A Pr3+:NaGd(MoO4)2 single crystal has been grown by the Czochralski method. The polarized absorption spectra, polarized fluorescence spectra,
and fluorescence decay curves of the crystal were measured at room temperature. The Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters Ωt,q (t=2,4,6) and the spectroscopic parameters related to the 3P0 and 1D2 multiplets were obtained and analyzed. The decay mechanisms for the 3P0 and 1D2 multiplets were also discussed. 相似文献
A magnetic core–shell-layered polymer microsphere (MPS) was successfully synthesized by a dispersion polymerization route,
where the modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MFN) were used as a core, while poly(maleic anhydride-co-methacrylic acid) P(MAH-co-MAA) as a shell was covered
on the surface of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESME) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements
indicate that the magnetic P(MAH-co-MAA)/Fe3O4 composite microspheres assume sphericity and have a novel core–shell-layered structure. The crystal particle sizes of the
unimproved Fe3O4 and the MFN samples vary from 8 to 16 nm in diameter, and the average size is about 10.6 nm in diameter. The core–shell magnetic
composite microspheres can be adjusted by changing the stirring speed. Since multiple Fe3O4 cores were coated with a proper percentage of P(MAH-co-MAA) copolymers, and therefore lower density was acquired for the
MPS, which improved sedimentation and dispersion behavior. The saturated magnetization of pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles reaches 48.1 emu g−1 and the value for composite nanoparticles was as high as 173.5 emu g−1. The nanoparticles show strong superparamagnetic characteristics and can be expected to be used as a candidate for magnetism-controlled
drug release. 相似文献
Spectrally selective splitters with metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) subwavelength waveguides are proposed in this paper. The
method is based on the Bragg grating structure with periodically modulated MDM waveguide width, which delivers a stop band
effect for the surface plasmon propagating in the waveguide. By adding appropriate Bragg grating structure in one or more
arms of the waveguide splitters, light in a certain frequency range can be readily guided into the desired directions, as
demonstrated numerically by the finite-difference time-domain method. Dependence and optimization of the geometrical parameters
are also considered in this paper. 相似文献
Quantum watermarking technology protects copyright by embedding an invisible quantum signal in quantum multimedia data. This paper proposes a two-bit superposition method which embeds a watermark image (or secret information) into a carrier image. Firstly, the bit-plane is used to encrypt the watermark image. At the same time, the quantum expansion method is used to extend the watermark image to the same size with the carrier image, and then the image is encrypted through the Fibonacci scramble method again. Secondly, the first proposed method is the two bits of the watermark image which is embedded into the carrier image in accordance with the order of the high and lowest qubit, and the second proposed method which is the high bit of the watermark image is embedded to the lowest bit. Then the lowest bit of the watermark image is embedded in carrier image. Third, the watermark image is extracted through 1-CNOT and swap gates, and the watermark image is restored by inverse Fibonacci scramble, inverse expansion method and inverse bit-plane scramble method. Finally, for the validation of the proposed scheme, the signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), the image histogram and the robustness of the two watermarking methods are analyzed.
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent reacting mixing layers laden with evaporating inert droplets is used to assess the droplet effects in the context of the conditional moment closure (CMC) for multiphase turbulent combustion. The temporally developing mixing layer has an initial Reynolds number of 1000 based on the vorticity thickness with more than 16 million Lagrangian droplets traced. An equivalent mixture fraction incorporating the inert vapour mass fractions clearly demonstrates the effects of vapour dilution on the mixture. Instantaneous fields and conditional statistics, such as the singly conditioned scalar dissipation rate, the gas temperature 〈 Tg|η 〉, conditional variance of the gas temperature 〈 Tg”2|η 〉 and conditional covariance between the fuel mass fraction and gas temperature 〈 Yf”Tg”|η 〉 show considerable droplet effects. Comparison between the droplet-free and droplet-laden reacting mixing layer cases suggests significant extinction in the latter case. The resulting large conditional fluctuations around the conditional means contradict the basic assumption behind the first-order singly conditioned CMC. More sophisticated CMC approaches, such as doubly conditioned or second-order CMCs are, in principle, better able to incorporate the effects of evaporating droplets, but significant modelling challenges exist. The scalar dissipation rate doubly conditioned on the mixture fraction and a normalized gas temperature 〈 χ | η, ζ 〉 exemplifies the modelling complexity in the CMC of multiphase combustion. 相似文献
The magnetic property induced by neutral Cd and S vacancies in CdS bulk and thin film are investigated, using first principles simulation. For bulk CdS, the magnetism originates from Cd, instead of S, vacancies. The ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature above room temperature can be expected. For CdS thin film, both Cd and S vacancies does not yield any magnetism at the (111) surface, while local magnetic moments at the outermost S plane of the (001) surface is ascribed to the surface effect. The ferromagnetism at S-terminated (001) surface can account for the experimental observation. 相似文献
The grazing bifurcation, stick phenomena and periodic motions in a periodically forced, nonlinear friction oscillator are investigated. The nonlinear friction force is approximated by a piecewise linear, kinetic friction model with the static force. The total forces for the input and output flows to the separation boundary are introduced, and the force criteria for the onset and vanishing of stick motions are developed through such input and output flow forces. The periodic motions of such an oscillator are predicted analytically through the corresponding mapping structure. Illustrations of the periodic motions in such a piecewise friction model are given for a better understanding of the stick motion with the static friction. The force responses are presented, which agreed very well with the force criteria. If the fully nonlinear friction force is modeled by several portions of piecewise linear functions, the periodically forced, nonlinear friction oscillator can be predicted more accurately. However, for the fully nonlinear friction force model, only the numerical investigation can be carried out. 相似文献