"Achiral" benzophenone ligand for highly enantioselective Ru catalysts in ketone hydrogenation

[reaction: see text] The chirality of an "achiral" benzophenone-based complex can be controlled. The benzophenone-based complex thus controlled affords high enantioselectivity in the catalytic asymmetric ketone hydrogenation (up to 99% ee, >99% yield).     

中孔硫酸化氧化锆-氧化硅催化甘油转化制丙烯醛

一种中孔硫酸化的、只含Br?nsted酸位的氧化锆-氧化硅催化剂可将甘油转化为丙烯醛,其产率和选择性分别为81%和82%.即使在低温(523 K)下,产物时空收率可高达9.0 mmol h–1 gcat–1.本催化剂的活性和选择性高于典型的硫酸化的ZrO2催化剂.氧化硅稀释了锆物种而使得催化剂酸性更温和,较大的孔径使得传质更快,因此催化剂性能提高.     

Armillariols A to C from the culture broth of Armillaria sp.

Three novel compounds were isolated from the culture broth of Armillaria sp. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic data analyses. All the compounds regulated hypocotyl and root growth of lettuce.     

Localized chemical stimulation to micropatterned cells using multiple laminar fluid flows

Micropatterns of the electrically conjugating cardiomyocytes were prepared on a single cell level by microcontact printing (microCP), and the localized chemical stimulations were applied to the cellular pattern using multiple laminar flows. The locally delivered 1-octanol inactivated part of the myocyte patterns, while the other areas retained the activity showing spontaneous and synchronous pulsatility. Since both the cells and flows were well defined as micropatterns and each integrated on a chip, the obtained results simply demonstrate the cellular responses in a single-cell network.     

Testing the equality of several covariance matrices with fewer observations than the dimension

For normally distributed data from the k populations with m×m covariance matrices Σ₁,…,Σ_k, we test the hypothesis H:Σ₁=?=Σ_k vs the alternative A≠H when the number of observations N_i, i=1,…,k from each population are less than or equal to the dimension m, N_i≤m, i=1,…,k. Two tests are proposed and compared with two other tests proposed in the literature. These tests, however, do not require that N_i≤m, and thus can be used in all situations, including when the likelihood ratio test is available. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistics are given, and the power compared by simulations with other test statistics proposed in the literature. The proposed tests perform well and better in several cases than the other two tests available in the literature.     

Membrane Preparation of Polysulfonic Acid Complexes by Layer-by-Layer Adsorption

Summary: The water-insoluble, thermostable and homogeneous polymer complex membrane formation of polysulfonic acids was examined by modifying the preparation conditions of the layer-by-layer adsorption method of the acid and base polymers. The complexation of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) in the 0.15 unit mM solution with poly(allylamine) gave a polymer complex membrane on a gold substrate in which one polymer layer was formed with a thickness of 1 nm. Properties including the proton conductivity of the membrane suggested possible applications of the polymer complex membrane.