Effects of various donor: acceptor blend ratios on photophysical properties in non-fullerene organic bulk heterojunctions

In this work, the donor:acceptor ratio effected photophysical properties of non-fullerene organic solar cells are comparatively investigated. Effective transportation of the photo-generated charge carriers can be obtained with the PDBD-T:ITIC ratio variation. There is no significant energy loss variation exists in the process of changing the D:A ratio.     

纳秒强激光场中苯电离产生高价离子的研究

用25 ns脉冲Nd-YAG 532 nm的激光，在1010～1011 W•cm－2的光场强度下，利用飞行时间质谱对He、 N2、Ar载气条件下苯的激光电离过程进行了研究.发现当利用氩作为载气时，除观察到C2＋、C2H2+、C3H3+、C6H6+离子外，还观察到很强的Cq＋(q=1～3)高价离子.这些离子都有很高的平动能， C2＋的最可几平动能为12.9 eV， C3＋为37.5 eV.通过改变载气种类和压力及在不同光场强度条件下的实验，可以认为这些高价离子来源于含苯团簇的库仑爆炸过程.     

Studies on the Performance and Structure of Supported Catalysts for the Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas

The catalytic properties of several supported metal catalysts on different carriers were studied in the partial oxidation of methane (POM) to syngas. In our experiment, supported noble metal catalysts exhibited better performance than the other supported transition metal catalysts. The catalyst performances were significantly influenced by the d-electron configuration of the active metal components and the dispersion of active metal components on the support. A catalyst with a moderate number of unpaired electrons in the d-orbital of the active metal support without obvious acidity or redox activity (e.g. MgO) was suitable for POM performance. The Rh/SiO2 catalyst was the best in the POM reaction, among those investigated. Reaction conditions apparently also affected the POM performance of the catalyst. The conversion of methane and the selectivity for CO increased with the reaction temperature, and a high CH4/O2 ratio was not beneficial for POM performance.     

外力辅助分散作用下环氧树脂粘土纳米复合材料中粘土的微观结构与解离机理研究

采用不同分散方法(机械搅拌、高速均质搅拌和球磨分散)制备环氧树脂粘土纳米复合材料,研究了分散方法对不同有机粘土解离结构和纳米复合材料力学性能的影响,并在此基础上探讨了粘土的解离机理.结果表明,普通机械搅拌只能使小粒径粘土或大粒径粘土团聚体的外部片层解离;施加一定的外力(如高速均质搅拌)促进粘土团聚体分散,有利于粘土片层的解离;利用剪切摩擦作用较强的球磨法分散粘土,不同处理剂改性粘土的内外片层都可以充分解离,而有机改性剂中酸性质子的催化作用对粘土片层解离的影响不大,只要粒径足够小,片层解离的驱动力(基体弹性力、反应性等)能够克服其所受阻力(片层引力、层外基体粘性阻力、层内粘性引力等),粘土内外各片层将会同时向外迁移而解离.纳米复合材料的力学性能大大改善,冲击强度和弯曲强度分别提高近50%和8%;     

新式夹心型光透薄层光谱电化学电解池

本文设计了一种新式夹心型光透薄层紫外-可见光谱电化学池。该池采用铂网工作电极,两侧平行放置铂片为对极置于同一石英窗口夹层中,同时以聚四氟乙烯隔离膜作为边际限制器,结合池内小孔道设置内参比点进行精确的电位控制,具有理想的光谱电化学响应。利用循环伏安、循环电位-吸收、恒电位现场光谱、双电位跃-计时电量、双电位跃-计时吸收等技术,对铁氰化钾在氯化钾溶液中的行为进行了表征。     

POROUS MEMBRANE TEMPLATED SYNTHESIS OF POLYMER PILLARED LAYER

The anodic porous alumina membranes with a definite pore diameter and aspect ratio were used as templates tosynthesize polymer pillared layer structures. The pillared polymer was produced in the template membrane pores, and thelayer on the template surfaces. Rigid cured epoxy resin, polystyrene and soft hydrogel were chosen to confirm themethodology. The pillars were in the form of either tubes or fibers, which were controlled by the alumina membrane pore surface wettability. The structural features were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy results.     

Structures and energies of coadsorbed CO and H2 on Fe5C2(001), Fe5C2(110), and Fe5C2(100)

Density functional theory calculations have been carried out on the CO/H2 coadsorption on the (001), (110), and (100) surfaces of Fe5C2 for the understanding of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) mechanism. The stable surface species changes with the variation of the H2 and CO coverage. Along with dissociated hydrogen and adsorbed CO in 2-, 3-, and 4-fold configurations, methylidyne (C(s)H) (C(s), surface carbon), ketenylidene (C(s)CO), ketenyl (C(s)HCO), ketene (C(s)H2CO), and carbon suboxide (C(s)C2O2) are computed as thermodynamically stable surface species on Fe5C2(001) and Fe5C2(110) containing both surface iron and carbon atoms. These surface carbon species can be considered as the preliminary stages for FTS. On Fe5C2(100) with only iron atoms on the surface layer, the stable surface species is dissociated hydrogen and CO with top and 2-fold configurations. The bonding nature of these adsorbed carbon species has been analyzed.     

Racemization of chiral amino alcohols III: Effect of Mg or Ca addition on the activity and stability of the Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst

The racemization of R-(-)-2-amino-1-butanol in a reaction using Co/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts and catalysts modified by Mg or Ca was investigated in this paper. Complete racemization was achieved with a yield of over 83% at using the Mg modified Co/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst under optimized reaction conditions of 170°C and 2.5 MPa of H₂. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized by XRD, XPS, TPR, SEM and TEM. The addition of Mg and Ca may be advantageous for dispersing and stabilizing the active species of the Co/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst, protecting from sintering, significantly improving its catalytic activity and stability.     

Organo-tricyanoborates as tectons: illustrative coordination polymers based on copper(I) derivatives

The first systematic study on the use of tricyanoborates as ligands is presented. The tricyanoborates [RB(CN)3]- (R = oct and Ph) can be prepared by direct cyanation of RBCl2 precursors as well as by thermolysis of the corresponding isocyanides [RB(NC)3]-. The first organo-cyanogallates [RGa(CN)3]- (R = Bu, C6H2-2,4,6-Me3) were prepared from the corresponding dichloride, the structure of Et4N[mesGa(CN3] being confirmed crystallographically. The reaction of equimolar [RB(CN)3]- (R = oct, Ph) and [Cu(MeCN)4]+ afforded two-dimensional polymers [RB(CN)3Cu(NCMe)]. The sheets arise via conjoined hexagonal B3Cu3(CN)6 rings with chair conformations. The reaction of excess [PhB(CN)3]- and [Cu(MeCN)4]+ gives the polymer [K(18-crown-6)]{Cu[PhB(CN)3]2}. Treatment of [PhB(CN)3]- with [Cu(PCy3)2(NCMe)x]PF6 gave the one-dimensional polymer [PhB(CN)3Cu(PCy3)2], wherein two of the three BCN substituents are coordinated.     

Study on the formation of H2O2 on TiO2 photocatalysts and their activity for the photocatalytic degradation of X-GL dye

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles of both anatase and rutile phases were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of microemulsions, and their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of X-GL dye was investigated. The only difference between the two methods used was that different acids were added to the microemulsions to make a direct comparison of the photocatalytic activity of the polymorphs possible. UV — Vis reflectance and XRD spectroscopic investigations of these titanium dioxides indicated that a rutile structure could be formed (PR) when hydrochloric acid was used, and anatase formed (PA) when nitric acid was used. The activity of the two polymorphs and P-25 for the photocatalytic degradation of dye in water was also examined. It was found that P-25 consisting of anatase and rutile has the highest activity, and PR consisting of rutile has the lowest. Photodegradation of X-GL in the presence of these different TiO₂ particles under air-equilibrated controlled conditions led to the formation of hydrogen peroxide. The formation rate of H₂O₂ depended on the difference in crystalloid phase. These results indicate that the observed differences in the photocatalytic activity for the three TiO₂ photocatalysts are directly related to the formation rate of H₂O₂.