Anatase-Rutile Transition of Precipitated Titanium Oxide with Alcohol Rinsing

The effect of alcohol washing on the anatase-rutile transition of precipitated titanium oxide was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. Alcohol (butanol) rinsing accelerated the anatase-rutile transition of precipitated titanium oxide powder so that the onset temperature of transition decreased drastically from 800 degrees C for water-washed powder to 550 degrees C for alcohol-rinsed powder. Alternation of transition kinetics and mechanisms by rinsing media could be confirmed from the analysis of temperature and time dependence of rutile content. The attributability of the chemical state of anatase after crystallization, which contained H(2)O, OH, and organic residues, to the change of transition kinetics with alcohol rinsing will be discussed. Two mechanisms, the effect of residual organics and/or H(2)O(OH), could be suggested on the basis of analysis of the difference between chemical states of water-washed anatase and alcohol-rinsed powder. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Ce0.8Y0.2O1.9-Ca3(PO4)2-K3PO4复合电解质在中温区的质子导电性及在常压合成氨中的应用

A precursor of Ce_0.8Y_0.2O_1.9(YDC) solid electrolyte was synthesized by the gol-gel method. YDC and phosphates powders were prepared by mixing the YDC and phosphates according to different weight ratios. The mixtures of the YDC and binary phosphates were ground and sintered at 1 400 ℃. The proton conductivity in solid electrolyte of the sintered samples was examined using electrochemical methods at 400～800 ℃. Ammonia was synthesized from nitrogen and hydrogen at atmospheric pressure in the solid state proton conducting cell reactor. The optimal condition for the ammonia production was determined. The result indicated that composite electrolyte of 80wt% YDC: 20wt% binary phosphates as proton conductor could obtain the highest ionic conductivity and ammonia production rate among the four samples, the rate of evolution of ammonia was up to 9.5 × 10^-9 mol·s^-1·cm^-2.     

Viscosities of poly(N-vinylacetamide) solutions in the presence of salts, urea and guanidine hydrochloride

Summary  In the aqueous solutions of poly(N-vinylacetamide) in the presence of Na₂SO₄ or (NH₄)₂SO₄, the intrinsic viscosities were small and the Huggins constants were large compared with those in water. Similar but much less effects were observed for NaF. Opposite effects were found, however, for NaSCN. The poor solvent quality of aqueous sulfate solutions was significantly improved by the addition of guanidine hydrochloride to 3 M or higher. Urea was much less effective in improving the solvent quality. The different M28.8neffects observed between urea and GdnHCl may be explained by their different binding affinities to amide group. Solubilization of PNVA flocculates induced by the presence of 0.8 M Na₂SO₄ took place by adding urea to 1 M, although only small changes were detected in the viscosity behavior accompanying the addition of 1 M urea. Received: 12 June 1997 Accepted: 4 August 1997     

2-取代-4(5)-烷氧基咪唑的合成

我们曾报道了N-氰甲基苯甲亚氨酸乙酯(1a)的烷基化反应、Micheal加成和与芳醛的缩合反应。本文报道碱催化下N-氰甲基亚氨酸乙酯在醇中的成环反应结果。在固-液相转移催化条件下,N-氰甲基苯甲亚氨酸乙酯(1 a)与丙烯酸甲酯反应,生成Micheal加成产物。当用乙醇钠作碱、乙醇作溶剂时,1a与丙烯酸甲酯反应没有生成Micheal     

倍半硅氧烷合成进展

对以苯基三氯硅烷、苯基三烷氧基硅烷、甲基三氯硅烷、甲基三烷氧基硅烷、甲基三乙酸基硅烷分别为原料采用碱催化平衡水解三步法合成可溶性高分子量聚倍半硅氧烷及其共聚物进行了综述,并对以苯基三氯硅烷为原料采取一步法合成热塑性聚苯基倍半硅氧烷予以介绍,总结了以不同有机基为原料采用碱催化平衡法合成不溶性立方体聚倍半硅氧烷的研究结果,最后对卤盐催化非水解sol-gel法制备有机倍半硅氧烷凝胶作了阐述,以期对合成不同结构的聚倍半硅氧烷提供帮助。     

Lignanoids and Diterpenoids from Callicarpa furfuraceae

The three new lignanoids 1 – 3 and the five new phyllocladane diterpenoids 7 – 11 were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa furfuraceae, together with two known lignanoids, lariciresinol ( 4 ) and (+)‐sesamin ( 5 ), and five known diterpenoids, 17‐norphyllocladane‐3,16‐dion ( 6 ), calliterpenone ( 12 ), calliterpenone 17‐acetate ( 13 ), (3β,16α)‐phyllocladane‐3,16,17‐triol ( 14 ), and (3β,16α)‐phyllocladane‐3,16,17‐triol 17‐acetate ( 15 ). Their structures were established by spectral‐data interpretation.     

Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a layered vanadium oxide with an interlayer metal coordination complex: [Co(phen)3][V10O26]·H2O

A novel compound, [Co(phen)₃][V₁₀O₂₆]·H₂O, was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Ccca with a=13.447(3), b=29.936(6), c=23.252(5) Å, V=9360(3) Å³, Z=8 and R=0.0285. Data were collected on a Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID IP diffractometer at 293 K in the range of 1.36<θ<24.99°. The structure of the compound consists of vanadium oxide layers, which are built up from the infinite VO₄ chains by corners and edges sharing. The [Co(phen)₃]²⁺ complexes occupy the interlayer space and contact each other via π−π stacking interactions of the phen groups to form infinite one-dimensional chains.     

Syntheses and spectroscopic properties of energy transfer systems based on squaraines

The purpose of this project was to prepare fluorescent dyes that could absorb energy at relatively short wavelengths, and fluoresce in the near-IR region. To achieve this, copper- and palladium-mediated C-N couplings were used to prepare the ‘cassettes’, i.e the carbazole derivative 3b and the carbazole-, phenothiazine-, and phenoazine-squaraines 4b-d. These compounds have carbazole, phenothiazine, and phenoazine donor-components that absorb around about 300-320 nm, and squaraine acceptor-parts that fluoresce in the range 650-700 nm. The efficiencies of energy transfer from the donor to the acceptor, and the overall quantum yields of the cassettes were determined.     

光学活性含硅氨基酸的合成

光学纯的硅取代氨基酸是一类非天然的手性氨基酸合成子，在药物，植物保护 剂和精细化学品的合成具有极为广阔的应用前景，其合成方法包括化学不对称合成 及化学合成外消旋体－生物学拆分两种，综述了该方面的研究进展。     

Cancer cells undergoing epigenetic transition show short-term resistance and are transformed into cells with medium-term resistance by drug treatment

To elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms of drug resistance, epigenetically reprogrammed H460 cancer cells (R-H460) were established by the transient introduction of reprogramming factors. Then, the R-H460 cells were induced to differentiate by the withdrawal of stem cell media for various durations, which resulted in differentiated R-H460 cells (dR-H460). Notably, dR-H460 cells differentiated for 13 days (13dR-H460 cells) formed a significantly greater number of colonies showing drug resistance to both cisplatin and paclitaxel, whereas the dR-H460 cells differentiated for 40 days (40dR-H460 cells) lost drug resistance; this suggests that 13dR-cancer cells present short-term resistance (less than a month). Similarly, increased drug resistance to both cisplatin and paclitaxel was observed in another R-cancer cell model prepared from N87 cells. The resistant phenotype of the cisplatin-resistant (CR) colonies obtained through cisplatin treatment was maintained for 2–3 months after drug treatment, suggesting that drug treatment transforms cells with short-term resistance into cells with medium-term resistance. In single-cell analyses, heterogeneity was not found to increase in 13dR-H460 cells, suggesting that cancer cells with short-term resistance, rather than heterogeneous cells, may confer epigenetically driven drug resistance in our reprogrammed cancer model. The epigenetically driven short-term and medium-term drug resistance mechanisms could provide new cancer-fighting strategies involving the control of cancer cells during epigenetic transition.Subject terms: Tumour heterogeneity, Epigenetics