Magnetic field dependence of JC in SNS junctions

Critical currents for triple layer superconducting-normal metal-superconducting (SNS) junctions have been measured with the normal metal in the thick-clean limit in order to determine the spatial variation of the order paremeter as a function of magnetic field (H). Critical currents fall exponentially with H as might be expected if the decay length, K^-1_N, varies linearly with H. The diffusivity, D_N, derived from the measured depairing parameter, α=D_NeH/c, agrees with the diffusivity determined from resistivity measurements.     

Fast and Effective Turn‐on Paper‐based Phosphorescence Biosensor for Detection of Glucose in Serum

In this study, a turn‐on paper‐based optical analytical system with a rapid, sensitive and quantitative response for glucose was developed. The luminescence sensing material, crystalline iridium(III)‐Zn(II) coordination polymers, or Ir‐Zn_e, was grown electrochemically on stainless steel mesh and then deposited on filter paper. This sensing substrate was subsequently built up under glucose oxidase encapsulated in hydrogel and then immobilized on egg membrane with the layer‐by‐layer method. Once the glucose solution was dropped onto the paper, the oxygen content was depleted simultaneously with a concomitant increase in the phosphorescence of Ir‐Zn_e. The detection limit for glucose was 0.05 mM. The linear dynamic range for the determination of glucose was 0.05–8.0 mM with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9956 (y=68.11 [glucose]?14.72). The response time was about 0.12 s, and the sample volume was less than 5 μL. The effects of mesh size, buffer concentration, pH, enzyme concentration, temperature, and interference, and the stability of the biosensor, have also been studied in detail. Finally, the biosensor was successfully applied to the determination of glucose in human serum.     

New synthesis of highly potential efficient bluish‐green electroluminescent materials based on 1,3,4‐oxadiazole–triazolopyridinone–carbazole derivatives for single‐layer devices

New potential bluish‐green electroluminescent materials of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole–triazolopyridin‐ one–carbazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized for single‐layer devices. Carbazole, pyridine, and triazolopyridinone were completely introduced into 1,3,4‐oxadiazole skeletal to play assistant roles in controlling fundamental photolytic process due to the electron‐donating nature, excellent photoconductivity, and flexible structure properties. Following the spectroscopic studies and the measurements of cyclic voltammogram, 1,3,4‐oxadiazole–triazolopyridinone–carbazole derivatives were highly efficient bluish‐green electroluminescent materials. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 17:160–165, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/hc.20201     

Thermoswitchable fluorescence organogels based on hydrogen bond‐assisted chiral gelators

To clarify the individual effect of secondary forces on the self‐assembly of molecules, a chiral cholesteryl N‐(2‐anthryl) carbamate (CAC) consisting of anthryl, carbamate, and cholesteryl groups was synthesized. From the results of the temperature‐dependent ¹H NMR, the hydrogen bond‐assisted π–π interaction was found to maintain the growth of the axis of the self‐assembled structure, and the three‐dimensional effect from the cholesteryl group induces the rotational structure. Fluorescence behavior of the CAC molecules with and without assistance of secondary forces was investigated. Thermoswitchable fluorescence of gelators was observed. Supramolecular organogels reveal significant enhanced fluorescence strength due to the aggregation‐induced enhanced emission of the CAC molecules. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Zinc (II) Chloride Complexes with Pyridyl‐Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides

ZnCl₂(NIT‐pPy) 1 , (NIT‐pPy = 2‐(4‐pyridyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazolyl‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnn2 with the cell parameters a = 9.4083(9), b = 39.686(3), c = 7.4417(14) Å. ZnCl₂(NIT‐6M‐oPy) 2 , (NIT‐6M‐oPy = 2‐(6‐methyl‐2‐pyridyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazolyl‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Pn with a = 7.377(2), b = 19.096(4), c = 11.853(2) Å, β = 95.65(3)°. The temperature dependence magnetic susceptibility of complex 1 revealed an intermolecular ferromagnetic exchange interaction. A simple spin‐polarization model has been used to justify the observed ferromagnetic exchange interaction between the spins of the radical NO group in complex 2 .     

Optical properties of chiral nematic side‐chain copolymers bearing cholesteryl and azobenzene building blocks

Thermotropic chiral nematic (N*) side‐chain copolymers (CPs) bearing cholesteryl and azobenzene units were synthesized to investigate the structure–property relationships of the acrylates of the chiral, achiral, and photochromic monomers of free radical polymerization‐derived polymers. The polar effect of chlorine substitution on the benzene ring of the chiral monomer (M3*) widened the mesophase transition temperature only at the monomer level, but no remarkable effect on the mesomorphic, optical or thermochromism of the corresponding CPs was observed. An examination of the CPs prepared using differential scanning calorimetry and hot‐stage polarizing microscopy showed that all the CPs exhibited a cholesteric nematic phase (N*), and increasing the content of the cholesteryl units in the CPs displayed only the N* phase over a much wider temperature range. On cooling from the isotropic melt of N* CPs, selective reflections of visible light that changed from short to long wavelengths were observed. The photolysis of CPs revealed that CP1 – CP4 undergo reversible photoisomerization and that CP5 and CP6 undergo irreversible photoisomerization. The rate of isomerization depends on the type (? N?N? , ? CH?CH? , and both) and content of photochromic units in the CPs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Solvent‐tunable colors in imprinted helical structures on polymer template via multiple UV‐induced polymerization

A solvent tunable single‐layer polymer film with a multipitched photonic structure as a new photonic band gap material has been developed by imprinting the helical structures on polymer matrices through multiple photocrosslinking in an induced chiral nematic mesophase. Here, the polymer matrices themselves served as a chiral template, which exhibited Bragg reflections in the absence of both a chiral dopant and anisotropic materials because of the memory effects of the polymer network. Tuning of colors was achieved by making a refractive index contrast in the two periodic media of imprinted solid helical structure and the isotropic liquids that fill it. On incorporation of various isotropic liquids in the imprinted matrices, a sharp peak in the reflection spectrum shifted drastically, which indicated that the wavelength shifts strongly depended on the sort of liquids that filled the matrices. The effects of temperature on the imprinted polymer template feeding the various liquids were studied through the reflectance spectra. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011