Alkali-metal-catalyzed addition of primary and secondary phosphines to carbodiimides. A general and efficient route to substituted phosphaguanidines

Organo alkali metal compounds such as (n)BuLi and (Me3Si)2NK act as excellent catalyst precursors for the addition of phosphine P-H bonds to carbodiimides, offering a general and atom-economical route to substituted phosphaguanidines, with excellent tolerability to aromatic C-Br and C-Cl bonds.     

Magnetoelastic instability in Ising-like models

The magnetoelastic instability in nanostructured ring-shaped Ising-like spin 1/2 model has been investigated by using the exact diagonalization method. It is found that there exists two critical anisotropy parameters and () in the phase diagram. As the anisotropy parameter , the magnetoelastic transition from dimerized phase to uniform phase is a first order transition with an increase of the lattice spring constant. While for , the transition is continuous. Another critical value divides the different lattice distortion behavior as the anisotropy is strengthened.     

KH_2PO_4晶体的太赫兹-紫外光谱

实验测量了室温下磷酸二氢钾KH2PO4(KDP)晶体0.2～1.6THz的时域光谱,以及50～4000cm-1范围内的远红外光谱,200～2000nm的紫外-可见-红外光谱。KDP晶体的禁带宽度是5.91eV。在测量范围内有一个很宽的声子吸收带。从0.2～205.5THz吸收系数在35～80cm-1,声子吸收的低频端小于0.2THz。最高的纵光学模声子的频率νLO大约是205.5THz,由此求出这支声子的H—O键的力常数为13.13N·cm-1。     

Numerical method for solving matrix coefficient elliptic equation with sharp-edged interfaces

Solving elliptic equations with sharp-edged interfaces is a challenging problem for most existing methods, especially when the solution is highly oscillatory. Nonetheless, it has wide applications in engineering and science. An accurate and efficient method is desired. We propose an efficient non-traditional finite element method with non-body-fitting grids to solve the matrix coefficient elliptic equations with sharp-edged interfaces. Extensive numerical experiments show that this method is second order accurate in the L^∞ norm and that it can handle both sharp-edged interface and oscillatory solutions.     

Quantum state sharing with a genuinely entangled five-qubit state and Bell-state measurements

We construct several distinct schemes for tripartite Quantum state sharing (QSTS) of arbitrary single- and two-qubit states. Our schemes use genuinely entangled five-qubit state that has recently been introduced by Brown et al. [J. Phys. A 38 1119 (2005)] as the quantum channel. The Bell-state measurements and the single-qubit measurement are needed in our schemes. In comparison with the QSTS scheme using the same quantum channel [Phys. Rev. A 77 (2008) 032321], not joint measurement, which makes this scheme simpler than the latter.     

Periodic surface nanostructures on polycrystalline ZnO induced by femtosecond laser pulses

Periodic surface nanostructures induced by femtosecond laser pulses on polycrystalline ZnO are presented. By translating the sample line-by-line under appropriate irradiation conditions, grating-like nanostructures with an average period of 160 nm are fabricated. The dependence of surface morphologies on the processing parameters, such as laser fluence, pulse number and laser polarization, are studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). In addition, photoluminescence (PL) analysis at room-temperature indicates that the PL intensity of the irradiated area increases significantly compared with the un-irradiated area. Using femtosecond laser pulses irradiation to fabricate periodic surface nanostructures on polycrystalline ZnO is efficient, simple and low cost, which shows great potential applications in ZnO-based optoelectronic devices.     

Pump power dependence of the electron-hole plasma luminescence in Ga-doped ZnO film

Time resolved two-photon absorption induced electron-hole plasma (EHP) luminescence of Ga-doped ZnO thin film was measured by an ultrafast optical Kerr gate (OKG) in femtosecond time regime. Experimental results showed that the buildup time of the EHP luminescence was strongly dependent on the excitation fluence. The dependence of the buildup time of EHP on excitation fluence probably arose mainly from the relaxation of the hot carriers due to the carrier-carrier interaction, which increased with the increase of excitation fluence.     

Interpolation algorithm for recovering the missing phase values in 3D measurement

In the three-dimensional (3D) phase measurement, some marks are usually adhered to the object in order to make the 3D registration process faster and easier. As covered with marks, local phase data are missing and have to be interpolated later. Considering the phase distribution nearby the marks, a gradient estimate (GE) interpolation algorithm is provided here. This algorithm recovers one pixel's missing phase value with the average of the estimated values which is calculated by gradients in eight directions nearby. Since this algorithm is a local processing, the missing phase values should be interpolated from the edge of the marks to the center. In the computer simulation and the practical experiment, compared with the same-size neighborhood mean (NM) algorithm and the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm, this new algorithm achieves very good fit results with the least time. So it can be used as a practical tool for automatic missing phase interpolation.