Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Quaternary System of sec-Butyl Acetate + sec-Butyl Alcohol + Dimethyl Sulfoxide + 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate at 101.3 kPa

Journal of Solution Chemistry - The isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the quaternary system sec-butyl acetate (SBAC)?+?sec-butyl alcohol...     

Electronic structure,morphology-controlled synthesis,and luminescence properties of YF3: Eu3+

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology - Studying electronic structure plays a key role in improving the photoluminescence (PL) properties of materials. Therefore, the electronic structure of...     

A high-order and fast scheme with variable time steps for the time-fractional Black-Scholes equation

In this paper, a high-order and fast numerical method is investigated for the time-fractional Black-Scholes equation. In order to deal with the typical weak initial singularity of the solution, we construct a finite difference scheme with variable time steps, where the fractional derivative is approximated by the nonuniform Alikhanov formula and the sum-of-exponentials (SOE) technique. In the spatial direction, an average approximation with fourth-order accuracy is employed. The stability and the convergence with second order in time and fourth order in space of the proposed scheme are religiously derived by the energy method. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the theoretical statement.     

The Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 Nanotube Array by Starch‐Modified Anodic Oxidation

In this study, the characterization and photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotube arrays prepared by anodization process with starch addition were investigated in detail. The results suggested that the optimum mass fraction of starch added in anodization process was 0.1%, with which TiO₂ nanotube arrays owning good tubular structure were synthesized. The tube length and average inner diameter of nanotubes were approximately 4 μm and 30 nm, respectively. Through the characterization of TiO₂ nanotube arrays by energy dispersive spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, it was found that the as‐prepared nanotubes possessed well uniformed and higher photodegradation responsive than the pure TiO₂. Moreover, it was expected that the as‐prepared nanotubes exhibited good photocatalytic activity for the degradation of RhB under UV‐light irradiation, which could be ascribed to their good morphology, enhanced UV‐light absorption property and electron transmission ability during the photocatalytic reaction. In addition, the nanotubes were not significantly regenerated during the cycling runs experiment. Overall, this study could provide a principle method to synthesize TiO₂ nanotube arrays with enhanced photocatalytic activity by anodization process with starch addition for environmental purification.     

Nitridation: A simple way to improve the catalytic performance of hierarchical porous ZSM-5 in benzene alkylation with methanol

Nitrided hierarchical porous ZSM-5 was synthesized by nitridation of hierarchical porous ZSM-5 with flowing ammonia at elevated temperature. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Nitrogen sorption isotherms, NH₃-TPD and Py-IR, and evaluated in alkylation of benzene and methanol. The result indicated that the high specific surface area of parent ZSM-5 was maintained, while the Brönsted acidity was effectively adjusted by nitridation. Moreover, the high suppression of ethylbenzene was observed on nitrided catalyst and this could be attributed to the decrease of Brönsted acidity which suppressed the methanol to olefins reactions.     

能力验证计划中防止数据串通的措施

为保证能力验证结果评价有效、可信、公平,对能力验证计划防止数据串通的措施进行了探讨。从样品设计、样品量发放、检测周期3个方面介绍了防止数据串通的措施,以CNAS PT0017–T029"离子色谱法测定水中Cl~–,SO_4^(2–)及NO_3~–三种阴离子的含量"能力验证计划为例,讨论能力验证计划防止数据串通措施的具体实施方法。结果显示,设计分割水平样品、减少样品发放量、缩短能力验证结果上报周期等几种措施可以有效地防止能力验证数据的串通,为能力验证活动的健康发展提供了参考。     

Multi‐Level Logic Gate Operation Based on Amplified Aptasensor Performance

Conventional electronic circuits can perform multi‐level logic operations; however, this capability is rarely realized by biological logic gates. In addition, the question of how to close the gap between biomolecular computation and silicon‐based electrical circuitry is still a key issue in the bioelectronics field. Here we explore a novel split aptamer‐based multi‐level logic gate built from INHIBIT and AND gates that performs a net XOR analysis, with electrochemical signal as output. Based on the aptamer–target interaction and a novel concept of electrochemical rectification, a relayed charge transfer occurs upon target binding between aptamer‐linked redox probes and solution‐phase probes, which amplifies the sensor signal and facilitates a straightforward and reliable diagnosis. This work reveals a new route for the design of bioelectronic logic circuits that can realize multi‐level logic operation, which has the potential to simplify an otherwise complex diagnosis to a “yes” or “no” decision.     

Prediction improvements of ignition characteristics of isolated coal particles with a one-dimensional transient model

A modified 1-D transient model considering intra-particle thermal conduction is adopted to improve the predictions of the ignition characteristics of isolated coal particles. The study aims at resolving the incorrect prediction on the variation trend of ignition temperature T_i with the change of oxygen concentration X_O2, interpreting the contradictory dependencies on coal particle size and furnace temperature and clarifying the conditions when the intra-particle thermal conduction should be considered. The predictions are compared with microgravity data in which the buoyancy effect is minimized. The results reveal that the previous ignition model with transient adiabatic criterion fails to predict the T_i variation with X_O2, since it cannot accurately predict T_i and delay time in the low X_O2 region. Instead, the ignition model with flammability limit ignition criterion can well predict T_i in a wide range of X_O2. Intra-particle thermal conduction causes remarkable temperature differences for large coal particles, and moreover, the variation trends of surface and center temperatures with particle size are very different. The center temperature at ignition drops remarkably with increasing particle size, while the surface temperature barely changes or slightly increases with particle size. At the same particle size, the variation trends of surface and center temperatures with furnace temperature are also opposite. The ignition mode and variation trend of ignition surface temperature with particle size depends on the heating rate and particle size itself. The contradictory experimental results reported by different researchers are attributed to the particle size and temperature measurement location. The conditions necessary to consider the intra-particle thermal conduction are discussed. Lastly, the effect of the intraparticle thermal conduction is shown on an ignition mode diagram.     

原子尺度钴基氮碳催化剂对析氧反应的构效关系的研究（英文）

理解析氧反应(OER)电催化剂活性位点的活性来源是开发高效电催化剂的关键。然而,由于催化剂结构-活性关系的复杂性,发展高效电催化剂仍然是一个至关重要的挑战。本文设计了不同Co-N-C催化剂构型,包括单原子、双原子和团簇,并通过第一性原理计算建立了析氧反应构效关系。结果表明,Co-N₄由于金属中心的高配位数和与所有析氧反应中间体的适中吸附能,表现出最佳反应性,过电位为0.37V。双原子和团簇的活性来源于催化剂自身与反应中间体相结合的高度配位结构。此外,本文基于Co-N₄构型讨论了影响OER活性的其他因素,其中弱金属-金属相互作用可以通过调节Co-O的反键能级优化含氧中间体的吸附降低反应过电位。随后,根据建立的结构-吸附-活性关系,对火山图进行外推,得到CoNi-type4体系OER的过电位为0.23V。本文研究揭示了Co-N-C催化剂OER活性的起源,建立了基于原子尺度的Co-N-C催化剂的构效关系,有助于理解M-N-C基催化剂的高性能,并促进高效OER催化剂的设计。