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71.
Znakovskaya I von den Hoff P Marcus G Zherebtsov S Bergues B Gu X Deng Y Vrakking MJ Kienberger R Krausz F de Vivie-Riedle R Kling MF 《Physical review letters》2012,108(6):063002
The steering of electron motion in molecules is accessible with waveform-controlled few-cycle laser light and may control the outcome of light-induced chemical reactions. An optical cycle of light, however, is much shorter than the duration of the fastest dissociation reactions, severely limiting the degree of control that can be achieved. To overcome this limitation, we extended the control metrology to the midinfrared studying the prototypical dissociative ionization of D(2) at 2.1 μm. Pronounced subcycle control of the directional D(+) ion emission from the fragmentation of D(2)(+) is observed, demonstrating unprecedented charge-directed reactivity. Two reaction pathways, showing directional ion emission, could be observed and controlled simultaneously for the first time. Quantum-dynamical calculations elucidate the dissociation channels, their observed phase relation, and the control mechanisms. 相似文献
72.
Cahoon JF Kling MF Sawyer KR Frei H Harris CB 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(10):3152-3153
The photochemical reactions of [CpW(CO)3]2 with the Lewis base P(OMe)3 are examined on the nanosecond and microsecond time scales using step-scan FTIR spectroscopy. Photolysis at 532 nm produces the 17-electron (17e) radicals CpW(CO)3*, which are in equilibrium with the 19-electron (19e) radicals CpW(CO)3P(OMe)3* on the nanosecond time scale. The reactions of the 19e radical are directly observed for the first time; the major reaction pathway is spontaneous loss of a carbonyl to form the 17e species CpW(CO)2P(OMe)3*, with a barrier of 7.6 +/- 0.3 kcal/mol for this process. The minor reaction pathway (<20%) at this concentration of P(OMe)3 (85 mM) is disproportionation to form the products CpW(CO)3P(OMe)3+ and CpW(CO)3-. On the microsecond time scale, the 17e radicals CpW(CO)2P(OMe)3* dimerize to form the ligand substitution product [CpW(CO)2P(OMe)3]2. These results indicate that the 19e species is a stable intermediate rather than transition state in the ligand substitution reaction, and this type of reactivity is likely to be typical of 17e organometallic radicals which undergo associative substitution mechanisms. 相似文献
73.
Hübner J Nguyen A Turcu F Melchior D Kling HW Gäb S Schmitz OJ 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2006,384(1):259-264
Pulsed amperometric detection following micellar electrokinetic chromatography has been applied successfully to the direct
detection of alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) in shampoos and other industrial products without prior conversion to highly absorbing
or fluorescing derivatives. For electrochemical detection, it is necessary to dissociate the hydroxyl groups of the APGs.
Thus, we used 0.1 M NaOH in the outlet vial to dissociate the APGs. The main problems associated with the combination of electrochemical
detection and capillary electrophoresis are the need to isolate the detector from the electric field used in the capillary
electrophoresis separation and the difficulty of aligning the working electrode with the end of the capillary. To overcome
these problems, a simple capillary-electrode holder was constructed. This holder automatically aligns the capillary and the
electrode in a wall-jet configuration without the aid of micropositioners and facilitates the replacement of electrodes and
capillaries without reconstruction of the entire capillary/electrode setup. Special microcylindrical gold electrodes have
been produced by sealing 300-μm-diameter gold wire into borosilicate-glass capillaries. 相似文献
74.
P. von?den Hoff I. Znakovskaya S. Zherebtsov M. F. Kling R. de Vivie-Riedle 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2010,98(4):659-666
We outline the details of our new method to calculate angular-dependent ionization probabilities based on electronic structure
theory for diatomic and larger systems. To demonstrate its abilities, we compare our calculations to measured ionization probabilities
of the four molecules D2, N2, O2 and CO in the strong-field regime. The calculated angular distributions yield better agreement with the experimental data
than those obtained from the widely used MO-ADK theory. For CO the measured angular distributions of ionic fragments indicate
contributions to the ionization from both the HOMO and the HOMO-1 orbital, an effect that is addressed by the theory. 相似文献
75.
Summary Targeted radiotherapy has the potential to provide radiation doses from a wide range of radionuclides, some of them suitable
for killing single cells while others are more suitable for killing tumor cell clusters of various sizes. A list of 64 radionuclides,
including 20 new potential candidates for therapy (73Ga, 75Se, 87mSr, 97Ru, 103Ru, 113Sn, 113mIn, 117Sb, 123Sn, 131Cs, 139Ce, 141Ce, 149Eu, 167Tm, 170Tm, 173Tm, 195Au, 195mPt, 197Pt and 197Hg) were analyzed in terms of the suitability of their energies for killing tumor cells which grow as single, small, intermediate
and large clusters. In addition, their possible production routes were studied. 相似文献
76.
77.
J. T. King R. G. Place Graham Edgar R. B. Purdum L. Bertiaux A. Lassieur A. Kling W. Böttger G. Meillère A. Eilert W. G. France T. S. Eckert A. de Meeus E. Lasala E. Fernandez-Espina I. Guiteras T. Callan G. W. Monier-Williams F. G. Hawley F. Glaser L. M. Dennis G. Krüss Th. P. McCutcheon Jr. P. A. van der Meulen A. B. Ray J. S. Goldbaum J. H. Reedy G. Schay Schleicher 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1925,67(9):356-368
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Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - 相似文献