Thermal phase transition of RbMnFe(CN)6 observed by X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy

The thermal phase transition of RbMnFe(CN)₆ has been observed by Mn and Fe 3p-1s X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and 1s X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The thermal variations of the spin states and the valences of Mn and Fe were determined to be Mn²⁺(S=5/2)-NC-Fe³⁺(S=1/2) for the high-temperature (HT) phase and Mn³⁺(S=2)-NC-Fe²⁺(S=0) for the low-temperature (LT) phase. These transitions are thus caused by charge transfer between Mn and Fe. The temperature dependences of Mn and Fe 3p-1s XES and 1s XAS were observed as the composition of the spectra of the HT and LT phases. The ratios of the HT component in each spectrum show good agreement with the thermal transition curves observed with magnetic susceptibility measurements.     

Coexistence of α-clustering and shell structure in40Ca

The energy spectrum and α-spectroscopic factors of⁴⁰Ca are calculated by using an α+³⁶Ar orthogonality condition model. Overall agreement is obtained with the experimental data. The model successfully produces the parity-doubletK ^π=O ⁺ and O^? α+³⁶Ar cluster bands. It is shown that the coexistence and interference of α-cluster states and shell-model states are indispensable to understand the structure of⁴⁰Ca.     

Immobilization of RuS2 Nanoparticles Prepared in Reverse Micellar System onto Thiol-Modified Polystyrene Particles and their Photocatalytic Properties

RuS₂ nanoparticles, smaller than 3 nm in diameter, were prepared by H₂S gas injection into the AOT/isooctane reverse micellar solution containing RuCl₃ aqueous solution. The nanoparticle size was found to be independent of the W_o (water content) value of the reverse micellar system, as shown by TEM observation. The recovery and immobilization of the RuS₂ nanoparticles from reverse micelles onto thiol-modified polystyrene particles (PSt-SH) were successfully carried out, by the addition of PSt-SH into the reverse micellar solution under conditions of mild stirring. The resulting composites, PSt-RuS₂, showed photocatalytic activity for H₂ generation form aqueous solution containing 2-propanol and Na₂SO₃ as sacrificial electron donors.     

Volume reduction and tritium retention factor in electrolytic enrichment of water

Volume reduction(N), tritium retention factor (R), tritium concentration factor(Z) and apparent separation factor(beta) were measured on the large and small electrolytic cell systems. The relative variation of R was smaller than that of Z. So, it is recommended to use R in calculation of tritium concentrations in water samples. Furthermore, it was empirically revealed that R can be obtained only from N if a reliable beta-value is previously known. Therefore, it is possible to obtain R without electrolysis of the tritium standard solution. Taking into account the above facts, the so-called non-spike analysis of tritium, in which electrolytic enrichment and liquid scintillation counting are combined, becomes practicable.     

Furopyridines. XXXI. Birch reduction of furopyridines

Birch reduction of four furopyridines 1a‐d effected the characteristic cleavage of the furan ring, giving ethnylpyridinols 2a‐d , vinylpyridinols 3b,d , and ethylpyridinols 4a‐d , and the reduction of the furan ring, giving dihydrofuropyridine 5c,d.     

Eu-Doped KCl storage phosphor for erasable and rewritable optical memory utilizing photostimulated luminescence phenomenon

Intense photostimulated luminescence (PSL) with a peak at 420 nm is observed in ultraviolet (UV) Iight-irradiated europium-doped potassium chloride (KCl: Eu) crystalline phosphors. The PSL characteristics of UV-irradiated KCl: Eu phosphor for optical memory application were studied. The excitation and emission mechanisms of the 420 nm PSL, which are consistent with the results obtained, are discussed.     

Biological deodorization of dimethyl sulfide using different fabrics as the carriers of microorganisms

Biological deodorization of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was studied using nine unwoven fabrics as the carriers of microorganisms in a laboratory-scale deodorizing system. The activated carbon fabric FN-200CF-15 was the best packing material compared with other packing materials used, on the basis of removal rate. The maximum removal rate (Vm), evaluated by using Michaelis-Menten equation, was 2.28 g-Skg-dry fab.^-1 day^-1 in this fabric biofilter. The critical load of DMS in this fabric biofilter was dependent on space velocity (SV), determined as 0.78 and 0.66 g-Skg-dry fab.^-1 at SV 100 and 150 h^-1, respectively. Strain IM1 isolated from the carbon fabric FN-200CF-15 biofilter in modified Waksman (MW) medium successfully degraded DMS as well as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methanethiol (MT), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) in batch test. The DMS removal rates (g-S cell^-1h-¹) by this strain measured in batch culture and calculated in FN-200CF-15 biofilter by the cell numbers appeared in MW medium were found almost equal, indicating that strain IM1 may be the dominant microorganism in this biofilter.