全文获取类型
收费全文 | 214篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 165篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
数学 | 16篇 |
物理学 | 35篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 22篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 16篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 5篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有228条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Kala Jessie Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan Kien‐Chai Ong Zubaidah Haji Abdul Rahim Rosnah Mohd Zain Kum‐Thong Wong Onn Haji Hashim 《Electrophoresis》2013,34(17):2495-2502
Confirmation of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) currently relies on histological analysis, which does not provide clear indication of cancer development from precancerous lesions. In the present study, whole saliva proteins of patients with OSCC (n = 12) and healthy subjects (n = 12) were separated by 2DE to identify potential candidate biomarkers that are much needed to improve detection of the cancer. The OSCC patients’ 2DE saliva protein profiles appeared unique and different from those obtained from the healthy subjects. The patients’ saliva α1‐antitrypsin (AAT) and haptoglobin (HAP) β chains were resolved into polypeptide spots with increased microheterogeneity, although these were not apparent in their sera. Their 2DE protein profiles also showed presence of hemopexin and α‐1B glycoprotein, which were not detected in the profiles of the control saliva. When subjected to densitometry analysis, significant altered levels of AAT, complement C3, transferrin, transthyretin, and β chains of fibrinogen and HAP were detected. The increased levels of saliva AAT, HAP, complement C3, hemopexin, and transthyretin in the OSCC patients were validated by ELISA. The strong association of AAT and HAP with OSCC was further supported by immunohistochemical staining of cancer tissues. The differently expressed saliva proteins may be useful complementary biomarkers for the early detection and/or monitoring of OSCC, although this requires validation in clinically representative populations. 相似文献
72.
Shayessteh Dadfarnia Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani Masood Reza Shishebor Kolsom Hosseini Cisakht 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(13):1320-1328
A sensitive and simple method for determination of chromium species after separation and preconcentration by solid phase extraction (SPE) has been developed. For the determination of the total concentration of chromium in solution, Cr(VI) was efficiently reduced to Cr(III) by addition of hydroxylamine and Cr(III) was preconcentrated on a column of immobilised ferron on alumina. The adsorbed analyte was then eluted with 5?mL of hydrochloric acid and was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometery. The speciation of chromium was affected by first passing the solution through an acidic alumina column which retained Cr(VI) and then Cr(III) was preconcentrated by immobilised ferron column and determined by FAAS. The concentration of Cr(VI) was determined from the difference of concentration of total chromium and Cr(III). The effect of pH, concentration of eluent, flow rate of sample and eluent solution, and foreign ions on the sorption of chromium (III) by immobilised ferron column was investigated. Under the optimised conditions the calibration curve was linear over the range of 2–400?µg?L?1 for 1000?mL preconcentration volume. The detection limit was 0.32?µg?L?1, the preconcentration factor was 400, and the relative standard deviation (%RSD) was 1.9% (at 10?µg?L?1; n?=?7). The method was successfully applied to the determination of chromium species in water samples and total chromium in standard alloys. 相似文献
73.
Shayessteh Dadfarnia Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani Maryam Nili Ahmad abadi 《Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society》2013,10(2):289-296
Solidified floating organic drop microextraction was applied as a separation/preconcentration step prior to the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric (ETAAS) determination of ultra trace of antimony species. The method was based on the formation of an extractable complex between Sb(III) and ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate at pH ~ 5, while Sb(V) was remained in the aqueous phase. The antimony extracted into 1-undecanol was determined by ETAAS. Total antimony was determined after the reduction of Sb(V) to Sb(III) with potassium iodide and ascorbic acid. The amount of Sb(V) was determined from the difference of concentration of total antimony and Sb(III). Under the optimum conditions an enhancement factor of 437.5 and a detection limit of 5.0 ng L?1for the preconcentration of 25 mL of sample was achieved. The relative standard deviation at 300 ng L?1 of antimony was found to be 3.5 % (n = 6). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of antimony in tea, basil and natural water samples. 相似文献
74.
Michael Quinones Yazhou Zhang Penelope Riascos Huey‐Min Hwang Winfred G. Aker Xiaojia He Ruomei Gao 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2014,90(2):374-379
Many biomolecules contain photoactive reducing agents, such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and 6‐thioguanine (6‐TG) incorporated into DNA through drug metabolism. These reducing agents may produce reactive oxygen species under UVA irradiation or act as electron donors in various media. The interactions of C60 fullerenes with biological reductants and light energy, especially via the Type‐I electron‐transfer mechanism, are not fully understood although these factors are often involved in toxicity assessments. The two reductants employed in this work were NADH for aqueous solutions and 6‐TG for organic solvents. Using steady‐state photolysis and electrochemical techniques, we showed that under visible light irradiation, the presence of reducing agents enhanced C60‐mediated Type‐I reactions that generate superoxide anion (O2.?) at the expense of singlet oxygen (1O2) production. The quantum yield of O2.? production upon visible light irradiation of C60 is estimated below 0.2 in dipolar aprotic media, indicating that the majority of triplet C60 deactivate via Type‐II pathway. Upon UVA irradiation, however, both C60 and NADH undergo photochemical reactions to produce O2.?, which could lead to a possible synergistic toxicity effects. C60 photosensitization via Type‐I pathway is not observed in the absence of reducing agents. 相似文献
75.
The monolithic integration of four 1.5?μm range AlGaInAs/InP distributed feedback lasers with a 4×1 multimode-interference optical combiner, a curved semiconductor optical amplifier, and an electro-absorption modulator using relatively simple technologies--sidewall grating and quantum well intermixing--has been demonstrated. The four channels span the wavelength range of 1530 to 1566?nm with a channel spacing of 12?nm. The epitaxial structure was designed to produce a far-field pattern as small as 21.2°×25.1°, producing a coupling efficiency with an angled-end single-mode fiber at twice that of a conventional device design. 相似文献
76.
Reza Azadbakht Maryame Khodabandeh Hassan Keypour Reza Haji Hosseini Baghdad Abadi Hadi Amiri Rudbari 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2013,50(4):979-981
Three tetra‐amine compounds 2‐((2‐(2‐aminobenzylamino)ethylamino)methyl)benzenamine ( L1 ), 2‐((3‐(2‐aminobenzylamino)propylamino)methyl)benzenamine ( L2 ), and 2‐((4‐(2‐aminobenzylamino)butylamino)methyl)benzenamine ( L3 ) were synthesized and then their reaction with 2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2‐nitrobenzaldehyde, and 2‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzaldehyde were investigated. Treatment of L1 , L2 , and L3 with the former aldehydes gave derivatives of quinazolines in a good yield. The products have been studied with IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC, and microanalysis. 相似文献
77.
We explore the symmetries of classical stationary spacetimes in terms of the dynamics of a spinning string described by a worldsheet supersymmetric action. We show that for stationary configurations of the string, the action reduces to that for a pseudo-classical spinning point particle in an effective space, which is a conformally scaled quotient space of the original spacetime. As an example, we consider the stationary spinning string in the Kerr–Newman spacetime, whose motion is equivalent to that of the spinning point particle in the three-dimensional effective space. We present the Killing tensor as well as the spin-valued Killing vector of this space. However, the nongeneric supersymmetry corresponding to the Killing–Yano tensor of the Kerr–Newman spacetime is lost in the effective space. 相似文献
78.
A syringe to syringe dispersive liquid phase microextraction-solidified floating organic drop was introduced and used for the simultaneous extraction of trace amounts of albendazole and triclabendazole from different matrices. The extracted analytes were determined by high performance liquid chromatography along with fluorescence detection. The analytical parameters affecting the microextraction efficiency including the nature and volume of the extraction solvent, sample volume, sample pH, ionic strength and the cycles of extraction were optimized. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.1–30.0 μg L−1 and 0.2–30.0 μg L−1 with determination coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9998 for albendazole and triclabendazole respectively. The detection limits defined as three folds of the signal to noise ratio were found to be 0.02 μg L−1 for albendazole and 0.06 μg L−1 for triclabendazole. The inter-day and intra-day precision (RSD%) for both analytes at three concentration levels (0.5, 2.0 and 10.0 μg L−1) were in the range of 6.3–10.1% and 5.0–7.5% respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to determine albendazole and triclabendazole in water, cow milk, honey, and urine samples. 相似文献
79.
Isolation of three sesquiterpene lactones from the roots of Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet. by high-speed counter-current chromatography 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Because of the skeletal complexity and similarity of the polarity, little research was reported on the isolation of sesquiterpene lactones by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). Herein, three sesquiterpene lactones were successfully purified from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of the traditional Uyghur medicinal plant Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet. by HSCCC. The separation was performed in two steps with two solvent systems: n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1.5:5:2.75:5, v/v/v/v) and ethyl acetate-methanol-water (20:1:20, v/v/v). From 166 mg of the ethyl acetate extract, 19 mg of lactucopicrin was isolated with the first solvent system and 10 mg of 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin and 16 mg of lactucin were obtained with the second solvent system. All purified compounds were over 94% purity as determined by HPLC analysis, and these chemical structures were confirmed by (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. 相似文献
80.
Elaheh Nourbala Tafti Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2017,97(5):444-455
A simple, sensitive and reliable method has been developed for separation and preconcentration of chromium (VI) from aqueous samples before determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The method is based on the extraction of the hydrophobic complex of chromium (VI) with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in the coacervates made up of decanoic acid reverse micelles in the water–tetrahydrofuran mixture. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the analyte were studied and optimised. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range, enhancement factor, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.008–0.4 µg L?1, 127, and 1.8 ng L?1 and 6.0 ng L?1, of Cr(VI), respectively. The relative standard deviation at the concentration level of 0.1 µg L?1 Cr(VI) (n = 6) was 4.2%. Total chromium was determined after the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) with permanganate in acidic medium. The method was successfully applied to the determination of chromium species in water and human serum samples. 相似文献