Cardiorenal Protective Effect of Costunolide against Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats by Modulating Oxidative Stress,Inflammation and Apoptosis

Doxorubicin (DXB) is one of the most commonly used anticancer agents for treating solid and hematological malignancies; however, DXB-induced cardiorenal toxicity presents a limiting factor to its clinical usefulness in cancer patients. Costunolide (COST) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone with excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. This study evaluated the effect of COST on DXB-induced cardiorenal toxicity in rats. Rats were orally treated with COST for 4 weeks and received weekly 5 mg/kg doses of DXB for three weeks. Cardiorenal biochemical biomarkers, lipid profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, histological and immunohistochemical analyses were evaluated. DXB-treated rats displayed significantly increased levels of lipid profiles, markers of cardiorenal dysfunction (aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, troponin T, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine). In addition, DXB markedly upregulated cardiorenal malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 levels and decreased glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. COST treatment significantly attenuated the aforementioned alterations induced by DXB. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that COST ameliorated the histopathological features and reduced p53 and myeloperoxidase expression in the treated rats. These results suggest that COST exhibits cardiorenal protective effects against DXB-induced injury presumably via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.     

Thermal Catalytic-Cracking Low-Density Polyethylene Waste by Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer NaA Microsphere

Metakaolin-based geopolymer microspheres (MGM) with hierarchical pore structures were prepared by suspension dispersion method in dimethicone at 80 °C. The hydrothermal modification of MGM was carried out at a lower temperature of 80 °C, and a NaA molecular sieve converted from metakaolin-based geopolymer (NMGM) with good crystal structure was prepared and applied in thermal catalytic cracking of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) reaction. The one-pot two-stage thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE was carried out in a 100 mL micro-autoclave under normal pressure. In this work, the optimal proportions and optimal reaction conditions of catalysts for NMGM thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE waste to fuel oil were investigated. The NMGM catalyst showed high selectivity to the liquid product of thermal catalytic cracking of waste LDPE. Under the reaction conditions of reaction time of 1 h and reaction temperature of 400 °C, the liquid-phase yield of thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE reached a high of 88.45%, of which the content of gasoline components was 10.14% and the content of diesel components was 80.97%.     

Selective photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of methane into carbon monoxide over Ag/AgCl@SiO2

Design of active catalysts for chemical utilization of methane under mild conditions is of great importance, but remains a challenging task. Here, we prepared a Ag/AgCl with SiO₂ coating (Ag/AgCl@SiO₂) photocatalyst for methane oxidation to carbon monoxide. High carbon monoxide production (2.3 μmol h⁻¹) and high selectivity (73%) were achieved. SiO₂ plays a key role in the superior performance by increasing the lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers. Based on a set of semi in situ infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electronic property characterization studies, it is revealed that CH₄ is effectively and selectively oxidized to CO by the in situ formation of singlet ¹O₂via the key intermediate of COOH*. Further study showed that the Ag/AgCl@SiO₂ catalyst could also drive valuable conversion using real sunlight under ambient conditions. As far we know, this is the first work on the application of SiO₂ modified Ag/AgCl in the methane oxidation reaction.

The Ag/AgCl@SiO₂ catalyst exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity in selective aerobic oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide with high selectivity, and extended real light simulation feasibility shows potential in practical application.     

高分子填料在生物法处理废水中的应用进展

对生物法处理废水用的高分子填料进行了综述。首先,从无机高分子填料、有机高分子填料两方面介绍了其应用特点及对废水中有机物的作用机理和去除效果;其次,介绍了新型生物填料,主要从生物亲和亲水磁性填料和酶促生物填料两方面介绍其在废水处理中的应用。     

一种合成N-苯基苯并咪唑的新方法

成功开发出一种直接合成N-苯基苯并咪唑的新方法.在不使用金属催化剂与强碱的条件下,通过苯并咪唑与二苯基碘三氟甲磺酸盐的反应合成了目标化合物,采用1H NMR与13C NMR技术对目标化合物进行了表征,并确定了最佳反应条件.在苯并咪唑与二苯基碘三氟甲磺酸盐的物质的量比为1∶1.2、溶剂乙醇/二甲苯的体积比为1∶4、反应温度为120℃、反应时间为24h的最佳反应条件下,使目标化合物的产率达到了52.0％,并回收了等量的碘苯.此外,通过高效液相色谱技术进行跟踪监测,对该反应的机理进行了探讨.     

Potassium bromide catalyzed NS bond formation via oxidative dehydrogenation

N-Substituted benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-ones are a family of compounds with extremely important application. Recently, we have developed a new green pathway to synthesize these compounds via potassium bromide-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative dehydrogenative cyclization. This reaction has high functional group tolerance and affords excellent yield even in gram scale.     

Practical way for the synthesis of 3,3′-bis-substituted benzo[d][1,2]oxaphosphole 2-oxides by phosphonylation of in situ generated o-quinone methides

Phosphonylation of the pretreated 2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol derivatives with acetic anhydride using trialkylphosphites as the nucleophilic reagents was reported, providing a practical way to the synthesis of novel highly steric 3,3′-bis-substituted benzo[d][1,2]oxaphosphole 2-oxides.     

硫化铟锌的改性合成及光催化特性

随着社会经济的高速发展,能源的短缺和生态的破坏引起了人们的关注。近年来,寻找合适的解决方案已成为关注的重点。作为一种绿色环保技术,光催化由于其高效、低成本等优点而成为能源和环境问题的研究热点。在许多光催化材料中,三元硫化物硫化铟锌(ZnIn₂S₄)由于具有可见光响应特性、简单的制备方法和出色的稳定性而表现出巨大的潜力。然而,较高的载流子复合率限制了其光催化性能。近年来,许多研究报道了改性ZnIn₂S₄以提高其光催化性能,在此,本文详细介绍了各种改性研究,包括ZnIn₂S₄单体的合成、半导体化合物的结构、贵金属沉积、碳元素改性、离子掺杂。然后,系统完整地总结了ZnIn₂S₄在光催化、降解有机污染物、去除六价铬、还原CO₂和有机合成等方面表现出的光催化特性和机理。最后,对ZnIn₂S₄的发展前景提出了展望,以期ZnIn₂S₄光催化剂得到更广泛和深入的研究,尽快在实际生产中得到应用。     

7-羟基喹啉-(H2O)n(n=1,2)复合物氢键相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

许多生理过程都通过分子间相互作用来实现。氢键则是最基本的化学作用力之一。具有碱性和酸性双官能团的芳香族化合物能与水作用形成氢键网络,对于实现生物体系的物质转移（质子转移、离子转移）起着十分重要的作用。在非水溶剂中,通过氢键发生质子转移反应动力学实验特征也己进行了广泛的研究。本文用密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311G^＊基组水平上对7-羟基喹啉-水复合物相互作用进行了研究,从成键特征及氢键复合物的稳定关系方面进行了理论计算。