全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17978篇 |
免费 | 2448篇 |
国内免费 | 2874篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 14213篇 |
晶体学 | 282篇 |
力学 | 755篇 |
综合类 | 264篇 |
数学 | 1967篇 |
物理学 | 5819篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 32篇 |
2023年 | 170篇 |
2022年 | 415篇 |
2021年 | 450篇 |
2020年 | 483篇 |
2019年 | 543篇 |
2018年 | 454篇 |
2017年 | 416篇 |
2016年 | 708篇 |
2015年 | 773篇 |
2014年 | 929篇 |
2013年 | 1311篇 |
2012年 | 1468篇 |
2011年 | 1514篇 |
2010年 | 1161篇 |
2009年 | 1126篇 |
2008年 | 1385篇 |
2007年 | 1272篇 |
2006年 | 1161篇 |
2005年 | 972篇 |
2004年 | 914篇 |
2003年 | 826篇 |
2002年 | 925篇 |
2001年 | 740篇 |
2000年 | 570篇 |
1999年 | 441篇 |
1998年 | 277篇 |
1997年 | 284篇 |
1996年 | 235篇 |
1995年 | 209篇 |
1994年 | 185篇 |
1993年 | 174篇 |
1992年 | 158篇 |
1991年 | 113篇 |
1990年 | 104篇 |
1989年 | 87篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 52篇 |
1986年 | 41篇 |
1985年 | 36篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Jayachandran Jayakumar Kanniyappan Parthasarathy Yi‐Hsiang Chen Tai‐Hua Lee Shih‐Ching Chuang Chien‐Hong Cheng 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,126(37):10047-10050
A new method for the synthesis of highly substituted naphthyridine‐based polyheteroaromatic compounds in high yields proceeds through rhodium(III)‐catalyzed multiple C H bond cleavage and C C and C N bond formation in a one‐pot process. Such highly substituted polyheteroaromatic compounds have attracted much attention because of their unique π‐conjugation, which make them suitable materials for organic semiconductors and luminescent materials. Furthermore, a possible mechanism, which involves multiple chelation‐assisted ortho C H activation, alkyne insertion, and reductive elimination, is proposed for this transformation. 相似文献
992.
Genetic profile characterization and population study of 21 autosomal STR in Chinese Kazak ethnic minority group 下载免费PDF全文
Xiao‐Ye Wang Chun‐Mei Shen Wen‐Juan Liu Jiang‐Wei Yan Hong‐Dan Wang Hong‐Wei Pu Yan‐Li Wang Guang Yang Yu‐Dang Zhang Hao‐Tian Meng Hang Jing Bo‐Feng Zhu 《Electrophoresis》2014,35(4):503-510
Short tandem repeat loci have been recognized as useful tools in the routine forensic application and in recent decades, more and more new short tandem repeat (STR) loci have been constantly discovered, studied, and applied in forensic caseworks. In this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms of 21 STR loci in the Kazak ethnic minority as well as the genetic relationships between the Kazak ethnic minority and other populations. Allelic frequencies of 21 STR loci were obtained from 114 unrelated healthy Kazak individuals in the Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of China. We observed a total of 159 alleles in the group with the allelic diversity values ranging from 0.0044 to 0.5088. The highest polymorphism was found at D19S433 locus and the lowest was found at D1S1627. Statistical analysis of the generated data indicated no deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibriums at all 21 STR loci. In order to estimate the population differentiation, allelic frequencies of all STR loci of the Kazak were compared with those of other neighboring populations using analysis of molecular variance method. Statistically significant differences were found between the studied population and other populations at 2–7 STR loci. A neighbor‐joining tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies of the 21 STR loci and phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Kazak has a close genetic relationship with the Uigur ethnic group. The present results may provide useful information for forensic sciences and population genetics studies, and can also increase our understanding of the genetic background of this group. The present findings showed that all the 21 STR loci are highly genetically polymorphic in the Kazak group, which provided valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification, and paternity tests. 相似文献
993.
994.
A convenient and regioselective one-pot synthesis of 3-chloride or 3-bromide quinoline derivatives was achieved through a Grignard addition reaction by alkynyl Grignard regent to o-trifluoroacetyl aniline and a Cu(II)-catalyzed cyclization–halogenation tandem reaction with aqueous HCl or HBr as electrophilic reagent. 相似文献
995.
In Situ Facile Synthesis of Ru‐Based Core–Shell Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Black and Their High Catalytic Activity in the Dehydrogenation of Amine‐Boranes 下载免费PDF全文
Well‐dispersed core–shell Ru@M (M=Co, Ni, Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) supported on carbon black have been synthesized via a facile in situ one‐step procedure under ambient condition. Core‐shell Ru@Co NPs were synthesized and characterized for the first time. The as‐synthesized Ru@Co and Ru@Ni NPs exhibit superior catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane compared with their monometallic and alloy counterparts. The Ru@Co/C NPs are the most reactive, with a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 320 (mol min?1) molRu?1 and activation energy (Ea) of 21.16 kJ mol?1. Ru@Ni/C NPs are the next most active, whereas Ru@Fe/C NPs are almost inactive. Additionally, the as‐synthesized NPs supported on carbon black exhibit higher catalytic activity than catalysts on other conventional supports, such as SiO2 and γ‐Al2O3. 相似文献
996.
Rongmei Si Dr. Li Wei Dr. Hong Wang Dingdian Su Prof. Samir H. Mushrif Prof. Yuan Chen 《化学:亚洲杂志》2014,9(3):868-877
Selective polymer wrapping is a promising approach to obtain high‐chiral‐purity single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) needed in technical applications and scientific studies. We showed that among three fluorene‐based polymers with different side‐chain lengths and backbones, poly[(9,9‐dihexylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐co‐(9,10‐anthracene)] (PFH‐A) can selectively extract SWCNTs synthesized from the CoSO4/SiO2 catalyst, which results in enrichment of 78.3 % (9,8) and 12.2 % (9,7) nanotubes among all semiconducting species. These high‐chiral‐purity SWCNTs may find potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the extraction selectivity of PFH‐A relates to the bending and alignment of its alkyl chains and the twisting of its two aromatic backbone units (biphenyl and anthracene) relative to SWCNTs. The strong π–π interaction between polymers and SWCNTs would increase the extraction yield, but it is not beneficial for chiral selectivity. Our findings suggest that the matching between the curvature of SWCNTs and the flexibility of the polymer side chains and the aromatic backbone units is essential in designing novel polymers for selective extraction of (n,m) species. 相似文献
997.
Reactive acrylate esters were encapsulated in the cavity of networked molecular capsules in a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal fashion. Owing to the encapsulation effect, acrylates inside the capsules do not undergo polymerization upon irradiation with UV light or heating, while the guest molecules can be quantitatively extracted by treatment with toluene. 相似文献
998.
Hongren Chen Fengying Hong Dr. Guang Shao Dr. Deyu Hang Lei Zhao Prof. Zhuo Zeng 《化学:亚洲杂志》2014,9(12):3418-3430
By using three synthetic protocols, a series of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon N‐heterocyclic imidazole‐based liquid crystals (LCs) and related imidazolium‐based ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) have been prepared. The ring size of the N‐heterocycle and the length of the N‐terminal chain (on the imidazolium unit in the ILCs) were modified, and the influence of these structural parameters on liquid‐crystal phases was investigated by means of polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These new ILCs exhibit a disordered smectic phase (SmA), good thermal stabilities, a broad smectic phase range, a high dipole moment, relatively low melting points, but high clearing points and strong emission fluorescence relative to imidazole‐based LCs. These encouraging results have led us to believe these fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon N‐heterocyclic imidazole‐based LCs and related imidazolium‐based ILCs could be used as new liquid‐crystalline materials. 相似文献
999.
Hong Shen 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2014,70(11):1025-1028
The title CdII coordination polymer, [Cd(C10H8O4)(C12H12N6)0.5(H2O)]n, has been obtained by the hydrothermal method and studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, IR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The compound forms a novel three‐dimensional framework with 3,8‐connected three‐dimensional binodal {4.52}2{42.510.612.7.83} topology. An investigation of its photoluminescence properties shows that the compound exhibits a strong fluorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature. 相似文献
1000.
Wen‐Jian Zhang Chun‐Yan Hong Cai‐Yuan Pan 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2015,36(15):1428-1436
Similar to the traditional self‐assembly strategy, polymerization induced self‐assembly and reorganization (PISR) can produce a myriad of polymeric morphologies through morphology transitions. Besides the chain length ratio (R) of the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic blocks, the chain mobility in the intermediate nano‐objects, which is a requisite for morphology transition, is a determining factor in the formation of the final morphology. Although various morphologies have been fabricated, hexagonally packed hollow hoops (HHHs) with highly ordered internal structure have not, to the best of our knowledge, been prepared by PISR. In this article, the fabrication of HHHs through morphology transition from large compound vesicles to HHHs is reported. HHHs with highly regular internal structure may have significance in theoretical research and practical applications of nanomaterials.