Quantitative measurements of micro- and macromixing in a stirred vessel using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence

The Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique enables measurement of the local degree of deviation in an arbitrary plane inside the mixing vessel. This is achieved by injecting a mixture of an inert dye and a reacting fluorescent into the vessel. The inert dye serves as a tracer for the macromixing. The fluorescent characteristics of the reacting dye change while undergoing a fast chemical reaction with the vessel content and it therefore shows the micromixing indirectly. The concentration fields of the dyes are measured simultaneously. For that a laser beam is expanded into a thin light sheet which illuminates an arbitrary plane in the mixing vessel, exciting the fluorescent dye in this area. The emitted light is detected by a CCD-camera which is positioned vertical to the measurement plane. The fluorescent light passes through two optical filters which are suitable for separating the fluorescent light of the two dyes. The light is then projected on half of the camera chip each so that the same display window is detected twice, and thus the local concentration of the two dyes can be measured simultaneously. Low Reynolds number measurements are performed in a mixing vessel equipped with a Rushton turbine. The lamellar structure is clearly resolved. Areas of micromixing are detected by calculating the local degree of deviation from the concentration fields. These areas are mainly found in the boundary layer of the lamellas.     

On projective group properties of the 6D pseudo-Riemannian space

We study the six-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian spaces with two time-like coordinates that admit non-homothetic infinitesimal projective transformations. The metrics are manifestly obtained and the projective group properties are determined. We also find a generic definition of projective motion in the 6-dimensional rigid h-space. Presented at the International Colloquium “Integrable Systems and Quantum Symmetries”, Prague, 16–18 June 2005.     

Charge symmetry breaking in np-->dpi(0)

The forward-backward asymmetry in np-->dpi(0), which must be zero in the center-of-mass system if charge symmetry is respected, has been measured to be [17.2+/-8.0(stat)+/-5.5(syst)]x10(-4), at an incident neutron energy of 279.5 MeV. This observable is compared to recent chiral effective field theory calculations, with implications regarding the du quark mass difference.     

Galvanomagnetic study of the quantum-well valence band of germanium in the Ge<Subscript>1−x</Subscript>Si<Subscript>x</Subscript>/Ge/Ge<Subscript>1−x</Subscript>Si<Subscript>x</Subscript> potential well

The structure of the quantum-well valence band in a Ge(111) two-dimensional layer is calculated by the self-consistent method. It is shown that the effective mass characterizing the motion of holes along the germanium layer is almost one order of magnitude smaller than the mass for the motion of heavy holes along the [111] direction in a bulk material (this mass is responsible for the formation of quantum-well levels). This creates a unique situation in which a large number of subbands appear to be populated at moderate values of the layer thickness d _w and the hole concentration p _s . The depopulation of two or more upper subbands in a 38-nm-thick germanium layer at a hole concentration p _s = 5 × 10¹⁵ m^?2 is revealed from the results of measuring the magnetoresistance in a strong magnetic field aligned parallel to the germanium layers. The destruction of the quantum Hall state at a filling factor ν = 1 indicates that the two lower subbands merge together in a self-formed potential profile of the double quantum well. It is demonstrated that, in a quasi-two-dimensional hole gas, the latter effect should be sensitive to the layer strain.     

Exotic Behavior of Elastic Scattering Differential Cross-Sections of Weakly Bound Nucleus 17F at Small Angles

The differential cross-sections for elastic scattering of ¹⁷F and ¹⁷O on ²⁰⁸Pb have been measured at Radioactive Ion Beam Line at Lanzhou (RIBLL). The variation of the logarithms of differential cross-sections with the square of scattering angles shows clearly that there exists a turning point in the range of small scattering angles (6°—20°) for ¹⁷F having exotic structure, while no turning point was observed in the ¹⁷O elastic scattering. The experimental results have been compared with previous data. Systematical analysis on the available data seems to conclude that there is an exotic behavior of elastic scattering differential cross-sections of weakly bound nuclei with halo or skin structure as compared with that of the ordinary nuclei near stable line. Therefore the fact that the turning point of the logarithms of differential cross-sections appears at small angle for weakly bound nuclei could be used as a new probe to investigate the halo and skin phenomenon.     

高温退火对蓝宝石基片的表面形貌和对CeO缓冲层以及Tl-2212超导薄膜长的影响

研究了蓝宝石(1102)基片在不同温度和时间下退火时表面形貌和表面相结构的变化,以及它对CeO2缓冲层和T1-2212超导薄膜生长的影响.原子力显微镜(AFM)研究表明,在流动氧环境中1000℃温度下退火,蓝宝石(1102)的表面首先局部区域形成台阶结构,然后表面形成叠层台阶结构,随着退火时间的延长.表面发生了台阶合并现象,表面形貌最终演化为稳定的具有光滑平台的宽台阶结构.XRD测试表明,通过高温热处理可以大幅度提高蓝宝石基片表面结构的完整性.在1000℃温度下热处理20 h的蓝宝石(1102)基片上可以生长出具有面内取向的CeO2(001)缓冲层.在具有缓冲层的蓝宝石基片上可以制作出高质量c轴织构的外延11-2212超导薄膜,其临界转变温度(Tc)为104.7 K,液氮温度下临界电流密度(Jc)达到3.5 MA/cm2,微波表面电阻R(77 K,10 GHz)约为390μΩ.