Influence of alkyl tail length on self-organisation of side-chain liquid crystalline polymers with biphenyl hemiphasmidic mesogens

A new and simple series of side-chain liquid crystalline polymethacrylates containing biphenyl hemiphasmidic mesogens based on 4-[(3,4,5-trialkan)-1-carbonylbenzoate]biphenyl (denoted as PT_mBMA, m = 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, m refers to the carbon number of alkoxy tails) groups was designed and successfully synthesised via free radical polymerisation. The phase structures and transitions of the polymers were investigated by the combination of techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing microscope, one-dimensional/two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and small-angle X-ray scattering. The experimental results revealed that the liquid crystalline phase structures and behaviours of the polymers were found to be strongly dependent on the alkyl tail length (m). When m = 6, the PT_mBMA formed a stable smectic phase above T_g. When m = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, the sample presented a hexagonal columnar mesophase (Φ_h), suggesting that the alkyl length has played an important role in the phase behaviours of hemiphasmidic side-chain liquid crystalline polymers.     

感应电压叠加器中水介质开关脉冲自击穿特性

 设计了应用于感应电压叠加器中的水介质主开关与峰化开关,主开关的电极结构为“平板 环型”,峰化开关的电极结构为“环型”。研究了开关在300 ns脉冲电压下的自击穿特性,给出了不同工作电压下开关的间隙距离。实验结果表明,主开关与峰化开关的结构合理、击穿特性稳定、相互配合良好,峰化开关可以有效地峰化主脉冲,降低预脉冲的幅值。主开关的实验结果同时验证了Martin经验公式的适用性。     

On pricing derivatives under nonlinear time series models

In this note, we summarize some of our recent works on pricing derivative securities under nonlinear time series models. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

新型DABCO离子液体催化氮杂Michael加成反应

以三乙烯二胺(DABCO)为原料,通过两步法制备了新型离子液体[DABCO-PDO][BF4]催化剂,并用于催化环亚氨类与丙烯酸酯类、丙烯腈等α,β-不饱和烯类化合物之间的Michael加成反应;考察了催化剂的循环使用性能,讨论了可能的反应机理及催化剂具有高效催化活性的原因.结果表明,在催化剂用量为反应原料的20mol%,反应温度为25℃,反应时间为5h的条件下加成产物的收率为85%以上,催化剂循环使用6次后仍保持82%的催化活性.     

On the Existence of the Global Smooth Process for One-dimensional Nonlinear Thermoviscoelastic Materials with Fixed and Thermally Insulated Endpoints

The system of balance laws of mass, momentum and energy for one- dimensional nonlinear thermoviscoelastic material with fixed and thermally insulated endpoints is considered, and the problem of whether there exists a globally defined smooth thermoviscoelastic process is sloved, i.e there exists such a process.     

p型4H-SiC单晶衬底表征及第一性原理计算

p型4H-SiC是制备高功率电力电子器件的理想衬底材料,但由于工艺技术的制约,国内尚无能力生产高质量、大尺寸、低电阻的p型4H-SiC单晶衬底。本文使用物理气相传输(PVT)法制备了直径为4英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)Al掺杂的p型4H-SiC单晶衬底。通过KOH腐蚀表征样品位错密度,使用高分辨X射线衍射(HRXRD)表征其晶体质量,利用拉曼光谱扫描确定其晶型,采用非接触式电阻测试仪测试其电阻率。结果表明,衬底整体位错密度较低,结晶质量良好,晶型稳定且衬底全片电阻率小于0.5 Ω·cm。通过第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法对本征4H-SiC及Al元素掺杂后样品的体系进行能带结构、电子态密度的计算。结果表明Al掺杂后样品禁带宽度减小,费米能级穿过价带,体现出p型半导体的特征。研究结果为大规模生产高质量、低电阻的p型4H-SiC衬底提供思路。     

垒层温度对InGaN量子点/量子阱复合结构内量子效率的影响

使用金属有机化学气相沉积(metal organic chemical vapor deposition, MOCVD)方法生长了三个具有不同垒层温度的InGaN/GaN量子阱。由于高密度V型坑的形成,完整的量子阱结构被破坏,转变成了InGaN量子点(quantum dots, QDs)/量子阱(quantum well, QW)复合结构。通过变功率光致发光谱和变温光致发光谱,分析了在不同的垒层温度下量子限制斯塔克效应(quantum confined Stark effect, QCSE)、非辐射复合中心密度和载流子局域化效应的变化。结果表明:在较低的垒层温度下,QCSE较弱,因为在较低的温度下,V型坑的深度较深,应力释放较明显,残余应变较低;非辐射复合中心密度也随着温度的升高而逐渐增大;样品的内量子效率(internal quantum efficiency, IQE)随着垒层生长温度的升高而降低。QCSE的增强和非辐射复合中心密度的增大是垒层生长温度升高时内量子效率下降的主要因素。     

基于单目视觉的矩形靶面弹着点测量

目前机器视觉技术广泛应用于弹着点坐标的测量领域,针对双目视觉技术标定、演算复杂的问题,提出一种基于单目视觉技术的弹着点测量方法.通过图像处理技术定位出靶面4个角点以及弹着点像素坐标,采用矩形P4P方法解算出靶面坐标相对于相机坐标系的位姿,根据单目视觉成像原理计算出弹着点在靶面的实际坐标.根据该方法成功测量出了实验中靶面...     

Influence of alkoxy tail length on the self‐organization of hairy‐rod polymers based on mesogen‐jacketed liquid crystalline polymers

A series of hairy‐rod polymers, poly{2,5‐bis[(4‐alkoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrenes} (P‐OCm, m = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18) were designed and successfully synthesized via free radical polymerization. The chemical structure of the monomers was confirmed by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The molecular characterizations of the polymers were performed with ¹H NMR and gel permeation chromatography. The phase structures and transitions of the polymers were investigated by the combination of techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy, and rheological measurement. The experimental results revealed that the self‐assembly behaviors of P‐OCm changed with the increase in m. First, the P‐OCm (m = 1, 2) showed only a stable liquid crystalline phase above T_g. Second, with the increasing length of alkoxy tails, the P‐OCm (m = 4, 6, 8) presented a re‐entrant isotropic phase above T_g and a liquid crystalline phase at higher temperature. Third, the P‐OCm (m = 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) exhibited an unusual re‐entrant isotropic phase which was separating SmA (in low temperature) and columnar phases (in high temperature). It was the first time that mesogen‐jacketed liquid crystalline polymers formed smectic phase, re‐entrant isotropic phase, and columnar phases in one polymer due to the microphase separation and the driving force of the entropy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012