络中哪些节点最重要, 或者评价某个节点相对于其他一个或多个节点的重要程度, 这是复杂网络研究中亟待解决的重要问题之一. 本文分别从网络结构和传播动力学的角度, 对现有的复杂网络中节点重要性排序方法进行了系统的回顾,总结了节点重要性排序方法的最新研究进展, 并对不同的节点重要性排序指标的优缺点以及适用环境进行了分析, 最后指出了这一领域中几个有待解决的问题及可能的发展方向. 关键词： 复杂网络 节点重要性 网络结构 传播动力学     

量子信令中继器模型及性能仿真

为了解决量子信令远程传输损伤问题,提出了一种量子信令中继器模型. 在该模型中,首先对接收到的信令量子态进行纠缠纯化和纠缠分发,这样就可在收发双方之间建立纠缠信道. 其次,通过纠缠交换,传送所要发送的量子信令,从而完成量子信令的中继. 仿真结果表明,在保真度为0.98、纠缠对成功建立概率为0.98的条件下, 信令中继成功率可以达到97%以上;在纠缠交换概率、纯化概率和纠缠对成功建立概率都为0.98时, 量子信令中继器的吞吐量可达到183kbps,以上各项指标能够有效满足量子通信对信令中继的要求. 关键词： 量子通信 量子信令 纠缠纯化 纠缠分发     

一类具有Markov性质的混沌系统的构造

本文构造了一类具有Markov性质的分段扩张线性映射, 计算表明其具有正的李雅普诺夫指数. 通过理论分析, 证明了其极限分布是均匀分布, 并给出了其最小周期的计算公式. 通过分析符号熵测度应用于此系统时的具体涵义, 指出该系统的复杂度与系统的最小周期之间存在着矛盾关系, 说明了此系统具有可控的复杂度并给出了其复杂度随系统参数变化时的理论极限公式. 通过统计测试和复杂度测试表明, 此系统产生的混沌序列服从均匀分布, 而通过参数的调整该系统的符号熵可以接近其理论极限, 而与Logistic映射和斜帐篷映射的基于近似熵和符号熵的对比实验可知, 本文所提系统具有更高的复杂度, 并有更长的最小周期. 这表明此系统比较适合用于构造保密通信系统. 关键词： 混沌 Markov性质 复杂度 均匀分布     

Cryptanalysis and improvement of a digital image encryption method with chaotic map lattices

A digital image encryption scheme using chaotic map lattices has been proposed recently. In this paper, two fatal flaws of the cryptosystem are pointed out. According to these two drawbacks, cryptanalysts could recover the plaintext by applying the chosen plaintext attack. Therefore, the proposed cryptosystem is not secure enough to be used in the image transmission system. Experimental results show the feasibility of the attack. As a result, we make some improvements to the encryption scheme, which can completely resist our chosen plaintext attack.     

Spectral decomposition at a complex laser polarization configuration

We study the role of laser polarization in the diamagnetic spectrum for the transition from the ground state to the highly excited Rydberg states through a single photon absorption. For simplicity, one usually polarizes the irradiation laser to the selected main quantum axis, which is along the applied external electric or magnetic field. The transition selection rule is simply expressed as m = 0, which corresponds to the π transition. When the polarization is circularly polarized around the main axis, the σ+ or σ- transition occurs, corresponding to the selection rule of m = 1 or m = 1, respectively. A slightly more complex case is that the laser is linearly polarized perpendicular to the main axis. The numerical calculation shows that we can decompose the transition into the sum of σ+ and σ- transitions, it is noted as the σ transition. For the more complex case in which the laser is linearly polarized with an arbitrary angle with respect to the main axis, we have to decompose the polarization into one along the main axis and the other one perpendicular to the main axis. They correspond to π and σ transitions, respectively. We demonstrate that these transitions in the diamagnetic spectrum and the above spectral decomposition well explain the experimentally observed spectra.