PANI-Based Ternary Composite for Energy Storage Material

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - Electrochemical energy storage system has been a promising focus to tackle with the current energy crisis problem. Polyaniline (PANI) has been an attractive...     

单晶Ni52Mn24Ga24中马氏体变体择优取向的物理表征

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Optical Properties of Oligo(fluorene-vinylene) Functionalized Anthracene Linear Oligomers: Effect of π-extension

The photo-physical properties of oligo(fluorene-vinylene) functionalized anthracene linear oligomers (An-OFV_n (n=1-4)) have been systemically investigated through experimental and theoretical methods. The steady-state spectral measurement shows that the increas-ing of fluorene-vinylene (FV) group could lead to the red shift of absorption spectra and restrain the excimer formation between oligomers. Quantum chemical calculations exhibit that the energy levels of HOMO, LUMO, and the band gap gradually converge to a con-stant in accompany with the increasing of FV unit. Meanwhile, the electronic cloud which distributes on the branch arms, also gradually enhances and makes the absorption spectral shape of oligomers become similar to that of branch arms step by step. The time-resolved fluorescence tests exhibits that the lifetime of excimer emission would be almost invariable after the number of FV group in oligomer is ≥2. In nonlinear optical test, the two-photon photoluminescence efficiency and two-photon absorption cross-section will both gradually enhance and be close to an extremum after the number of FV unit is equal to 4. These results will provide a guideline for the design of novel photo-electronic materials.     

Improvement of carbon paste-based enzyme electrode using a new ionic liquid [Pmim][PF6] as the binder

A new carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) has been constructed using a low melting point (39?°C) hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Pmim][PF₆]) as the binder. Both cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate that, in addition to the composition optimization of the IL/graphite composite, heating the composite at a temperature a little higher than the melting point of [Pmim][PF₆] can also lower the background current and enhance the mechanical strength of the CILE. The heated CILE is more sensitive than the traditional carbon paste electrode for the detection of H₂O₂. Glucose oxidase (GOx) can be easily entrapped in the bulk IL/graphite composite. Heating the GOx-modified CILE (GOx-CILE) at the melting point of [Pmim][PF₆] does not lower the catalytic activity of GOx. As compared with n-octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (melting point 65?°C) as the binder, [Pmim][PF₆]-based CILE is much better in signal-to-noise ratio. Under the optimum conditions, the [Pmim][PF₆]-based GOx-CILE has a linear amperometric response to glucose over a concentration range of 2.0–26?mM with the detection limit as low as 0.39?mM. It follows that choosing an IL with a melting point of ca. 40?°C as a binder to fabricate enzyme-entrapped CILEs is a good strategy for the enhancement of the performance of the electrode.     

Preparation of core‐shell structured particle and its application in toughening PA6/PBT blends

Combining the excellent mechanical strengths of polyamide 6 (PA6) with the low water absorption of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) was supposed to be a feasible way to prepare a high comprehensive performance material. However, the poor compatibility between PA6 and PBT resulted in low‐notched impact strength of PA6/PBT blends. Poly(n‐butyl acrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) (PBMMA), a core‐shell structured modifier with controlled particle sizes, was prepared by seed emulsion polymerization and confirmed by Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The PBMMA particles as toughening modifier and compatilizer were employed to toughen PA6/PBT blends. The notched impact strength of the PA6/PBT blends was significantly increased and the water absorption was reduced with the addition of PBMMA particles. With 23.0 wt% modifier loading, the notched impact strength of the blends was 25.66 kJ/m², which was 4.04 times higher than that of pure PA6/PBT. Meanwhile, the water absorption of the blends was only 1.3%, dropping 53.6% compared with pure PA6 and reducing by 26.6% than PA6/PBT. Scanning electron microscope results showed that the PBMMA particles were dispersed in the PA6/PBT blends homogeneously, and the toughening mechanism was the cavitation of rubber particles and shear yielding of the matrix. Thermo‐gravimetric analysis analysis demonstrated that the compatibility between PA6 and PBT was improved with the addition of core‐shell PBMMA particles. The core‐shell particles could be used as an effective modifier to achieve the high toughness and low water absorption for PA6/PBT blends. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超临界CO2流体萃取辛夷精油的组分分析

采用超临界CO2流体萃取辛夷精油,萃取率为3．8％,比水蒸气蒸馏的萃取率高58％。利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MC)法对辛夷精油进行组分的定性和定量分析,并与水蒸气蒸馏法所得辛夷精油的组分相比较,发现超临界CO2流体萃取所得辛夷精油的香气、品质、产率优于水蒸气蒸馏法所得辛夷精油。     

准脆性材料的弹塑性各向异性损伤耦合本构模型研究

针对准脆性材料的非线性特征,在热动力学框架内,建立了准脆性材料的弹塑性与各向异性损伤耦合的本构关系.对准脆性材料的变形机理和损伤诱发的各向异性进行了诠释,并给出了损伤构形和有效构形中各物理量之间的关系.在有效应力空间内,建立了塑性屈服准则、拉压不同的塑性随动强化法则和各向同性强化法则.在损伤构形中,采用应变能释放率,建立了拉压损伤准则、拉压不同的损伤随动强化法则和各向同性强化法则.基于塑性屈服准则和损伤准则,构建了塑性势泛函和损伤势泛函,并由正交性法则,给出了塑性和损伤强化效应内变量的演化规律,同时,联立塑性屈服面和损伤加载面,给出了塑性流动和损伤演化内变量的演化法则.将损伤力学和塑性力学结合起来,建立了应变驱动的应力-应变增量本构关系,给出了本构数值积分的要点.以单轴加载-卸载往复试验识别和校准了材料常数,并对简单试验进行了预测,结果表明,所建本构模型对准脆件材料的非线性材料性能有良好的预测能力.     

准全向平板超材料吸波体的设计

本文设计了一种具有准全向吸波特性的平板超材料吸波体,其准全向吸波特性是由超材料吸波单元的双面吸波、极化不敏感和宽入射角实现的.理论分析和仿真结果表明:该吸波体在6.18 GHz的确有一个双面吸波的吸收点,且吸收率对极化角和入射角均不敏感.提取的等效阻抗表明可以调节超材料的电磁响应使其在吸收频率处与自由空间阻抗匹配来抑制反射.仿真的能量损耗分布表明:该吸波体对电磁波的吸收主要源于基板的介质损耗;采用两种不同介质基板的设计可使前吸波体与后吸波体的耦合度明显降低、抑制耦合所导致的传输.该吸波体可能在许多领域具有 关键词： 准全向吸波 双面吸波 极化不敏感 宽入射角     

Electronic Structure of Thiolate‐bridged Diiron Complexes and a Single‐electron Oxidation Reaction: A Combination of Experimental and Computational Studies

Single‐electron oxidation of a diiron‐sulfur complex [Cp*Fe(μ‐bdt)FeCp*] ( 1 , Cp*=η⁵‐C₅Me₅; bdt=benzene‐1,2‐dithiolate) to [Cp*Fe(μ‐bdt)FeCp*]⁺ ( 2 ) has been experimentally conducted. The bdt ligand with redox‐active character has been computationally proposed to be a dianion (bdt^2?) rather than previously proposed monoanion (bdt^·?) radical in 1 though it has un‐equidistant aromatic C? C bond lengths. The ground state of 1 is predicted to be two low‐spin ferrous ions (S_Fe=0) and 2 has a medium‐spin ferric ion (S_Fe=1/2) and a low‐spin ferrous center (S_Fe=0), and the oxidation of 1 to 2 is calculated to be a single‐metal‐based process. Both complexes have no significant antiferromagnetic coupling character.     

在线课程与翻转课堂相结合的大学化学混合式教学实践

介绍了自2017年以来天津大学大学化学课程使用在线课程和翻转课堂相结合的混合式教学实践,包括课程的组织模式、翻转课堂内容的选择、翻转课堂课时与课程总课时的比例、期末成绩分析和教学反思等。教学实践结果显示,选取学生在中学化学有一定基础的知识点作为教学内容,课时占课程总课时的30%–50%时进行翻转课堂教学,教学效果明显好于完全传统教学的平行对照班。