基于肟-氨基甲酸酯的超强自修复水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备及性能分析

基于肟-氨基甲酸酯热可逆成键原理, 利用可工业批量获得的二甲基乙二肟为构建单元, 设计合成了一类具有高强动态网络结构的水性乳液, 制备出综合性能与重复利用兼顾的聚氨酯胶粘剂; 通过变温红外光谱结合差式扫描量热仪分析了肟-氨基甲酸酯升温过程的可逆成键特性, 并利用动态力学谱仪对变温过程的网络松弛行为进行了研究. 结果表明, 合理的硬段含量与结构设计赋予了胶粘剂极高的粘结强度(25 MPa, 一般商业通用热熔胶的粘结强度< 6 MPa)、 优异的乳液稳定性(粒径<100 nm)以及接近97%的修复效率(160 ℃, 10 min下的剪切搭接实验). 该类乳液具有超强、 稳定及工艺可放大等特性, 为水性自修复胶粘剂的商业化开发提供了新途径和新思路.     

基于QuEChERS-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定稻米中嘧草醚和双草醚残留

采用改良的QuEChERS-液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术,建立了稻米中嘧草醚和双草醚残留量的检测方法。样品经酸化乙腈提取,由十八烷基键合硅胶(C18)吸附剂净化。以0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水(含5 mmol/L乙酸铵)-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,经ZORBAX SB C18色谱柱实现目标化合物的基线分离。采用电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式扫描,动态多反应监测(dynamic MRM)技术定性分析,外标法定量。结果表明:在稻米基质中,嘧草醚和双草醚在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好(r2≥0.996);嘧草醚和双草醚的检出限(LOD)分别为0.8和3μg/kg。在3个添加水平下,嘧草醚和双草醚的平均回收率分别为76.6%~85.6%和73.0%~86.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.9%~3.4%和1.2%~5.5%(n=6)。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,适用于稻米中嘧草醚和双草醚的同时分析。     

Convergence of over-relaxed contraction-proximal point algorithm in Hilbert spaces

The proximal point algorithm (PPA) is a classical method for finding zeros of maximal monotone operators. It is known that the algorithm only has weak convergence in a general Hilbert space. Recently, Wang, Wang and Xu proposed two modifications of the PPA and established strong convergence theorems on these two algorithms. However, these two convergence theorems exclude an important case, namely, the over-relaxed case. In this paper, we extend the above convergence theorems from under-relaxed case to the over-relaxed case, which in turn improve the performance of these two algorithms. Preliminary numerical experiments show that the algorithm with over-relaxed parameter performs better than that with under-relaxed parameter.     

A Smart DNAzyme–MnO2 Nanosystem for Efficient Gene Silencing

DNAzymes hold promise for gene‐silencing therapy, but the lack of sufficient cofactors in the cell cytoplasm, poor membrane permeability, and poor biostability have limited the use of DNAzymes in therapeutics. We report a DNAzyme–MnO₂ nanosystem for gene‐silencing therapy. MnO₂ nanosheets adsorb chlorin e6‐labelled DNAzymes (Ce6), protect them from enzymatic digestion, and efficiently deliver them into cells. The nanosystem can also inhibit ¹O₂ generation by Ce6 in the circulatory system. In the presence of intracellular glutathione (GSH), MnO₂ is reduced to Mn²⁺ ions, which serve as cofactors of 10–23 DNAzyme for gene silencing. The release of Ce6 generates ¹O₂ for more efficient photodynamic therapy. The Mn²⁺ ions also enhance magnetic resonance contrast, providing GSH‐activated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of tumor cells. The integration of fluorescence recovery and MRI activation provides fluorescence/MRI bimodality for monitoring the delivery of DNAzymes.     

Topochemical Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Phosphides Using Phosphorene Templates

Transition-metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as a fascinating class of narrow-gap semiconductors and electrocatalysts. However, they are intrinsic nonlayered materials that cannot be delaminated into two-dimensional (2D) sheets. Here, we demonstrate a general bottom-up topochemical strategy to synthesize a series of 2D TMPs (e.g. Co₂P, Ni₁₂P₅, and Co_xFe_2−xP) by using phosphorene sheets as the phosphorus precursors and 2D templates. Notably, 2D Co₂P is a p-type semiconductor, with a hole mobility of 20.8 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ at 300 K in field-effect transistors. It also behaves as a promising electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thanks to the charge-transport modulation and improved surface exposure. In particular, iron-doped Co₂P (i.e. Co_1.5Fe_0.5P) delivers a low overpotential of only 278 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² that outperforms the commercial Ir/C benchmark (304 mV).     

The performance and degradation mechanism of sulfamethazine from wastewater using IFAS-MBR

Sulfamethazine(SMZ) is an important sulfonamide antibiotic.Although the concentration in the environment is small,it is harmful.The drug residues can be transferred,transformed or accumulated,affecting the growth of animals and plants.In this study,the integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor(IFAS-MB R) were constructed to investigate the performance and degradation mechanism of SMZ.The addition of SMZ had a significant impact on the removal of the chemical oxygen demand(COD) and ammonia nitrogen(NH_4^+-N).The optimal operating conditions were hydraulic retention time(HRT) at 10 h and solid retention time(SRT) at 80 d,respectively.On this basis,the effects of different SMZ concentrations on nutrient removal,degradation,and sludge characteristics were compared.The removal efficiency of SMZ increased with the increase of SMZ concentration.The maximum removal rate was as high as 87%.The SMZ dosage also had an obvious effect on sludge characteristics.As the SMZ concentration increased,the extracellular polymer substances(EPS) concentration and the membrane resistance both decreased,which were beneficial for the reduction of membrane fouling.Finally,seven kinds of SMZ biodegradation intermediates were identified,and the possible degradation pathways were speculated.The microbial community results showed that the microbial diversity and richness in the reactor decreased after adding SMZ to the influent.The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Saccharibacteria and Nitro spirae increased at the phylum level.Sphingobacteria and Betaproteobacteria became dominant species at the class level.The relative abundance of norankp-Saccharibacteria and Nitrospirae increased significantly,and norank-p-Saccharibacteria may be the dominant bacteria for SMZ degradation.     

An expeditious approach to 1-(isoquinolin-1-yl)guanidines via a three-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde, sulfonohydrazide, with carbodiimide

A small library of 1-(isoquinolin-1-yl)guanidine is constructed efficiently via a silver triflate-catalyzed three-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde, sulfonohydrazide, with carbodiimide. The preliminary biological screens of these isoquinoline library members have been evaluated, which show promising results as PTP1B inhibitor and HCT-116 inhibitor.     

Generation of cyclopenta[c]chromenes via a palladium-catalyzed reaction of 2-alkynylphenol with 2-alkynylvinyl bromide

A palladium-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-alkynylphenol with 2-alkynylvinyl bromide gives rise to cyclopenta[c]chromenes in good yields. Three bonds are formed during the process and a double insertion of triple bonds is believed to be the key step.     

Generation of diverse 1-(isoquinolin-1-yl)guanidines via a sequential multi-component/cross-coupling reaction

A multi-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde, 4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide, carbodiimide, and bromine is reported, which generates 1-(4-bromoisoquinolin-1-yl)guanidines in good yields under mild conditions. The products could be further elaborated via a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction, leading to the diverse 1-(isoquinolin-1-yl)guanidines.     

First-principles prediction of an intrinsic half-metallic graphitic hydrogenated carbon nitride

The electronic properties of an experimentally realized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₃) layer has been studied via first-principles calculations. Unlike the recently reported ferromagnetic g-C₄N₃ structure, the g-C₃N₃ system is nonmagnetic. Based on the two-dimensional g-C₃N₃ structure, we predicts a new graphitic hydrogenated carbon nitride (g-H₃C₃N₃) for the first time, which shows 100% half-metallic property around Fermi energy. It would be a kind of important material in spintronics if it could be synthesized experimentally in the future.