Nonlinear and bistable properties of doped PMMA lightguides

Polymer lightguides of PMMA doped with the azo dyes methyl-red and N, N-dihexyl-4-amino-4'-nitro-azobenzene (DHANA) are investigated with respect to their opto-optical properties. The trans-cis photoisomerisation of the dyes leads to reversible polarization-dependent optically induced refractive index changes. The index changes are anisotropic. Birefringence is measured using index matched lightguides. The changes with respect to each polarization are determined by leaky mode spectroscopy and by using a half-integrated interferometer. These changes are intensity dependent and, with a suitable geometry, bistability at low intensities (3 mW/mm³) can be obtained.     

Matrix representation of three-dimensional astigmatic resonators

Three-dimensional astigmatic resonators, typical examples of which are the resonators bounded by cylindrical-spherical mirrors and cylindrical-cylindrical mirrors oriented at an arbitrary crossed angle, are investigated in detail by using a complex curvature tensor concept and generalized tensor ABCD law. Computerized numerical calculations illustrate some interesting characteristics of these astigmatic resonators.     

Charge-changing cross sections of the neutron-rich isotopes8,9,11Li

Total charge-changing cross sections have been measured for⁸Li on C and Pb targets, for⁹Li on C, Al, Cu, Sn and Pb targets, as well as for¹¹Li on C, Sn and Pb targets at about 80 MeV/nucleon. These data are compared to measured total reaction cross sections and Glauber-type calculations using Hartree-Fock density distributions. These comparisons allow to draw conclusions on the proton density distribution of the neutronrich lithium isotopes. The results show that even for the most exotic nucleus¹¹Li the proton distribution is only very weakly influenced by the long tail in the neutron density distribution already established in several experiments.     

Ein Verfahren zur Synthese enantiomerenreiner Alkanole durch reduktive Entschwefelung von Thiophenalkoholen

Summary Acetals3 and4 of alkylthienylcarbinols1 were prepared using an enantiomerically pure lactol2. In the key step these compounds were desulfurized. After deprotection the target compounds7 andent-7 were obtained.

Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Oelschläger zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Aerodynamics of ski jumping: experiments and CFD simulations

The aerodynamic behaviour of a model ski jumper is investigated experimentally at full-scale Reynolds numbers and computationally applying a standard RANS code. In particular we focus on the influence of different postures on aerodynamic forces in a wide range of angles of attack. The experimental results proved to be in good agreement with full-scale measurements with athletes in much larger wind tunnels, and form a reliable basis for further predictions of the effects of position changes on the performance. The comparison of CFD results with the experiments shows poor agreement, but enables a clear outline of simulation potentials and limits when accurate predictions of effects from small variations are required.     

Identification of gram-negative bacteria by isoelectric focusing of soluble cellular proteins.

Strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis, isolated from clinical specimens were disrupted by repeated freezing in liquid nitrogen and thawing at room temperature. The samples were separated by isoelectric focusing using polyacrylamide gels. The resulting protein patterns showed clear differences between the three species and made identification possible.     

Ungleichungen für elementare Mittelwerte

Ohne Zusammenfassung