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91.
Cesar A. Sanchez Jose A. Rodríguez M. Elena Paez‐Hernandez Eva M. Santos Yolanda Castrillejo 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(2):329-334
A zero‐valent iron nanoparticles modified electrode was employed as an amperometric detector in flow conditions to determine metronidazole and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroimidazole in pharmaceutical formulations. Flow injection analysis at ?0.6 V (vs. Ag) achieved limits of detection of 2 and 6 μM for metronidazole and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroimidazole, respectively, but the analysis was not discriminative between the two compounds. When reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography was applied previous to the electrochemical detection both analytes could be analysed simultaneously. However, the limits of detection slightly increased (10 μM) as a consequence of the use of an organic solvent and a lower sample volume. The relative standard deviation of analytical repeatability was <4.0 % in both techniques. The methods were validated by comparing the results obtained from the analysis of commercial samples with those provided by HPLC‐DAD and no significant differences were detected. Results probed that the modified electrode was a successful tool in the FIA and HPLC analysis of nitro compounds. 相似文献
92.
Eliseo Herrero‐Hernandez David Greenfield Thomas J. Smith Robert Akid 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(6):1189-1194
A mediatorless microbial fuel cell was developed using Escherichia coli bacteria and platinised titanium mesh as electrodes, producing a maximum power density of 627 mW m?2. The performance characteristics of the fuel cell were evaluated using both electrochemical and optical techniques. Cyclic Voltammetry showed that an anaerobically grown cell suspension of E. coli was electrochemically active, and is consistent with a role for E. coli‐secreted mediators in the functioning of the cell, after the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data show a variation in the internal resistance during bacterial growth. EIS analysis based on an equivalent circuit revealed that the initial internal resistance of the cell (5.6 MΩ) initially reduces by around 50 % over an 8 hour period; more or less the same time where the fuel cell reaches its maximum potential of 860 mV, whereupon the resistance begins to increase resulting in the corresponding fall in potential; this trend was reversible upon the introduction of further nutrients into the cell. 相似文献
93.
E. Camarillo H. Murrieta J.M. Hernandez R. Zoilo M.C. Flores T.P.J. Han F. Jaque 《Journal of luminescence》2008,128(5-6):747-750
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals doped with chromium ions show a clear green colouring reflecting the absorption profile of the dominating [Cr]Li defect centres. A significant change in its colouration takes place when it is co-doped with other valency impurities such as Mg2+, Sc3+ and W6+, above a certain threshold concentration. This concentration singularity has been attributed to the formation of [Cr]Nb centres coexisting with the [Cr]Li centres.In this work, we extended the investigation on the effect of co-dopant ions in Cr:LiNbO3 to tetravalent cation such as GeO2. A singularity in the relative intensity of the 4A2→4T1 and 4A2→4T2 absorption band was observed for a concentration of ~1.5 mol%, compared with 4.5 mol% for Mg2+. The photoluminescence emission spectra also reveal a new emission band, at a lower energy than the [Cr]Li centre, corresponding to this threshold concentration. A charge compensation model is proposed to explain the role of cation impurities and results are compared with those of other valence impurities. 相似文献
94.
H. Mühe Mc. Candless E. Valenta Utz Wilh Vaubel B. Ahlström O. Aschan J. Kondakow J. Schindelmeiser R. Böhme H. Herzfeld J. E. Teeple R. Adan J. Marcusson Darmois H. Wolff C. Piest R. Marcille EA. Parry M. Adams H. W. Fosse K. Ihnatowzcz 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1917,56(10-11):541-560
95.
J. William Helton Daniel P. McAllaster Joshua A. Hernandez 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》2008,61(1):77-102
The paper introduces a notion of the Laplace operator of a polynomial p in noncommutative variables x = (x
1,…, x
g
). The Laplacian Lap[p, h] of p is a polynomial in x and in a noncommuting variable h. When all variables commute we have Lap[p, h] = h
2Δ
x
p where Δ
x
p is the usual Laplacian. A symmetric polynomial in symmetric variables will be called harmonic if Lap[p, h] = 0 and subharmonic if the polynomial q(x, h) := Lap[p, h] takes positive semidefinite matrix values whenever matrices X
1,…, X
g
, H are substituted for the variables x
1,…, x
g
, h. In this paper we classify all homogeneous symmetric harmonic and subharmonic polynomials in two symmetric variables. We
find there are not many of them: for example, the span of all such subharmonics of any degree higher than 4 has dimension
2 (if odd degree) and 3 (if even degree). Hopefully, the approach here will suggest ways of defining and analyzing other partial
differential equations and inequalities.
Dedicated to Israel Gohberg on the occasion of his 80th birthday.
All authors were partially supported by J.W. Helton’s grants from the NSF and the Ford Motor Co. and J. A. Hernandez was supported
by a McNair Fellowship. 相似文献
96.
Guiffo-Soh G Hernandez B Coïc YM Boukhalfa-Heniche FZ Fadda G Ghomi M 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(4):1282-1289
Circular dichroism (CD) and Raman scattering were applied to the aqueous solution of minimalist LK peptides constructed with successive KL repeats leading to the following generic primary sequence: (KL)nK. Three peptides of this family, a 3-mer (n=1), a 9-mer (n=4), and a 15-mer (n=7), are analyzed in this report. Raman spectra of the 3-mer (KLK, a random chain) and its labile-hydrogen deuterated species yield a set of interesting information for analyzing longer peptides of this series. Although the CD spectrum of the 9-mer (KLKLKLKLK) reveals a signal traditionally assigned to a random structure, the corresponding Raman spectrum allows finding a mixture of conformations in solution, adopting predominantly beta-type structures. This fact proves the utility of Raman spectroscopy to eliminate eventual ambiguity concerning conformational assignments in peptides based only on the use of CD technique. Finally, the 15-mer (KLKLKLKLKLKLKLK) gives rise to CD and Raman spectra clearly assignable to a beta-type structure. On the basis of all the observed results on the 15-mer, we can confirm that this peptide may exist as isolated beta-strands at low concentration (sub-micromolar), flat-oriented at the air/water interface, whereas at high concentrations (millimolar), non-H-bonded immersible aggregates might be formed. A hypothetical model for these beta-strand aggregates could be proposed as stabilized by an interior hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic external face, formed by leucine and lysine side chains, respectively. 相似文献
97.
Scherl A Shaffer SA Taylor GK Hernandez P Appel RD Binz PA Goodlett DR 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2008,19(6):891-901
The advantages and disadvantages of acquiring tandem mass spectra by collision-induced dissociation (CID) of peptides in linear ion trap Fourier-transform hybrid instruments are described. These instruments offer the possibility to transfer fragment ions from the linear ion trap to the FT-based analyzer for analysis with both high resolution and high mass accuracy. In addition, performing CID during the transfer of ions from the linear ion trap (LTQ) to the FT analyzer is also possible in instruments containing an additional collision cell (i.e., the "C-trap" in the LTQ-Orbitrap), resulting in tandem mass spectra over the full m/z range and not limited by the ejection q value of the LTQ. Our results show that these scan modes have lower duty cycles than tandem mass spectra acquired in the LTQ with nominal mass resolution, and typically result in fewer peptide identifications during data-dependent analysis of complex samples. However, the higher measured mass accuracy and resolution provides more specificity and hence provides a lower false positive ratio for the same number of true positives during database search of peptide tandem mass spectra. In addition, the search for modified and unexpected peptides is greatly facilitated with this data acquisition mode. It is therefore concluded that acquisition of tandem mass spectral data with high measured mass accuracy and resolution is a competitive alternative to "classical" data acquisition strategies, especially in situations of complex searches from large databases, searches for modified peptides, or for peptides resulting from unspecific cleavages. 相似文献
98.
Chathuranga S. L. Rathnamalala Selena Hernandez Dr. Melissa Y. Lucero Chelsea B. Swartchick Dr. Abdul Kalam Shaik Prof. Dr. Nathan I. Hammer Amanda K. East Prof. Dr. Steven R. Gwaltney Prof. Dr. Jefferson Chan Prof. Dr. Colleen N. Scott 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(13):e202214855
Shortwave infrared (SWIR) dyes are characterized by their ability to absorb light from 900 to 1400 nm, which is ideal for deep tissue imaging owing to minimized light scattering and interference from endogenous pigments. An approach to access such molecules is to tune the photophysical properties of known near-infrared dyes. Herein, we report the development of a series of easily accessible (three steps) SWIR xanthene dyes based on a dibenzazepine donor conjugated to thiophene ( SCR-1 ), thienothiophene ( SCR-2 ), or bithiophene ( SCR-3 ). We leverage the fact that SCR-1 undergoes a bathochromic shift when aggregated for in vivo studies by developing a ratiometric nanoparticle for NO ( rNP-NO ), which we employed to successfully visualize pathological levels of nitric oxide in a drug-induced liver injury model via deep tissue SWIR photoacoustic (PA) imaging. Our work demonstrates how easily this dye series can be utilized as a component in nanosensor designs for imaging studies. 相似文献
99.
Klaus Tauer Hugo Hernandez Steffen Kozempel Olga Lazareva Pantea Nazaran 《Colloid and polymer science》2008,286(5):499-515
The application of atypical experimental methods such as conductivity measurements, optical microscopy, and nonstirred polymerizations
to investigations of the ‘classical’ batch ab initio emulsion polymerization of styrene revealed astonishing facts. The most
important result is the discovery of spontaneous emulsification leading to monomer droplets even in the quiescent styrene
in water system. These monomer droplets with a size between a few and some hundreds of nanometers, which are formed by spontaneous
emulsification as soon as styrene and water are brought into contact, have a strong influence on the particle nucleation,
the particle morphology, and the swelling of the particles. Experimental results confirm that micelles of low-molecular-weight
surfactants are not a major locus of particle nucleation. Brownian dynamics simulations show that the capture of matter by
the particles strongly depends on the polymer volume fraction and the size of the captured species (primary free radicals,
oligomers, single monomer molecules, or clusters). 相似文献
100.
Intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of several N-O linked 4-vinylimidazole dimers provide the expected adduct in moderate to good yield as a single, all trans stereoisomer, along with smaller amounts of the inverse electron demand adduct. Oxidative rearrangement of the cycloadducts occurs on treatment with Davis' reagent, providing a single spiro imidazolone in good yield and with excellent levels of stereocontrol albeit epimeric at the spiro center found in axinellamine and massadine. 相似文献