Optimality criterion for a class of nonlinear integer programs

Graver's optimality conditions based on Hilbert bases apply to an integer program with linear equations and a linear objective function. We generalize this result to include a fairly large class of nonlinear objective functions. Our extension provides in particular a link between the superadditivity of the difference-objective function and the Hilbert bases of conic subpartitions of .     

First Measurement of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule for 1H from 0.7 to 1.8 GeV at ELSA

To verify the fundamental Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule for the first time experimentally, we measured the helicity dependent total photoabsorption cross section with circularly polarized real photons and longitudinally polarized nucleons in the photon energy range 0.68-1.82 GeV with the tagged photon facility at ELSA. The experiment was carried out with a 4pi detection system, a circularly polarized tagged photon beam, and a frozen spin polarized proton target. The contribution to the GDH sum rule in this photon energy range is [49.9+/-2.4(stat)+/-2.2(syst)] microb.     

Beam-polarization asymmetries for the p(gamma-->, K+)Lambda and p(gamma-->, K+)Sigma(0) reactions for E(gamma)=1.5-2.4 GeV

Beam polarization asymmetries for the p(gamma-->,K+)Lambda and p(gamma-->,K+)Sigma(0) reactions are measured for the first time for E(gamma)=1.5-2.4 GeV and 0.6相似文献   

Retardation of water evaporation by less-defective mixed monolayers spread from bulk solids onto water surface

From AFM observation of transferred films on mica, it has been found that mixed monolayers of hexadecanol with poly(vinyl stearate) give a film with a less-defective and flat surface by spreading from bulk solids of those mixtures onto a water surface without using any organic solvent. As a result, those mixed monolayers have a considerably larger effect on retardation of water evaporation in comparison with those spread from the solution of the mixtures. After the saturated surface pressure of the mixed monolayer spread from the bulk solids, an enhanced effect on retardation of water evaporation was found, accompanied by the preferential spreading of hexadecanol and the gradual reduction of defects in the mixed monolayer.     

Simple Analog Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Circuit for Generating Motion Signal

We proposed in this study a novel analog complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit for generating a motion signal when an object moves, which is a simple structure. The proposed unit circuit was constructed using a previously proposed edge detection circuit and a novel proposed circuit for generating a motion signal which accepts an edge signal. The part for generating the motion signal was constructed using six metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors and one capacitor. Results obtained by the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) and the measured results of a test circuit constructed with discrete MOS transistors and the test circuit fabricated with a 1.2 μm CMOS process showed that the proposed unit circuit can output pulsed current (motion signal) when an object moves on the circuit. It was clarified from the SPICE results that the two-dimensional network constructed with proposed unit circuits can output motion signals. The size of the novel unit circuit is expected to be about 110 × 110μm² obtained by the 1.2 μm CMOS process. It is possible to arrange 90 × 90 unit circuits on a chip which has an area of 1 × 1cm². The aperture ratio is expected to be about 21%, which is twice as large as that of the previously proposed circuit. An integrated circuit for image processing in real time can thus be realized by applying the two-dimensional network constructed with the proposed circuits.     

Index minimization of differential-algebraic equations in hybrid analysis for circuit simulation

Modern modeling approaches for circuit analysis lead to differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). The index of a DAE is a measure of the degree of numerical difficulty. In general, the higher the index is, the more difficult it is to solve the DAE. The index of the DAE arising from the modified nodal analysis (MNA) is determined uniquely by the structure of the circuit. Instead, we consider a broader class of analysis method called the hybrid analysis. For linear time-invariant electric circuits, we devise a combinatorial algorithm for finding an optimal hybrid analysis in which the index of the DAE to be solved attains the minimum. The optimal hybrid analysis often results in a DAE with lower index than MNA.      

Spin-freezing processes around the tricritical point in Mn1−xTixSb

Transitions related to the spin-glass phase in Mn_1−xTi_xSb are revisited from the nonlinear ac susceptibility. Near the tricritical point (x≈0.8), the transition between ferromagnetic and reentrant spin-glass states is sharp. At x0.8, an anomally is found slightly above the temperature of usual spin-glass freezing.