Discontinuous superlinear elliptic equations of divergence form

We prove existence and global Hölder regularity of the weak solution to the Dirichlet problem $\left\{ {\begin{array}{lc} {{\rm div} \left( a^{ij} (x,u)D_{j} u \right) = b(x,u,Du) \quad {\rm in}\, \Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^{n}, \, n \ge 2,} \\ {u = 0 \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \,{\rm on}\, \partial\Omega \in C^{1}. } \\ \end{array}} \right.$ The coefficients a ^ij (x, u) are supposed to be VMO functions with respect to x while the term b(x, u, Du) allows controlled growth with respect to the gradient Du and satisfies a sort of sign-condition with respect to u. Our results correct and generalize the announcements in Ragusa (Nonlinear Differ Equ Appl 13:605–617, 2007, Erratum in Nonlinear Differ Equ Appl 15:277–277, 2008).     

Simulation of Ca2+ and Mg2+ solvation using polarizable atomic multipole potential

The alkaline earth metals calcium and magnesium are critically involved in many biomolecular processes. To understand the hydration thermodynamics of these ions, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations using a polarizable potential. Particle-mesh Ewald for point multipoles has been applied to the calculation of electrostatic interactions. The parameters in this model have been determined from an ab initio quantum mechanical calculation of dimer interactions between ions and water. Two methods for ion solvation free energy calculation, free energy perturbation, and the Bennett acceptance ratio have been compared. Both predict results consistent with other theoretical estimations while the Bennett approach leads to a much smaller statistical error. Based on the Born theory and the ion-oxygen radial distribution functions, we estimate the effective size of the ions in solution, concluding that K(+) > Na(+) congruent with Ca(2+) > Mg(2+). There appears to be much stronger perturbation in water structure, dynamics, and dipole moment around the divalent cations than the monovalent K(+) and Na(+). The average water coordination numbers for Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) are 7.3 and 6, respectively. The lifetime of water molecules in the first solvation shell of Mg(2+) is on the order of hundreds of picoseconds, in contrast to only few picoseconds for Ca(2+), K(+), or Na(+).     

A generalization of Bessel"s inequality and Parseval"s identity

We present an inequality and an identity involving Gram determinants, which can be viewed as a generalization of Bessel"s and Parseval"s, respectively. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Preparation of zirconia aerogel by heating of alcohol–aqueous salt solution

Using zirconyl nitrate dihydrate as starting material, zirconia aerogel with high specific surface area was prepared by heating zirconyl nitrate dihydrate solution with an alcohol–aqueous mixture and supercritical drying method (SCFD). It was characterized by XRD, TEM and BET methods. The specific area of primary ZrO₂ aerogel could reach 675.6 m²/g which was much higher than that of documents so far. While both the specific surface area and pore volume decreased markedly on increasing the calciniation temperature. Contrast with the powder synthesized by ordinary trend, the content of t-ZrO₂ in the aerogel increased when the calcination temperature improved from 500 to 700 °C, the percentage of tetragonal phase was 86% at 700 °C. And it was very interesting that the particle size of the aerogel was bigger than 30 nm after being roasted in 1000 °C, the tetragonal phase still existed.     

NMR Study on the Hydration of Ions in Microemulsion——Bis-2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid-Alcohol-Kerosine-Water System

In the present investigation we have observed the proton shift of water of hydration of metal ions in a microemulsion formed by adding water gradually front 0.05% to 20% to a moisture-free bis-2-ethflhexyl phosphoric acid-alcohol-kerosine sistem saponified by metallic sodium,so that the mole ratio of concentration (M )/V(H2O) can be varied from 100:1 to 1:100.Under such conditions,we have obtained the lirni's of SME for various cations as follows 6.78PPm(NH4 ),6.80(Li ).5.96(Na ).6.40(K ),in comparison with the proton shift of liquid water,H2O=4.80PPm.     

Volatile Organic Compounds from Bacillus aryabhattai MCCC 1K02966 with Multiple Modes against Meloidogyne incognita

Plant-parasitic nematodes cause severe losses to crop production and economies all over the world. Bacillus aryabhattai MCCC 1K02966, a deep-sea bacterium, was obtained from the Southwest Indian Ocean and showed nematicidal and fumigant activities against Meloidogyne incognita in vitro. The nematicidal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the fermentation broth of B. aryabhattai MCCC 1K02966 were investigated further using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Four VOCs, namely, pentane, 1-butanol, methyl thioacetate, and dimethyl disulfide, were identified in the fermentation broth. Among these VOCs, methyl thioacetate exhibited multiple nematicidal activities, including contact nematicidal, fumigant, and repellent activities against M. incognita. Methyl thioacetate showed a significant contact nematicidal activity with 87.90% mortality at 0.01 mg/mL by 72 h, fumigant activity in mortality 91.10% at 1 mg/mL by 48 h, and repellent activity at 0.01–10 mg/mL. In addition, methyl thioacetate exhibited 80–100% egg-hatching inhibition on the 7th day over the range of 0.5 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL. These results showed that methyl thioacetate from MCCC 1K02966 control M. incognita with multiple nematicidal modes and can be used as a potential biological control agent.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备NiO／SiO2催化剂研究

分别以正硅酸乙酯、硝酸镍为硅源和镍源,采用溶胶－凝胶法,经超临界流体干燥和普通干燥制备了NiO-A-SiO2、NiO-G-SiO2催化剂;以气凝胶和干凝胶为载体,采用浸渍法制备了NiO/A-SiO2、NiO/G-SiO2催化剂。并用XRD、TEM、BET、TPR等手段,研究了制备方法对催化剂织构、结构和Ni物种存在形态的影响,发现NiO-A-SiO2和NiO-G-SiO2催化剂上高度分散的NiO簇团与SiO2之间有较强的相互作用,其顺酐液相选择加氢转化率低于10％;NiO/G-SiO2催化剂上,以单一物种形态存在的NiO与SiO2相互作用弱,顺酐转化率为42％;NiO/A-SiO2催化剂上,以多种形态存在的微量NiO与SiO2间的相互作用较复杂,其顺酐液相选择加氢的转化率和丁二酸酐的选择性分别可达100％和98％。     

高功率激光放大器脉冲的整形设计

 针对惯性约束聚变实验对激光驱动器脉冲波形的要求,将优化控制模型理论运用于计算激光放大器输入脉冲的预补偿波形,得到了与实验基本一致的结果。同时给出了我国新一代高功率激光器“神光 Ⅲ”装置主放大器级输入脉冲波形的设计要求。     

一种氧化海藻酸钠基温敏凝胶的制备与性能

合成出一种具有温敏特性的多官能团的大分子聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酰肼)(PNMH),用它交联氧化的海藻酸钠(OSA),得到可生物降解的温敏凝胶PNMH-OSA.分别以凝胶的透光率随温度变化和凝胶在磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中的溶胀比随时间变化来考察凝胶的温敏性能和降解性能,并采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和激光共焦拉曼光谱(LCRS)对样品进行了表征.结果表明,PNMH-OSA凝胶是通过PNMH上的—NHNH2和OSA上的—CHO反应生成C N键而形成的化学交联凝胶;随着凝胶中PNMH量的增加,PNMH-OSA凝胶的温敏性增强,降解时间延长;温敏组分的含量对PNMH-OSA凝胶的溶胀和降解性能与温度的关系影响显著.