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11.
Eberhard Neumann Elvira Boldt Barbara Rauer Hendrik Wolf Hai Won Chang 《Macromolecular Symposia》1988,17(1):1-16
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAcChR) of the electric organ of Torpedo californica fish exhibits a pronounced hysteresis loop in the high affinity binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (AcCh). When increasing amounts of AcCh are added (pulse mode) an extremely long-lived, metastable conformer distribution is obtained (lower hysteresis branch) between low affinity AcCh binding states (Rl) and high (Rh) and very high (Rvh) affinity states. Dialysis conditions always lead to the equilibrium binding curve (upper hysteresis branch; K̄A = 5 × 10−9M, 4°C; one A bound to the R-monomer of Mr ≈ 290 000). Cyclic, pulse mode addition and dilution of AcCh results in scanning loops within the main hysteresis. The kinetic analysis of the changes in free and bound AcCh during the open-system conditions of dialysis, that releases the metastability, shows that the AcCh (A) binding proceeds along an induced-fit pathway according to A+Rh ⇋ ARn ⇋ ARvh. The rate constant of the step ARh → ARvh is k2 = 6 × 10−3s−1 and that of the reverse step is k−2 = 3 × 10−4s−1. Direct binding of A to free Rvh can be excluded. Therefore, the state Rvh does not preexist, it is induced and only stable, as ARvh, by bound AcCh. The metastability can be described in terms of long-lived ARvh ·R1 hybrid dimers. Physiologically, the metastable hybrid may be viewed as a saving device: the functionally important, channel-active R1 conformer is, at low AcCh-concentrations [A] < 1μM, prevented to convert to the desensitized states Rh and ARvh. Furtheron, AcCh enhances the phosphorylation of phosphatidyl inositol and the auto-phosphorylation of the receptor. If the AcCh binding hysteresis causes a phosphorylation hysteresis the desensitized nAcChR may serve as a memory molecule of the transsynaptic information signalling of the neurotransmission. 相似文献
12.
Hendrik Vogt 《Archiv der Mathematik》2010,95(1):31-34
We present a result on relative weak* compactness in the dual of a Banach space X that allows a short proof of both the Eberlein–Šmulian theorem and Šmulian’s characterisation of weak compactness of closed
convex subsets of X. 相似文献
13.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - 相似文献
14.
Hendrik Schneider Lukas Deweid Thomas Pirzer Desislava Yanakieva Simon Englert Bastian Becker Dr. Olga Avrutina Prof. Dr. Harald Kolmar 《ChemistryOpen》2019,8(3):354-357
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are multicomponent biomolecules that have emerged as a powerful tool for targeted tumor therapy. Combining specific binding of an immunoglobulin with toxic properties of a payload, they however often suffer from poor hydrophilicity when loaded with a high amount of toxins. To address these issues simultaneously, we developed dextramabs, a novel class of hybrid antibody-drug conjugates. In these architectures, the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab is equipped with a multivalent dextran polysaccharide that enables efficient loading with a potent toxin in a controllable fashion. Our modular chemoenzymatic approach provides an access to synthetic dextramabs bearing monomethyl auristatin as releasable cytotoxic cargo. They possess high drug-to-antibody ratios, remarkable hydrophilicity, and high toxicity in vitro. 相似文献
15.
In this paper, we prove that the Hermitian quadrangle is the unique generalized quadrangle Γ of order (q
2, q
3) containing some subquadrangle of order (q
2, q) isomorphic to such that every central elation of the subquadrangle is induced by a collineation of Γ.
Dedicated to Dan Hughes on the occasion of his 80th birthday. 相似文献
16.
We characterize the finite Veronesean
of all Hermitian varieties of PG(n,q2) as the unique representation of PG(n,q2) in PG(d,q), d n(n+2), where points and lines of PG(n,q2) are represented by points and ovoids of solids, respectively, of PG(d,q), with the only condition that the point set of PG(d,q) corresponding to the point set of PG(n,q2) generates PG(d,q). Using this result for n=2, we show that
is characterized by the following properties: (1)
; (2) each hyperplane of PG(8,q) meets
in q2+1, q3+1 or q3+q2+1 points; (3) each solid of PG(8,q) having at least q+3 points in common with
shares exactly q2+1 points with it.51E24 相似文献
17.
Frank Michler Hendrik van Hees Dennis D. Dietrich Stefan Leupold Carsten Greiner 《Annals of Physics》2013
In the early stage of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions chiral symmetry is restored temporarily. During this so-called chiral phase transition, the quark masses change from their constituent to their bare values. This mass shift leads to the spontaneous non-perturbative creation of quark–antiquark pairs, which effectively contributes to the formation of the quark–gluon plasma. We investigate the photon production induced by this creation process. We provide an approach that eliminates possible unphysical contributions from the vacuum polarization and renders the resulting photon spectra integrable in the ultraviolet domain. The off-equilibrium photon numbers are of quadratic order in the perturbative coupling constants while a thermal production is only of quartic order. Quantitatively, we find, however, that for the most physical mass-shift scenarios and for photon momenta larger than 1 GeV the off-equilibrium processes contribute less photons than the thermal processes. 相似文献
18.
The standard C∗-algebraic version of the algebra of canonical commutation relations, the Weyl algebra, frequently causes difficulties in applications since it neither admits the formulation of physically interesting dynamical laws nor does it incorporate pertinent physical observables such as (bounded functions of) the Hamiltonian. Here a novel C∗-algebra of the canonical commutation relations is presented which does not suffer from such problems. It is based on the resolvents of the canonical operators and their algebraic relations. The resulting C∗-algebra, the resolvent algebra, is shown to have many desirable analytic properties and the regularity structure of its representations is surprisingly simple. Moreover, the resolvent algebra is a convenient framework for applications to interacting and to constrained quantum systems, as we demonstrate by several examples. 相似文献
19.
Sisourat N Sann H Kryzhevoi NV Kolorenč P Havermeier T Sturm F Jahnke T Kim HK Dörner R Cederbaum LS 《Physical review letters》2010,105(17):173401
The interatomic electronic decay after inner-valence ionization of a neon atom by a single photon in a neon-helium dimer is investigated. The excited neon atom relaxes via interatomic Coulombic decay and the excess energy is transferred to the helium atom and ionizes it. We show that the decay process is only possible if the dimer's bond stretches up to 6.2 ?, i.e., to more than twice the equilibrium interatomic distance of the neutral dimer. Thus, it is demonstrated that the electronic decay, taking place at such long distances, is driven by the nuclear motion. 相似文献
20.
Cover Picture: Absolute Configuration from Different Multifragmentation Pathways in Light‐Induced Coulomb Explosion Imaging (ChemPhysChem 16/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Martin Pitzer Gregor Kastirke Dr. Maksim Kunitski Dr. Till Jahnke Dr. Tobias Bauer Christoph Goihl Florian Trinter Carl Schober Kevin Henrichs Jasper Becht Stefan Zeller Helena Gassert Markus Waitz Andreas Kuhlins Hendrik Sann Felix Sturm Florian Wiegandt Dr. Robert Wallauer Dr. Lothar Ph. H. Schmidt Allan S. Johnson Manuel Mazenauer Benjamin Spenger Sabrina Marquardt Sebastian Marquardt Prof. Dr. Horst Schmidt‐Böcking Prof. Dr. Jürgen Stohner Prof. Dr. Reinhard Dörner Dr. Markus Schöffler Prof. Dr. Robert Berger 《Chemphyschem》2016,17(16):2448-2448