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41.
According to an EI-MS study of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidium-based protic ionic liquids (PILs), it has been concluded that not all PILs exist as molecular aggregates in the gas phase. The detection of both ions of m/z 115.0 and m/z 116.0 for the 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium trifluoromethylsulfonate (TMGS) protic ionic liquid indicates that both the molecular and ionic aggregates co-exist in the gas phase, which is to say that the TMGS may also evaporate via the ionic aggregates just like aprotic ionic liquids. Furthermore, investigation on triethylamine-based and 1-methylimidazole-based PILs confirmed that the gas phase structure of PILs depends on both the acidity and basicity of the corresponding acid and base. 相似文献
42.
Influencing factors on bioaccumulation of Ni by Synechcoccus were studied in this paper. The equilibration time of Ni bioaccumulation was about 80 min in aqueous solution. Bioaccumulation quantity reached maximum when mass ratio of Ni to dry weight concentration of Synechcoccus was 16-18%. Bioaccumulation quantity increased with increasing pH. The optimum pH was 9-10 and higher pH led to precipitation of Ni(OH)2. Bioaccumulation quantity was also influenced by temperature and light intensity reaching their optima at 35℃ and 3 000 lx respectively. Bioaccumulation of nonliving algae was larger than that of living algae. 相似文献
43.
Anhydrous tetrabutylammonium fluoride 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) is prepared at low temperature by nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hexafluorobenzene with tetrabutylammonium cyanide. Adventitious water is scavenged during this synthesis by the generated hexacyanobenzene, which readily adds water under basic conditions. Contrary to expectations, TBAF is stable to Hofmann elimination in polar aprotic solvents under anhydrous conditions. Added hydroxylic solvents are shown to catalyze the decomposition of TBAF and to catalyze proton exchange with DMSO. The synthetic utility of this salt is described briefly. 相似文献
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Knowledge on the uracil bromination reaction is helpful for understanding the origin of the mutagenicity of 5-bromouracil (BrU). To get more details about this reaction, we explore the corresponding reaction mechanism by theoretical method. A total of seven pathways were studied for this purpose. The diketo form of BrU is observed as the main product in these pathways, which agrees well with experimental results. The most energy-favorable reaction pathway is found to be that Br and OH attacked the opposite sides of uracil. The reaction intermediate reported in the experiment is predicted to be reasonably stable. In the following step, a dehydration process occurs between H11 and O13-H14 when there are no explicit H(2)O taking part. However, when there are explicit water molecules in the environment, explicit H(2)O will lower the reaction barrier in the formation of reaction intermediates and the final product BrU. A proton-transfer process from C5 to O10 is facilitated by explicit H(2)O, which results in enol-keto form intermediate of this modified base (defined as BrU*). These results indicate a new way to generate the enol-keto form of BrU. 相似文献
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A theoretical investigation of the interactions between water molecules and ionic liquids 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Quantum chemical calculations have been used to investigate the interaction between water molecules and ionic liquids based on the imidazolium cation with the anions [Cl(-)], [Br(-)], [BF(4)(-)], and [PF(6)(-)]. The predicted geometries and interaction energies implied that the water molecules interact with the Cl(-), Br(-), and BF(4)(-0 anions to form X(-)...W (X = Cl or Br, W = H(2)O), 2X-...2W, BF(4)(-)...W, and W...BF(4)(-)...W complexes. The hydrophobic PF(6)(-) anion could not form a stable complex with the water molecules at the density functional theory (DFT) level. Further studies indicate that the cation could also form a strong interaction with the water molecules. The 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (Emim(+)) has been used as a model cation to investigate the interaction between a water molecule and a cation. In addition, the interaction between the ion pairs and the water was studied by using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (Emim x Cl) as a model ionic liquid. The strengths of the interactions in these categories follow the trend anion-W > cation-W > ion pair-W. 相似文献
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Yue Liu Yuxiang Wang Haoran Cheng Dr. Zheng Ma Dr. Qian Li Prof. Gang Wang Prof. Daocheng Pan Prof. Limin Wang Prof. Jun Ming 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(25):e202104463
Inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are candidates for lighting and display materials due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. However, the dissolution issue of perovskite nanocrystals in polar solvents remains a challenge for practical applications. Herein, we present a newly designed one-step spin-coating strategy to prepare a novel multicolor-tunable CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, I) nanocrystal film, where the CsPbX3 precursor solution was formed by dissolving PbO, Cs2CO3, and CH3NH3X into the ionic liquid n-butylammonium butyrate. The as-designed CsPbX3 nanocrystal films show high color purity with a narrow emission width. Also, the blue CsPb(Cl/Br)3 film demonstrates an absolute photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of 15.6 %, which is higher than 11.7 % of green CsPbBr3 and 8.3 % of red CsPb(Br/I)3 film. This study develops an effective approach to preparing CsPbX3 nanocrystal thin films, opening a new avenue to design perovskite nanocrystals-based devices for lighting and display applications. 相似文献
50.
Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry - To increase the photogenerated carrier separation and reduce the electron-hole recombination process for photocatalysts performance. In this article,... 相似文献