Phenylselenium Trichloride,Preparation and Use as a Vinylic Chlorination Reagent

Phenylselenium trichloride (1) is prepared from benzeneseleninic acid (2) and thionyl chloride and used to effect vinylic chlorination, viz. the conversion of 3-chloro-2-chloromethyl-1-propene (4) into 2-chloromethyl-1,3-dichloro-propene (3).     

Analysis of the plant growth regulator chlormequat in soil and water by means of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry,pressurised liquid extraction,and solid-phase extraction

We present a new, precise and accurate method for quantitative analysis of chlormequat in soil and aqueous matrices. The method, which is based on LC–MS/MS, pressurised liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction, is eminently suitable for studying the fate of chlormequat in the soil environment. The limit of detection is 0.003–0.008 μg/L for rainwater, surface water and groundwater and 0.07–0.4 μg/kg for soil. In water samples amended to 0.04 μg/L, precision is better than 10%. The residual content of chlormequat in three agricultural topsoils analysed 4 months after its application was 23–55 μg/kg (12–23% of the amount applied). No trace of chlormequat was detected in groundwater from 66 water supply wells located in rural areas treated with chlormequat.     

Some properties of algebras of real-valued measurable functions

Measures and measurable functions are used primarily as tools for carrying out various calculations to increase our knowledge. We learn how to combine them in various ways by studying real analysis; a very useful subject on which very much has been written. In this paper, we regard measurable functions as algebras of real-valued functions (or equivalence classes of them) on a set or topological space under point-wise addition, multiplication, or lattice operations and our techniques resemble closely those used to study algebras of continuous functions. This is done by examining a number of explicit examples including Borel and Lebesgue measures and measurable functions.