BF3-catalyzed oxidative tandem annulation-aromatization of naphthols with terminal aryl alkenes

A metal-free oxidative arene/alkene annulation-aromatization has been realized, which enables efficient synthesis of 2-arylnaphtho[2,1-b]furans from readily available terminal aryl alkenes and 2-naphthols. Mechanistic study suggests that this reaction proceeds via free-radical initiated tandem cyclization, dehydrogenative rearomatization and aromatization.     

Fragilolides A-Q,norditerpenoid and briarane diterpenoids from the gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis

Chemical investigation of the gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis resulted in the isolation of a new norditerpenoid fragilolide A (1), sixteen new briarane diterpenoids fragilolides B-Q (2–17), together with frajunolides H and N, and three known norcembranoids scabrolide D, sinuleptolide and 5-epi-sinuleptolide. The structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including the experimental and calculated ECD data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction for the configurational assignments. The structure of fragilolide A featured an unprecedented 4,13- and 7,11-fused tetracyclic norcembranoid, while the biogenetic relationships of the briarane analogues were postulated. Frajunolide H exerted significant inhibition against a panel of tumor cell lines, and six briarane diterpenoids (3, 6, 8, 12, 16, and frajunolide N) exhibited the inhibitory effects against the HBeAg express of hepatitis B virus in HepAD38 cells. In addition, sinuleptolide and 5-epi-sinuleptolide exerted the effects to inhibit NO production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, in addition to the activation of ARE and the inhibition of NF-κB expression.     

A universal blown film apparatus for <Emphasis Type="Italic">in situ</Emphasis> X-ray measurements

A setup of blown film machine combined with in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction measurements and infrared temperature testing is reported to study the structure evolution of polymers during film blowing. Two homemade auto-lifters are constructed and placed under the blown machine at each end of the beamline platform which move up and down with a speed of 0.05 mm/s bearing the 200 kg weight machine. Therefore, structure development and temperature changes as a function of position on the film bubble can be obtained. The blown film machine is customized to be conveniently installed with precise servo motors and can adjust the processing parameters in a wide range. Meanwhile, the air ring has been redesigned in order to track the structure information of the film bubble immediately after the melt being extruded out from the die exit. Polyethylene (PE) is selected as a model system to verify the feasibility of the apparatus and the in situ experimental techniques. Combining structure information provided by the WAXD and SAXS and the actual temperature obtained from the infrared probe, a full roadmap of structure development during film blowing is constructed and it is helpful to explore the molecular mechanism of structure evolution behind the film blowing processing, which is expected to lead to a better understanding of the physics in polymer processing.     

中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂的可控氧化制备及性能

以钛粉、钽粉为原料,炭黑作为反应性模板,通过熔盐法在炭黑表面原位生长了TaTiC_2纳米碳化物涂层,并以所得TaTiC_2/C复合物为碳化物前驱体,再经可控氧化制备出中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射(DRS)及N2物理吸附等手段对所制备的光催化剂进行形貌、显微结构及孔结构表征。以高压汞灯为紫外光源,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,通过光催化降解实验评价中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明,熔盐法生长碳化物涂层厚度均匀(20~30 nm),碳化物主要以TaTiC_2晶相存在且具有纳米级的颗粒尺寸。中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂同时具有200 nm左右的中空大孔结构及壳层10 nm左右的介孔结构。中空大孔和介孔的存在提高了所制备催化剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附能力。此外,TiO_2与Ta2O5通过电子能带结构的耦合,有效提高了光生电子和空穴的分离效率,从而显著提高了光催化活性。nTi∶nTa=2.5∶1.5时,相应的中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化活性,对亚甲基蓝的紫外光催化降解率高达97%。     

锂离子电池Si@void@C复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

以纳米Si颗粒为核心,正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为SiO_2源,采用Stober法在Si表面包覆一层SiO_2,再以多巴胺为碳源,通过碳化处理将SiO_2表面的聚多巴胺层转化成碳层。最后,用HF刻蚀SiO_2并留下空隙,得到Si@void@C复合纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和恒流充放电测试对材料的物相、微观形貌和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明,在0.1 A·g~(-1)电流密度下,Si@void@C负极材料充放电循环100次后充电比容量仍然有1 319.5 mAh·g~(-1),容量保持率为78.4%,表现出优异的电化学性能。     

Analysis of temperature and stress field in Al alloy’s twin wire welding

By analyzing the shape of twin wire welding’s arcs and the track of droplets’ transition, the phenomenon that the twin wire welding’s fore arc and rear arc all deflect to the middle of the two arcs is found. Based on this the double ellipsoid heat source model is amended, and a heat source model which can apply to calculate the twin wire welding’s temperature field is put forward. This model is testified by actual experiment of temperature sampling. By comparing the temperature field of twin wire welding and single wire welding, the results show that twin wire welding has slender weld pool the end part of which is ellipsoid, and its HAZ is narrower than that of single wire welding. So, twin wire welding can not only reduce the Al alloy generating hot crack, but can also weaken the “overaging” softened phenomenon of heat treated strengthening Al alloy. In the end, the evolving rules of 2219 Al alloy’s longitudinal and transverse stress when welded with twin wire welding are analyzed.     

弹性非保守压杆的大幅度动力分析

本文讨论弹性非保守压杆的大幅度动力问题。导出了在一般非保守力作用下杆的非线性运动微分方程,并给出与此相应的拟Hamilton变分表达式,具体地分析了悬臂杆在大挠度下的动力特性,当挠度很小其高次项可以略去时,本文所得结论都能近似地退化为线性理论的结果。     

平面ISODYNE法及其在复合材料力学中的应用

由J. T. Pindera提出的平面isodyne法是散光法的一种发展。具有非破坏性直接测取受力物体内部应力的特点。不需要大功率的激光器,条纹清晰,无畸变,对于平面应力问题可以得到应力分量的全部信息。在复合材料力学、断裂力学和接触问题等领域有广泛的应用前景。文章闸述了该方法的原理和技术,并应用它得到一受三点弯曲荷载的有裂纹的复合材料梁粘结层的应力分布。     

α-Fe_2O_3,γ-Al_2O_3纳米粒子及其混合体系酸碱性质及对重金属离子的吸附行为

运用自动电位滴定技术分别研究了在纳米α-Fe2O3,γ-Al2O3单一体系及其混合体系中矿物表面的酸碱性质。依据表面配位理论恒电容模式,计算了相应的表面酸碱配位常数。实验和计算结果表明,按照等表面积原则混合α-Fe2O3、γ-Al2O3纳米粒子得到混合体系,其表面化学反应并非是单一体系的简单叠加,而是存在着不同矿物表面间复杂的交互作用。其表面酸碱性质和吸附重金属离子的行为可以用单表面模型拟合,混合体系表面反应平衡模式和相应的酸碱反应平衡常数分别为:≡XOH+H+≡XOH2+lgK1=4.04≡XOH≡XO-+H+lgK2=-9.20根据重金属离子Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+在α-Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3混合体系表面的吸附行为,计算得出Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+在混合体系固体表面的配位反应平衡常数如下:≡XOH+M2+≡XOM++H+lgK=-2.50、-2.25、-3.75(M=Cu、Pb、Zn)