Carleson measures on product domains and 2-parameter Brownian martingales

Archiv der Mathematik -     

Motion of a Graph by <Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>-Curvature

We show the existence of weak solutions to the partial differential equation which describes the motion by R-curvature in R ^d , by the continuum limit of a class of infinite particle systems. We also show that weak solutions of the partial differential equation are viscosity solutions and give the uniqueness result on both weak and viscosity solutions.     

Preparation of photoinitiator-bound celluloses and their reactivity

Photoinitiator-bound celluloses (Cell-AQ and Cell-BP) were prepared by reaction of epoxy-activated cellulose with, respectively, 1-aminoanthraquinone (AQNH₂) and 4-aminobenzophenone (BPNH₂) in N,N-dimethylformamide at 70°C. About 60% of the initial epoxy groups (1·90–2·10 mmol/(g cellulose)) was found to participate in the reaction under alkaline conditions. The photoinitiator-bound celluloses exhibited an activity towards photoinduced formation of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions of -glucose, and isopropyl alcohol. The amount of hydrogen peroxide formed was higher for the Cell-BP than the Cell-AQ. Moreover, the photoinitiator-bound celluloses showed an ability to initiate photografting of methyl methacrylate at 60°C in a water medium, indicating a higher percentage of grafting and a lower percentage of homopolymer compared to photoinitiator-sensitized celluloses, which were prepared by immersing a cellulose sample in acetone solutions of AQNH₂ and BPNH₂ and drying under vacuum to remove the solvent. It was found that the photoinitiator residues introduced into the cellulose substrate are capable of abstracting hydrogen atoms from the substrate.     

Synthesis of 1- and 4-substituted-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-ones

The 1- and 4-substituted-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-ones (substitutents: nitro, amino and acetylamino) were prepared by the condensation of o-aminophenol with 5-substituted-2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinones. The resulting compounds were subjected to reduction, acetylation and dehalogenation.     

Singularity of Crushing Behavior of Single Particles near Their Natural Period

Within grinding machines the load acting on the particles and the loading rate are widely distributed. According to studies on the breakage mechanism of brittle materials, the mechanical properties which relate to breakage vary with the loading rate. In order to elucidate the grinding mechanism within the grinding machines, it is necessary to obtain the relationships between these properties and loading rate. In this study, the variation of strength, fracture energy, new surface area produced by fracture and fracture energy with the loading rate (ranging from 10^?1 to 10⁹ N/s) was investigated by means of compression tests on a large number of spherical specimens. As a result, a singularity of crushing behavior was observed under an impact loading corresponding to a duration of time of loading the same as the natural period of the spherical specimen. The crushing efficiency is especially at its maximum.     

Present Status of Industrial Application of Cyclodextrins in Japan

The application of CDs in the food, cosmetic and textile industrial fields as solubilizing agents, stabilizers, emulsifiers etc., is reviewed briefly. ManyCD-containing commodities that have been put to practical use are introduced. Technical developments of CDs and their commercialization have had a multilateral impact on economic activities in our country. The expansiveeffects of CD production on other industrial fields and the economic impactare discussed.     

Radiation effects on poly(1-chloro-1-alkynes)

The γ-radiolysis behavior of poly(l-chloro-1-alkynes) \[ [\rlap{--} ({\rm CCI} = {\rm CR}\rlap{--} )_n ;{\rm R} = n - {\rm alkyl}] \] greatly changed with the length of alkyl group and with the presence or absence of oxygen. When γ-irradiated in air, poly(l-chloro-1-hexyne) (R = n-C₄H₉) decomposed to oligomers; its G_s value was as large as 5.4. When irradiated in vacuum, this polymer partly gelled. In contrast, poly(l-chloro-1-decyne) (R = n-C₈H₁₇) partly gelled even by irradiation in air. A high-dose irradiation of this polymer in vacuum resulted in the quantitative formation of a gel. The polymers irradiated in air contained carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, indicating the participation of oxidation reaction. Comparison with their thermolysis leads to a conclusion that these Cl-containing polyacetylenes are radiation-sensitive irrespective of their high thermal stability.     

The composition of the zirconium-arsenazo complex

There is discordant information in the literature on the composition of the zirconium-arsenazo complex in solution. A detailed spectrophotometric study indicates that at pH 1.3, 1.7 and 3.5 the complex is formed by one mole of zirconium reacting with one mole of arsenazo (R), giving the empirical formula ZrR.     

Temporal electric conductivity variations of hydrogenated amorphous silicon due to high energy protons

Electric conductivity variations of undoped, n-type and p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films irradiated with various energy protons are systematically investigated. Dark conductivity (DC) and photoconductivity (PC) of the undoped samples increase at first due to proton irradiation and then decrease dramatically with increasing proton fluence. The increase in DC and PC becomes greater with increased proton energy. However, this increase is metastable and gradually decreases with time at room temperature. Similar results are observed in the n-type a-Si:H, whereas only a monotonic decrease is observed in DC and PC for the p-type samples. The increase of both DC and PC due to proton irradiation is attributed to metastable donor center generation. On further irradiation both the DC and PC decrease by the accumulation of radiation-induced defects, which act as deep traps and compensate carriers. The decrease in DC and PC becomes less pronounced as the proton energy increase and can be fitted along a universal line when the proton fluence is converted into displacement per atom (dpa).