Synthesis of double-13C-labeled imidazole derivatives

Double-¹³C-labeled imidazole-4-carboxamide (ICA: ¹³C₂-1) and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-riboside (AICAr: ¹³C₂-5) were synthesized from stable isotope-labeled sodium cyanide and triethyl orthoformate. The key intermediate, 4-aminoimidazole-5-carboxamide (AICA: ¹³C₂-4), should also provide access to double-¹³C-labeled histidine and adenosine derivatives via reported methods.     

Synthetic Differential Supergeometry

Three branches of modern mathematics makesomething of infinitesimals per se, namely, nonstandardanalysis, synthetic differential geometry, andsupergeometry. The first is concerned exclusively withinvertible infinitesimals, whereas the second deals mainlywith nilpotent ones. Both of the former two are engagedexclusively in commuting or bosonic infinitesimals,while the third treats anticommuting or fermionic ones, leading to so-called noncommutativemathematics. the unification of the first two approacheswas nicely discussed by Moerdijk and Reyes, but theunification of the second and the third seems to remain open. The principal objective of this paper isto fill the gap, arguing that a super version ofmicrolinear space, dubbed supermicrolinearspace, is a natural generalization ofsupermanifold, just as the synthetic concept of microlinearspace is replacing the classical concept of smoothmanifold. The central result of the paper is that thegraded tangency of a supermicrolinear space forms a Lie superalgebra, while it is well known thatthe tangency of a microlinear space (i.e., its totalityof vector fields) forms a Lie algebra.     

Dynamical properties of solutions of LiNO3 in (1,3)-diaminopropane in the liquid and glassy states

Quasielastic neutron scattering measurements have been made for concentrated solutions of LiNO₃ in (1,3)-diaminopropane in the liquid and glassy states. The results indicate that a harmonic lattice vibration-like motion of the atoms in solid glasses changes around the glass transition temperature to an intermediate one prior to a translational diffusive motion at higher temperatures. This picture is consistent with the previous results obtaiend from NMR relaxation mearsuremts.     

Levitation of metallic melt by using the simultaneous imposition of the alternating and the static magnetic fields

This study developed a new levitation method, which used the simultaneous imposition of static and alternating magnetic fields. Dynamic behavior was measured for pure Cu and pure Ni melts levitated by the proposed method. The oscillation due to surface tension and convection in levitated Cu melts were hardly observed at static magnetic fields exceeding 1 T. Only the rotation of this axis parallel to the static magnetic field was observed under high static magnetic fields. The proposed method demonstrated that metallic melt could be statically levitated like a solid sphere. It was also found that stable levitation of paramagnetic Ni melt was rather difficult at static magnetic fields exceeding 5 T, because of the magnetization force.