Entanglement of Momentum for a Single Photon with a Single Atom

In this talk, the interaction of a single photon injected to a single atom is studied, for which initially the photon is uncorrelated with the atom. The spontaneous emitted photon will then evolve to be entangled with the atom on their continuous kinetic variables （momentum） in the process of resonant scattering. We find the relations between the entanglement and their physical control parameters （such as the linewidth of the injected photon wave packet, and that of the atomic wave packet, etc. ）, which indicates that high entanglement can be reached by broadening the scale of the atomic wave or squeezing the linewidth of the incident single-photon pulse.     

The Quantum Coherence Effects in Degenerate Two-level Atomic System

The quantum coherence effects of the transition Fe = 2←→Fg = 3 depending on the polarization of the coupling and probe beam are observed in a Cs vapor cell. The splitting of electromagnetically induced transparency （EIT） window is observed when the degeneracy of two-level system is broken using a magnetic field. It is also shown that the splitted transparency points of two of three windows are shifted with the intensity of magnetic field （ i. e. Zeeman splitting in the upper and lower levels ） increasing. On the contrary, when we fix the intensity of magnetic field, and increase the Rabi frequency of the coupling beam, the splitted transparency peaks become wider. A qualitative agreement between experiment and theory is found.     

Growth and characterization of model oxide catalysts

Oxide catalysts are frequently used to convert toxic species to environmentally benign molecules, and to prevent the formation of toxic species in the first place. In this paper, growth and characterization of model oxide systems employed in both approaches is discussed. An example of the former approach is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO emitted from power plants by NH₃, which employs tungsten and vanadium oxides supported on the anatase polymorph of TiO₂. To model SCR catalysts, epitaxial titanium, vanadium and tungsten oxide films were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and magnetron sputtering. Two different anatase orientations were grown on LaAlO₃ substrates and their interactions with vanadia were characterized. On LaAlO₃ (0 0 1), anatase exposed a (4 × 1) reconstructed (0 0 1) surface. Vanadia lifted the reconstruction and at 1 ML a (1 × 1) surface with mostly V⁵⁺ was observed. Continued V₂O₅ growth led to loss of order, but at high temperatures epitaxial VO₂ could be grown; vanadia behaved similarly on anatase films on LaAlO₃ (1 1 0). Results suggested that the monolayer is pseudomorphic with O adsorption oxidizing the surface V to 5+, since the anatase structure cannot accommodate more bulk oxygen, only a monolayer can be pseudomorphic and have only V⁵⁺. Thus the vanadia monolayer has unique structural and chemical properties that can help explain why vanadia monolayers on TiO₂ are much more active than bulk V₂O₅. For WO₃, a series of added row reconstructions were observed as the epitaxial films were reduced. The effect of these structures on surface chemistry was characterized by studying 1-propanol adsorption. The results indicated that the structure of the WO₃ surface did not alter its catalytic function but had a strong effect on reaction kinetics. As an example of a system where catalysts prevent the formation of toxic species, the reactivity of oxidized Pd surfaces used in CH₄ catalytic combustion were studied. An ordered PdO-like monolayer was found to be less reactive towards CO than adsorbed O on Pd. On the other hand, the PdO layer favored a lower activation energy C₃H₆ oxidation pathway. The results indicated that Pd oxidation reduces the sticking coefficient of reactive species but once molecules adsorb, the oxide surface can reduce the activation energy for subsequent reaction.     

Quantum noise property in coherent atomic system

The coherent superposition of atomic states leads to the characteristic change of interacting lights because of the coupling between the lights and atoms. In this paper, the noise spectrum of the quantified light interacting with the atoms is studied under the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). It is shown that the noise spectrum displays a double M-shape noise profile resulted from the conversion of phase noise of probe beam. A squeezing of 0.3 dB can be observed at the detuning of probe light at the proper parameters of atoms and coupling beam.     

P schl-Teller势阱中线性与非线性光学折射率变化

利用量子力学中的密度矩阵算符理论导出了P schl-Teller势阱中的线性与三阶非线性光学折射率的解析表达式。P schl-Teller势阱中有两个可调参数κ和λ,势阱的形状及其非对称性会随势阱参数的取值不同而明显不同,从而其线性与非线性光学折射率变化的大小也会随势阱参数和入射光强的变化而呈规律性的变化。文章以典型的GaAs/AlGaAs势阱为例作了数值计算,数值计算结果表明,势阱的形状和入射光强对光学折射率有着重要的影响。     

钐(Ⅱ)类卡宾CH_3SmCH_2X(X=Cl、Br和Ⅰ)促进乙烯环丙烷化反应途径的理论研究(英文)

用密度泛函B3LYP方法研究了过渡金属钐类卡宾与乙烯的环丙烷化反应的机理。对三种不同的钐的SS试剂CH_3SmCH_2X(其中X=Cl、Br和Ⅰ)分别和CH_2CH_2反应的各反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物构型的全部结构几何参数进行了优化,用内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析方法,对过渡态进行了验证。结果表明：CH_3SmCH_2X(其中X=Cl、Br和Ⅰ)与CH_2CH_2环丙烷化反应按亚甲基转移通道(通道A)和卡宾金属化通道(通道B)都可以进行,与锂类卡宾的反应机理相同,只是按亚甲基转移通道(通道A)进行反应较容易一些,而且此反应在较低的温度下就可以发生。     

Quantum Secure Direct Communication by Swapping Entanglements of?3×3-Dimensional Bell States

By swapping entanglements of 3×3-dimensional Bell states, we propose a quantum secure direct communication scheme, whose advantage is to own the high source capacity. In addition, another light point is that only one set of measuring basis is needed in this scheme.     

透射光栅的实验标定和衍射效率的理论模拟

透射光栅广泛应用于软X射线能谱测量.为了获得用于惯性约束聚变研究的透射光栅的各级衍射效率及其他参数,在北京同步辐射源上200—1600 eV能量范围内对其进行了标定,获得了透射光栅衍射效率的实验结果.扩展了透射光栅衍射效率的计算方法,提出了7边准梯形截面衍射效率计算模型.分析拟合了实验数据,理论结果与实验结果很好符合.得到了7边准梯形的透射光栅栅线截面结构. 关键词： 透射光栅 衍射效率 实验标定 光栅模型     

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane/SiO2 nanocomposites

In order to achieve good dispersion of nano-SiO₂ and increase the interactions between nano-SiO₂ and PU matrix, nano-SiO₂ was firstly modified with poly(propylene glycol) phosphate ester (PPG-P) which was a new polymeric surfactant synthesized through the esterification of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) and polyphosphoric acid (PPA). Then a series of polyurethane (PU)/SiO₂ nanocomposites were prepared via in situ polymerization. The surface modification of nano-SiO₂, the microstructure and the properties of nanocomposites were investigated by FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA. It was found that good dispersion of nano-SiO₂ achieved in PU/SiO₂ nanocomposite after the modification with PPG-P. The segmented structures of PU were not interfered by the presence of nano-SiO₂ in these nanocomposites.     

Preparation, characterization and MRI application of carboxymethyl dextran coated magnetic nanoparticles

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles functionalized with carboxymethyl dextran (CM-dextran) were synthesized by a two-step method. First, the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with dextran (M_w ≈ 20000) were prepared by co-precipitation of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions. Then, dextran on the surface of MNPs reacted with monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in alkaline condition. The influences of temperature and reactant concentration on the amount of -COOH on the surface of nanoparticles were systematically studied. The obtained MNPs coated with CM-dextran were stable over the entire range of pH and NaCl concentration. The MRI experiment indicated that the CM-dextran MNPs could potentially be used as MRI contrast agents for magnetic resonance molecular imaging.