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21.
Mohammad Kemal Agusta Melanie David Hiroshi Nakanishi Hideaki Kasai 《Surface science》2010,604(3-4):245-251
A theoretical study on the structure and adsorption mechanism of hydrazine (N2H4) on Ni(1 0 0) are presented. The hydrazine molecule was found to adsorb on the surface through one of its nitrogen atom in its anti-conformation. The charge transfer from hydrazine lone pair orbitals played a key role in the formation of the bonding. The mechanism involved in the bonding was found to reduce the necessity of hyper-conjugation interaction, that reduces the gauche effect found in hydrazine at the gas-phase. Upon adsorption to the surface, the reduced interaction resulted in the promotion of a more favored conformation through its anti-conformation. 相似文献
22.
Quantitative analysis of optical power budget of bismuth oxide-based erbium-doped fiber 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We investigated optical power budget of Bi2O3-based erbium-doped fiber (BIEDF). Lateral spontaneous emissions and scattering laser powers in the BIEDF were measured quantitatively by using an integrating sphere. Compared with the power of amplified spontaneous emission and signal detected at the output fiber end, it was found that considerable powers were consumed by the laterally emitting lights. As an optically undetected loss limits power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the fiber amplifier, the effect of nonradiative decay from the termination level of pump excited state absorption (pump ESA) was estimated from decay rate analyses of the relevant levels. The nonradiative loss was comparable to amplified signal power in the BIEDF when pumped with a 980-nm LD. Nonradiative decay following cooperative upconversion (CUP) process is also discussed using rate equations analysis. 相似文献
23.
Hideaki Fujiwara Atsuomi Kimura Yasuhiro Yanagawa Takashi Kamiya Mineyuki Hattori Takashi Hiraga 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2001,150(2):156
Size dependency of the relaxation time T1 was measured for laser-polarized 129Xe gas encapsulated in different sized cavities made by glass bulbs or gelatin capsules. The use of laser-polarized gas enhances the sensitivity a great deal, making it possible to measure the longer 129Xe relaxation time in quite a short time. The size dependency is analyzed on the basis of the kinetic theory of gases and a relationship is derived in which the relaxation rate is connected with the square inverse of the diameter of the cavity. Such an analysis provides a novel parameter which denotes the wall effect on the relaxation rate when a gas molecule collides with the surface once in a second. The relaxation time of 129Xe gas is also dependent on the material which forms the cavity. This dependency is large and the relaxation study using polarized 129Xe gas is expected to offer important information about the state of the matter of the cavity wall. 相似文献
24.
Choi D Hiro-Oka H Furukawa H Yoshimura R Nakanishi M Shimizu K Ohbayashi K 《Optics letters》2008,33(12):1318-1320
We describe high-speed Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) using optical demultiplexers (ODs) for spectral dispersion. The OD enables separation of a narrow spectral band of 14 GHz (0.11 nm) from a broadband incident light at 256 different frequencies in 25.0 GHz intervals centered at 192.2 THz (1559.8 nm). OCT imaging of 60,000,000 axial scans per second was achieved through parallel signal acquisition using 256 balanced photoreceivers to simultaneously detect all the output signals from the ODs in a Fourier domain OCT system. OCT imaging at a 16 kHz frame rate, 1100 A-lines per frame, 3 mm depth range, and 23 microm resolution was demonstrated using a resonant scanner for lateral scanning. 相似文献
25.
Mayumi B. Takeyama Atsushi Noya Shozo Kambara Yuichiro Hayasaka Hideaki Machida Kazuya Masu 《Applied Surface Science》2009,256(4):1222-1226
We have prepared thin Zr-B films at low temperatures as a new material applicable to an extremely thin barrier against Cu diffusion in Si-ULSI metallization. The obtained Zr-B films mainly consist of the ZrB2 phase with a nanocrystalline texture on SiO2 and a fiber texture on Cu. The resistivity of the Zr-B films depends on the substrate of SiO2 or Cu. The constituent ratio of B/Zr is almost 2, though the contaminants of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are incorporated in the film. The nanocrystalline structure of the Zr-B film on SiO2 is stable due to annealing at temperatures up to 500 °C for 30 min. We applied the 3-nm thick Zr-B film to a diffusion barrier between Cu and SiO2, and the stable barrier properties were confirmed. We can demonstrate that the thin Zr-B film is a promising candidate for thin film application to a metallization material in Si-ULSIs. 相似文献
26.
We performed selective excitations of the first- and second-excited Frenkel exciton states (Q- and B-excitons) with use of sub-40-fs and sub-5-fs visible laser pulses. The transient absorption signals exhibit oscillatory features associated with molecular vibrations. From an analysis of the spectral profiles of the phase and amplitude of the oscillation, the experimental result is well explained by the modulated transition dipole moment, which is caused by the dynamic intensity borrowing from the intense B-transition to the weak Q-transition. 相似文献
27.
Here we show, analytically and numerically, that in a TiO(2) double-groove grating with two different groove widths per period attached on the SiO(2) substrate, the normally incident light couples to the +1st-order transmission with 96.9% efficiency and with a 50° diffraction angle that is larger than the SiO(2)-air interface critical angle. Modal analysis reveals that three propagating modes for the +1st diffraction order reach the grating back end in phase, while the corresponding propagating modes for the -1st and zeroth orders are added destructively at the grating end. Four optical devices based on this grating characteristic are numerically demonstrated. 相似文献
28.
Ken Takayama Senri Soma Taiji Inoue Hideaki Kakinuma Takashi Haraguchi Kaoru Suzuki 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2010,101(4):727-733
Phosphorus-doped diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on quartz and p-type silicon (p-Si) substrates by pulsed-laser
deposition. Open-circuit voltage (V
oc) and short-circuit density (I
sc/cm2) from a heating process converted from one type of electrode to another and the two types of electrode pattern are shown
by the V–I characteristics. The first heating process was by a ceramic heater, and the other was by an infrared heater. We adopted two
electrode patterns, from a bipectinate electrode and a plot pattern electrode, to measure electric photovoltaic characteristics.
We were able to upgrade V
oc and I
sc/cm2 to 35∼45 mV, and 0.24 μA/cm2, respectively, under infrared heating. V
oc by the plot pattern electrode was over 2 V under infrared heating and ceramic heating did not match this on deposition by
the PLD method. 相似文献
29.
Satoshi Kadowaki Hiroshi Suzuki Hideaki Kobayashi 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2005,30(1):169-176
The unstable behavior of cellular premixed flames induced by intrinsic instability is studied by two-dimensional unsteady calculations of reactive flows. In the present numerical simulation, the compressible Navier–Stokes equation including a one-step irreversible chemical reaction is employed. We consider two basic types of phenomena to account for the intrinsic instability of premixed flames, i.e., hydrodynamic and diffusive-thermal effects. The hydrodynamic effect is caused by the thermal expansion through the flame front; the diffusive-thermal effect is caused by the preferential diffusion of mass versus heat. A disturbance with several wavelength components is superimposed on a planar flame, and the formation of a cellular flame induced by hydrodynamic and diffusive-thermal effects is numerically simulated. After the cellular-flame formation, the combination and division of cells are observed. The behavior of cellular-flame fronts becomes more unstable when the Lewis number is lower than unity, since the diffusive-thermal effect has a great influence on the unstable behavior. The cell size changes with time, and its average is greater than the critical wavelength and becomes smaller by decreasing the Lewis number. The flame velocity of cellular flames depends strongly on the length of computational domain in the direction tangential to the flame front. As the length of computational domain increases, the flame velocity becomes larger. This is because the long-wavelength components of disturbances play an important role in the shape of cellular flames, i.e., in the flame-surface area. 相似文献
30.