Numerical modelling of film cooling with and without mist injection

Two-phase CFD calculations, using a Lagrangian model and commercial code Fluent 6.2.16, were employed to calculate the gas and droplet flows and film cooling effectiveness with and without mist on a flat plate. Two different three dimensional geometries are generated and the effects of the geometrical shape, size of droplets, mist concentration in the coolant flow and temperature of mainstream flow for different blowing ratios are studied. A cylindrical and laterally diffused hole with a streamwise angle of 30° and spanwise angle of 0° are used. The diameter of film cooling (d) hole, and the hole length to diameter ratio (L/d) for both of geometries are 10 mm and 4, respectively. Also the blowing ratio ranges from 1.0 to 2.0, and the mainstream Reynolds number based on the mainstream velocity and hole diameter (Re _d) is 6,219. The results are shown for different droplets diameters (1–10 μm), concentrations (1–5%) and mainstream temperatures (350–500 K). The centreline effectiveness and distribution of effectiveness on the surface of cooling wall are presented.     

New proximity and complexity result for P*(κ)-linear complementarity problem (Poster Presentation)

One of the main ingredients of interior point methods is the proximity functions to measure the distance of the iterates from the central path of linear optimization problems. In this paper, an interior point method for solving P_*(κ)-linear complementarity problem, κ ≥ 0, is proposed. For this version, we use a new class of proximity functions induced by new kernel functions. Using some mild and easy to check conditions, we show that the large-update primal-dual interior point methods for solving P_*(κ)-linear complementarity problem enjoy the so far best worst case theoretical complexity, namely O (κ √n log n log n /ε) iteration bound, with special choices of the parameters p, q ≥ 1. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Structuring product development processes

This paper proposes operational frameworks for structuring product development processes. The primary objective of this research is to develop procedures to minimize iterations during the development process which adversely affect development time and costs. Several procedures are introduced to restructure the development process. The computation of the corresponding product development times is facilitated by two Markov models addressing different types of learning. The methodologies are employed to identify a set of managerial concerns in restructuring the product development processes.The developed framework has become an integral part of a re-engineering project for the development of rocket engines at Rocketdyne Division of Rockwell International. Throughout the paper, the methodologies are illustrated with the help of this process.     

Gravitomagnetic Effects on Collective Plasma Oscillations in Compact Stars

The effects of gravitomagnetic force on plasma oscillations are investigated using the kinetic theory of homogeneous electrically neutral plasma in the absence of external electric or magnetic field. The random phase assumption is employed neglecting the thermal motion of the electrons with respect to a fixed ion background. It is found that the gravitomagnetic force reduces the characteristic frequency of the plasma thus enhancing the refractive index of the medium. The estimates for the predicted effects are given for a typical white dwarf, pulsar, and neutron star.     

SCR脱硝中各物质热力学性质的预测

选择性催化还原脱硝技术效率高,有望应用于汽车尾气中NO_x的排放控制.本文采用5种不同的密度泛函理论,计入色散校正项的影响,预测了选择性催化还原脱硝反应体系中各种气体的标准生成焓以及温度从0 K到1000 K时各气体的焓变。与实验比较结果表明,广义密度梯度近似中的BLYP泛函和B3LYP泛函对标准生成焓的预测偏差最小,而本文检验的所有密度泛函理论都能很好地预测气体在0~1000 K温度范围内的焓变,可以用于选择性催化还原脱硝反应体系的热量恒算。     

Bioactive Components and Anticancer Activities of Spray-Dried New Zealand Tamarillo Powder

Tamarillo fruit contains many phytochemicals that have beneficial therapeutic and nutritional properties. Spray-drying is widely used to preserve fruit puree in powder form. However, to obtain high-quality fruit powder, the optimisation of spray-drying conditions is necessary, as a high drying temperature can damage sensitive bioactive compounds. This study investigated the effects of spray-drying on the microstructure, polyphenolics, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and anticancer capacity of tamarillo powder. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the spray-drying process to produce tamarillo powder. The independent variables were inlet drying temperature (120–160 °C), flow rate (1–5 g/mL), and maltodextrin concentration (0–10%). These variables influenced the microstructural attributes, bioactive components, and cytotoxicity of the spray-dried tamarillo powder. The increase in polyphenols and antioxidant activities were favoured under high-temperature spray drying conditions and a low carrier concentration. The optimised spray-drying conditions for producing tamarillo powder with high antioxidant and anticancer activities, high yield, and stable bioactive compounds were found to be at 146.8 °C inlet temperature, and a flow rate of 1.76 g/mL.     

Predicting Resistivity and Permeability of Porous Media Using Minkowski Functionals

Transport in Porous Media - Permeability and formation factor are important properties of a porous medium that only depend on pore space geometry, and it has been proposed that these transport...     

Ferric (III) complex supported on superparamagnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 as a reusable Lewis acid catalyst: a new highly efficient protocol for the synthesis of acridinedione and spiroquinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Nano-Fe3O4@SiO2-3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde/barbituric acid/phthalhydrazide-FeCl3 (nano-Fe3O4@SiO2-HBP-FeCl3) was prepared and authenticated by usual analytical...     

2-[(4-Aminobutyl)ferrocenylmethylidene]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanone derivatives: Synthesis,characterization, and investigation of electro-optical properties

A ferrocenyl-based, chromophore-containing 1-indanone derivative was synthesized through crotonic condensation between 4-chlorobutylferrocenecarboxaldehyde and 5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanone followed by the nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atom of the obtained dyad with different aromatic and aliphatic amines. The electrochemical and optical properties of the synthesized compounds were investigated to explore the relationship between their structures and optical and electrochemical properties. The bandgaps determined from optical absorption spectra ranged from 2.05 to 2.15 eV. The important electrochemical parameters, including the peak potential separation, peak current ratios, and the dependence of peak currents on the scan rate, were studied. Results showed an electrochemically reversible redox system with diffusion-controlled redox process for the synthesized compounds. The study of quantum chemistry was performed on the synthesized compounds using the density functional theory approach. The B3LYP method and 6-311 G(d) basis set were used for optimizing the structures in the gas phase. The theoretical and experimental results show that these compounds can be considered as candidates to be used in optical applications.     

Design and synthesis of a magnetic hierarchical porous organic polymer: A new platform in heterogeneous phase‐transfer catalysis

Recyclable phase transfer catalysts containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been known as a major trend towards sustainable catalysts. In this study, a novel class of magnetic porous polymer on the basis of calix[4]resorcinarene was synthesized starting from silica‐coated Fe₃O₄ core‐shell nanoparticles. This compound was found as an efficient phase transfer catalyst to the conversion of benzyl halides into benzyl azides and cyanides in good yields. The catalyst could be used at least for five consecutive cycles without appreciable loss in the catalytic activity.