Structure and properties of potassium titanyl phosphate single crystals with 7 and 11 at. % Nb

This study is a continuation of research into the atomic structure and physical properties of niobium-doped potassium titanyl phosphate crystals, KTiOPO₄ (KTP: Nb). Crystals containing 7 and 11 at. % of niobium were grown and studied. With an increase in niobium content, the number of vacancies and additional potassium positions in the structure also increase. This fact accounts for an increase in both the intensities of relaxation peaks and the conductivity of KTP: Nb crystals.     

Ion source with a cold magnetron cathode and magnetic plasma compression

The operating principles, design, and characteristics of an ion source with a cold magnetron cathode and magnetic plasma compression are described. The source is intended for the injector of a linear proton accelerator.     

Reconstruction of the fine structure of an acoustic scatterer against the distorting influence of its large-scale inhomogeneities

In the ultrasonic diagnostics of small-size neoplasms of biological tissues at the earliest stage of their development, an efficient way to eliminate the distorting influence of high-contrast or large inhomogeneities of the biological medium is to apply the iterative technique. A simple approach is proposed, which makes it possible with only two iteration steps to achieve an efficient focusing of the tomograph array. At the first step, the unknown distribution of the large-scale inhomogeneities of sound velocity and absorption over the scatterer is reconstructed, where the large-scale inhomogeneities are those whose size exceeds several wavelengths. At the second step, the fine structure of the scatterer is reconstructed against the large-scale background, which can be performed with a high accuracy owing to the evaluation of the background at the first step. The possibility of simultaneous reconstruction of the large-scale and fine structures by the noniterative Grinevich-Novikov algorithm is considered as an alternative. This algorithm reconstructs in an explicit form two-dimensional refractive-absorbing acoustic scatterers of almost arbitrary shape and strength. Taking into account the effects of multiple scattering, this algorithm provides resolution of the fine structure almost as good as that achieved in reconstructing the same structure against an undistorting homogeneous background. The results of numerical simulations of both algorithms are presented.     

Relative distance and boundary properties of nonparametric surfaces with finite area

Some boundary properties of nonparametric surfaces with finite area are proved.     

Thin film synthesis and the influence of irradiation-induced defects on the superconductivity of La1.8Sr0.2CuO4

Thin superconducting films of La_1.8Sr_0.2CuO₄ have been prepared by magnetron sputter deposition and subsequent temperature treatment. The composition of the films has been determined by Rutherford backscattering and the structure by thin film X-ray diffraction. The onset of superconductivity was about 32 K and the midpoint near 28 K. Defect production in the films by He ion bombardment revealed a drasticT _c reduction with a sensitivity similar to that observed in the Chevrel phases. Oxygen implantation and subsequent annealing led to an enhancement of theT _c onset.     

Diffusive behavior of asymmetric zero-range processes

We investigate a new interpretation for the Navier-Stokes corrections to the hydrodynamic equation of asymmetric interacting particle systems. We consider a system that starts from a measure associated with a profile that is constant along the drift direction. We show that under diffusive scaling the macroscopic behavior of the process is described by a nonlinear parabolic equation whose diffusion coefficient coincides with the diffusion coefficient of the hydrodynamic equation of the symmetric version of the process.     

Investigation of thin-film electroluminescent structures on rough subsrates

Results of experimental investigations of the volt-brightness characteristics, frequency dependences of brightness, and the directional radiation pattern of electroluminescent MSDM, MSCM, and MSDCM emitters, where M stands for the first transparent and second nontransparent electrodes, S is a semiconductor, D is a thin-film dielectric, and C is a silicone-based composite liquid dielectric with a powdered segnetoelectric filler, developed on conventional “smooth” and rough glass substrates are presented. It is shown that electroluminescent structures on rough surfaces have a brightness approximately two times higher than that of similar structures developed on a “smooth” substrate. Ul’yanovsk State University, 42, L. Tolstoi St., Ul’yanovsk, 432700, Russia. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 507–512, July–August, 1997.     

Recombination of Au25+ with free electrons at low energies

The origin of the widely observed enhancement of rates for electron-ion recombination at very low energies is still unknown. We investigated the recombination of Au²⁵⁺ with free electrons in a merged-beams experiment at the UNILAC accelerator of the GSI in Darmstadt. At E _rel= 0 eV we found an enormous enhancement factor of 365 compared to the theory of radiative recombination. An increase of the electron density by a factor of 10 had not much influence on the measured rate coefficient. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.