Editorial for special issue on lithium niobate based photonic devices

正Lithium niobate(Li Nb O_3), so-called "Silicon in Photonics," is a multifunctional crystal with a combination of a number of excellent physical properties. In optics and photonics, the Li Nb O_3-based devices, such as modulators, wavelength converters, waveguide amplifiers, and quantum photonic chips, have been realized and widely applied in various areas. In addition to the traditional waveguides,     

An Improved Temporal Fusion Transformers Model for Predicting Supply Air Temperature in High-Speed Railway Carriages

A key element for reducing energy consumption and improving thermal comfort on high-speed rail is controlling air-conditioning temperature. Accurate prediction of air supply temperature is aimed at improving control effects. Existing studies of supply air temperature prediction models are interdisciplinary, involving heat transfer science and computer science, where the problem is defined as time-series prediction. However, the model is widely accepted as a complex model that is nonlinear and dynamic. That makes it difficult for existing statistical and deep learning methods, e.g., autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA), convolutional neural network (CNN), and long short-term memory network (LSTM), to fully capture the interaction between these variables and provide accurate prediction results. Recent studies have shown the potential of the Transformer to increase the prediction capacity. This paper offers an improved temporal fusion transformers (TFT) prediction model for supply air temperature in high-speed train carriages to tackle these challenges, with two improvements: (i) Double-convolutional residual encoder structure based on dilated causal convolution; (ii) Spatio-temporal double-gated structure based on Gated Linear Units. Moreover, this study designs a loss function suitable for general long sequence time-series forecast tasks for temperature forecasting. Empirical simulations using a high-speed rail air-conditioning operation dataset at a specific location in China show that the temperature prediction of the two units using the improved TFT model improves the MAPE by 21.70% and 11.73%, respectively the original model. Furthermore, experiments demonstrate that the model effectively outperforms seven popular methods on time series computing tasks, and the attention of the prediction problem in the time dimension is analyzed.     

Photoinduced Nal-Promoted Radical Borylation of Alkyl Halides and Pseudohalides

Main observation and conclusion A method for photoinduced Nal-promoted radical borylation of aliphatic halides and pseudohalides with bis(catecholato)diboron(B2...     

Polarization diversity two-dimensional grating coupler on x-cut lithium niobate on insulator

We propose and demonstrate a polarization diversity two-dimensional grating coupler based on the lithium niobate on insulator platform, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The optimization design, performance characteristics,and fabrication tolerance of the two-dimensional grating coupler are thoroughly analyzed utilizing the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Experimentally,-7.2 d B of coupling efficiency is achieved with 1 d B bandwidth of64 nm. The polarization-dependent loss is about 0.4 d B around 1550 nm. Our work provides new polarization multiplexing approaches for the lithium niobate on insulator platform, paving the way for critical applications such as high-speed polarization multiplexed electro-optical modulators.     

中国聚变工程实验堆涉氚阀门技术现状

阐述了中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)中涉氚阀门的技术要求及现状。CFETR涉氚阀门应选择寿命长、响应时间快的全金属阀门,在工作压力0.25MPa下整体漏率小于10^-9Pa·m³·s^-1。     

声呐罩夹芯式透声窗的声学设计研究

以船舶声呐罩透声窗的低噪声设计为背景,针对由粘弹性夹芯平板和平行腔体组成的简化声呐罩模型,采用双重Fourier变换方法和波数一频率谱分析,建立平稳随机湍流脉动压力激励下三层夹芯式透声窗在声呐基阵部位产生的自噪声计算方法,数值分析了透声窗几何和物理参数对自噪声的影响,提出夹心式透声窗声学设计的方法和参数。研究结果表明:三层夹芯式声呐罩透声窗的低噪声特性主要取决于夹芯粘弹性层中纵波和横波传播的截止效应以及阻抗失配效应。通过对弹性平板和粘弹性层的厚度、密度、杨氏模量、阻尼因子以及粘弹性层的纵波和横波声速等参数的合理选取,可以使夹芯透声窗比单层透声窗的降噪效果最大增加6.5dB。     

Versatile Graphene-Isolated AuAg-Nanocrystal for Multiphase Analysis and Multimodal Cellular Raman Imaging

Main observation and conclusion Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based bioanalytical technique involves the interaction of SERS-active substrate with c...     

Combining Metabolic Alkyne Labeling and Click Chemistry for Secretome Analysis of Serum-Containing Conditioned Medium

Main observation and conclusion Bioorthogonal click chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for the specific modification of proteins in complex mixtures.Metab...     

Base-Promoted Formylation and N-Difluoromethylation of Azaindoles with Ethyl Bromodifluoroacetate as a Carbon Source

Main observation and conclusion We reported for the first time that ethyl bromodifluoroacetate directly reacts with azaindole without transition metal catalysis...     

Carbon nanotube supported PtOx nanoparticles with hybrid chemical states for efficient hydrogen evolution

Efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution are highly required for water splitting.Here we design an ultra-small PtOx...