首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   324篇
  免费   15篇
  国内免费   1篇
化学   216篇
晶体学   15篇
力学   7篇
数学   18篇
物理学   84篇
  2023年   3篇
  2022年   10篇
  2021年   12篇
  2020年   7篇
  2019年   13篇
  2018年   3篇
  2017年   7篇
  2016年   13篇
  2015年   12篇
  2014年   25篇
  2013年   16篇
  2012年   33篇
  2011年   42篇
  2010年   18篇
  2009年   11篇
  2008年   22篇
  2007年   11篇
  2006年   16篇
  2005年   10篇
  2004年   7篇
  2003年   20篇
  2002年   6篇
  2001年   6篇
  2000年   4篇
  1999年   4篇
  1997年   1篇
  1996年   1篇
  1995年   1篇
  1992年   2篇
  1991年   1篇
  1990年   1篇
  1987年   1篇
  1982年   1篇
排序方式: 共有340条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
121.
We perform density functional calculations to investigate structural and dynamical properties of crystalline polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) associated with the transition from α to β phase. We examine the change of the conformational energy and the corresponding structure of each phase depending on the lattice parameters of the orthorhombic crystalline structure. From this information, we construct the path that connects the point where the α phase is most stable to the point where the β phase is most stable, and identify the sub‐ region in the lattice parameter space where α and β phases have the same energy. In this sub‐region, we locate the point which gives the lowest conformation energy for both α and β phases, and examine the behaviour of the lowest energy profile and corresponding change of intermediate structures as the conformation of the PVDF chain transforms from α phase to β phase. Finally we perform ab‐initio molecular dynamics simulations and analyse the characteristic dynamics associated with transition from α to β phase. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   
122.
Kai Xu  Jong Heo 《Journal of Non》2012,358(5):921-924
Precipitation of PbS quantum dots (QDs) in silicate glasses controlled by Ag+ ion diffusion was investigated. Ag+ ions penetrated ~ 0.5 μm into the glass when the glass was immersed in the AgNO3 solution at 80 °C. Ag nano-particles (NPs) and PbS QDs were formed after heat-treatment at temperatures of 420–460 °C for 10 h. PbS QDs in Ag+-diffused regions photoluminesced at longer wavelengths than did those in Ag+-free regions. This indicates that PbS QDs thus formed in regions containing Ag NPs were larger than those in Ag+-free regions and this size difference was confirmed from the transmission electron microscope images. PbS QDs can grow at temperature as low as 420 °C in Ag+-diffused regions and this implies that PbS QDs form preferentially using Ag NPs as nucleating agents.  相似文献   
123.
Synchronized bursts are a very common feature in biological neural networks, and they play an important role in various brain functions and neurological diseases. This Letter investigates "recurrent synchronized bursts" induced by a single pulse stimulation in cultured networks of rat cortical neurons. We look at how the precision in their arrival times can be modified by a noble time-delayed stimulation protocol, which we term as "Δt training." The emergence of recurrent bursts and the change of the precision in their arrival times can be explained by the stochastic resonance of a damped, subthreshold, neural oscillation.  相似文献   
124.
In this study, the effects of the annealing duration of a zinc oxide (ZnO) buffer layer on structural and optical properties of ZnO rods grown by a hydrothermal process are discussed. A ZnO buffer layer was deposited on p-type Si (1 1 1) substrates by the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method. After that, ZnO rods were grown on the ZnO-buffer/Si (1 1 1) substrate by a hydrothermal process. In order to determine the optimum annealing duration of the buffer layer for the growth of ZnO rods, durations ranging from 0.5 to 30 min were tried. The morphology and crystal structure of the ZnO/ZnO-buffer/Si (1 1 1) were measured by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical properties were investigated by photoluminescence (PL) measurement.  相似文献   
125.
A femtosecond laser based on an Yb:KYW crystal with direct longitudinal pumping by a high-power semiconductor injection laser with a fiber output is described. Femtosecond pulses were generated in the self-longitudinal-mode-locking operating condition due to the use of a semiconductor saturable absorber. The average power of the oscillator was as high as 3.5 W at a central wavelength of 1035 nm, the pulse length and pulse repetition rate being 200 fs and 85.5 MHz, respectively. The product of the pulse length and the radiation spectrum width was 1.3 times higher than the theoretical limit for the pulse shape described by the function sech2. The designed master oscillator can be also used as a stand-alone source of femtosecond radiation pulses for material microprocessing and primary source for femtosecond laser amplification systems.  相似文献   
126.
We have observed spontaneous symmetry breaking of the population of Brownian particles between two moving potentials in the spatiotemporally symmetric system. Cold atoms preferentially occupy one of the dynamic double-well potentials, produced in the parametrically driven dissipative magneto-optical trap far from equilibrium, above a critical number of atoms. We find that the population asymmetry, which may be interpreted as the biased Brownian motion, can be qualitatively described by the mean-field Ising-class phase transition. This in situ study may be useful for investigation of dynamic phase transition or temporal behavior of critical phenomena.  相似文献   
127.
Cuprous selenide nanocrystals have hallmark attributes, especially tunable localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and super‐ionic behavior. These attributes of cuprous selenide are now integrated with a one‐dimensional morphology. Essentially, Cu2Se nanowires (NWs) of micrometer‐scale lengths and about 10 nm diameter are prepared. The NWs exhibit a super‐ionic phase that is stable at temperatures lower than in the bulk, owing to compressive lattice strain along the radial dimension of the NWs. The NWs can be switched between oxidized and reduced forms, which have contrasting phase transition and LSPR characteristics. This work thus makes available switchable, one‐dimensional waveguides and ion‐conducting channels.  相似文献   
128.
Skin photoaging, which is mainly induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, is prevented by the application of UV‐protective agents. The microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica (N. oceanica) has been primarily reported as a potential biofuel; however, in this study, we investigated whether N. oceanica extracts exerted photoprotective effects against UVB‐irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and which single component was responsible for the protective effect of the extracts. Two extracts—pigment and nonpigment—were prepared from N. oceanica biomass. WST‐1 assay and expression analysis of interleukin genes showed that the pigment extracts were not significantly cytotoxic to HDFs. Further experiments revealed that treatment with the pigment extract upregulated the expression of collagen genes and significantly blocked UVB‐induced damage such as decreased cell viability and increased ROS production. Next, to investigate the pigment composition of the extracts, HPLC analysis was conducted and violaxanthin was identified as the major pigment. The UVB photoprotective effect of the pigment extracts was confirmed in violaxanthin‐treated HDFs. In addition, violaxanthin significantly attenuated UVB‐induced G1 phase arrest, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activation, p16 and p21 upregulation, ERK phosphorylation and the downregulation of ECM molecules in HDFs. Therefore, we concluded that violaxanthin was a potential antiphotoaging agent.  相似文献   
129.
Chao Liu  Yong Kon Kwon  Jong Heo   《Journal of Non》2009,355(37-42):1880-1883
Optical properties of PbS quantum dots (QDs) precipitated inside the oxide glass matrix were investigated. Photoluminescence (PL) from the PbS QDs showed peak wavelengths located at 1170–1680 nm with widths of 150–550 nm. Radii of QDs in glasses were 2.3–4.7 nm depending upon the thermal treatment. Peak wavelengths of PL bands shifted as much as 70 nm as the temperatures and excitation irradiances increased. Calculated effective local temperatures indicated that these shifts of PL spectra were associated with local heating induced by the temperatures and laser beam.  相似文献   
130.
Source identification of acoustic characteristics of in-duct fluid machinery is required for coping with the fluid-borne noise. By knowing the acoustic pressure and particle velocity field at the source plane in detail, the sound generation mechanism of a fluid machine can be understood. The identified spatial distribution of the strength of major radiators would be useful for the low noise design. Conventional methods for measuring the source in a wide duct have not been very helpful in investigating the source properties in detail because their spatial resolution is improper for the design purpose. In this work, an inverse method to estimate the source parameters with a high spatial resolution is studied. The theoretical formulation including the evanescent modes and near-field measurement data is given for a wide duct. After validating the proposed method to a duct excited by an acoustic driver, an experiment on a duct system driven by an air blower is conducted in the presence of flow. A convergence test for the evanescent modes is performed to find the necessary number of modes to regenerate the measured pressure field precisely. By using the converged modal amplitudes, very-close near-field pressure to the source is regenerated and compared with the measured pressure, and the maximum error was −16.3 dB. The source parameters are restored from the converged modal amplitudes. Then, the distribution of source parameters on the driver and the blower is clearly revealed with a high spatial resolution for kR<1.84 in which range only plane waves can propagate to far field in a duct. Measurement using a flush mounted sensor array is discussed, and the removal of pure radial modes in the modeling is suggested.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号